CELLULAR RESPIRATION
(PAGE 921)
Light Energy
Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O
O2 + C6H12O6
Cellular
Respiration
9-1 CHEMICAL PATHWAYS (P. 221)
CHEMICAL ENERGY AND FOOD
HOW DO ORGANISMS USE FOOD?
______________ are the units we use to describe how much energy is
stored in food
Calories are the units we use to describe how much energy is stored in
food
1 gram of glucose releases 3811 calories of heat
energy!
A calorie is the _____________________________________________
________ calories = ___ kilocalorie = _______________ (with a capital
C – on food labels)
Calories are the units we use to describe how much energy is stored in
food
1 gram of glucose releases 3811 calories of heat
energy!
A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water by 1
degree celsius
________ calories = ___ kilocalorie = _______________ (with a capital
C – on food labels)
Calories are the units we use to describe how much energy is stored in
food
1 gram of glucose releases 3811 calories of heat
energy!
A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water by 1
degree celsius
1000 calories = 1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie (with a capital C – on food
labels)
In cellular respiration, cells__________________________
________________________________________________
In cellular respiration, cells gradually release the energy
from glucose and other food compounds
Overview of Cellular Respiration (p. 222)
Glycolysis
36 ATP
Glucose
2 ATP
Overview of Cellular Respiration (p. 222)
Glycolysis
Glucose
With O2
36 ATP
2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
Overview of Cellular Respiration (p. 222)
Glycolysis
Glucose
With O2
Krebs Cycle
36 ATP
2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
Overview of Cellular Respiration (p. 222)
Glycolysis
Glucose
With O2
Krebs Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
36 ATP
2 Pyruvate
2 ATP
Overview of Cellular Respiration (p. 222)
Glycolysis
Glucose
With O2
Krebs Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
36 ATP
2 Pyruvate
Without
O2
2 ATP
Overview of Cellular Respiration (p. 222)
Glycolysis
Glucose
With O2
Krebs Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
36 ATP
2 Pyruvate
Without
O2
Alcoholic Fermentation
OR
Lactic Acid Fermentation
2 ATP
_________________________ is the process that releases energy by
breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of
oxygen.
Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking
down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
Equation:
____________________________________________
oxygen + glucose  carbon dioxide + water + energy
Equation:
6 O2 + C6H12C6  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP)
oxygen + glucose  carbon dioxide + water + energy
There are ___ stages of cellular respiration:
1._________________________
2._________________________
3._________________________
There are 3 stages of cellular respiration:
1._________________________
2._________________________
3._________________________
There are 3 stages of cellular respiration:
1.Glycolysis
2._________________________
3._________________________
There are 3 stages of cellular respiration:
1.Glycolysis
2.Krebs Cycle
3._________________________
There are 3 stages of cellular respiration:
1.Glycolysis
2.Krebs Cycle
3.Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis (p. 223)
Glycolysis is the
process in which
one molecule of
glucose is broken
in half, producing
two molecules of
pyruvic acid, a 3carbon
compound.
How much ATP is
released during
glycolysis?
The Krebs Cycle (p. 226)
During the
Krebs cycle,
pyruvic acid is
broken down
into carbon
dioxide in a
series of
reactions.
How much ATP
is released
during the Krebs
cycle?
The Electron Transport Chain
(p. 228)
The electron transport
chain uses the high
energy electrons from the
Krebs cycle to convert
ADP into ATP.
How much ATP is
released by the Electron
Transport Chain?
The pathways of cellular respiration are called ___________because
they ________________.
The pathways of cellular respiration are called aerobic because they
require oxygen.
Key Question: Why do we breathe?
The________________________________________________
_______, and that is the reason we need to breathe!
How much ATP is produced TOTAL with these steps of cellular
respiration that use oxygen? ____________
Key Question: Why do we breathe?
The energy releasing pathways of cell respiration require
oxygen, and that is the reason we need to breathe!
How much ATP is produced TOTAL with these steps of cellular
respiration that use oxygen? ____________
Fermentation (p. 224 – 225)
What happens when oxygen is NOT present?
•_______________ releases energy from food molecules by
producing ATP in the absence of oxygen.
•Because fermentation does not require oxygen, it is said to be
____________________.
•There are __ main types of fermentation:
__________________________________________ and
____________________________________
Fermentation (p. 224 – 225)
What happens when oxygen is NOT present?
•Fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing
ATP in the absence of oxygen.
•Because fermentation does not require oxygen, it is said to be
____________________.
•There are __ main types of fermentation:
__________________________________________ and
____________________________________
Fermentation (p. 224 – 225)
What happens when oxygen is NOT present?
•Fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing
ATP in the absence of oxygen.
•Because fermentation does not require oxygen, it is said to be
anaerobic.
•There are __ main types of fermentation:
__________________________________________ and
____________________________________
Fermentation (p. 224 – 225)
What happens when oxygen is NOT present?
•Fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing
ATP in the absence of oxygen.
•Because fermentation does not require oxygen, it is said to be
anaerobic.
•There are 2 main types of fermentation: alcoholic fermentation
and lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation (p. 224)
Alcoholic fermentation uses
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
______.
________________and some other microorganisms use alcoholic
fermentation.
Alcoholic Fermentation (p. 224)
Alcoholic fermentation uses pyruvic acid and NADH to produce
ATP, alcohol, carbon dioxide, and NAD+.
Yeasts and some other microorganisms use alcoholic fermentation.
How much ATP is produced TOTAL by alcoholic fermentation? ____________
Lactic Acid Fermentation (p. 225)
Lactic acid fermentation ___________________________________ to
produce ATP, lactic acid, and NAD+.
Lactic Acid Fermentation (p. 225)
Lactic acid fermentation uses pyruvic acid to produce ATP, lactic acid,
and NAD+.
Lactic acid is
___________________________
_______ during rapid exercise
when the body cannot supply
enough oxygen to the tissues.
When lactic acid builds up, it
causes a painful, burning
sensation.
How much ATP is produced
TOTAL by lactic acid
fermentation? ____________
Lactic Acid Fermentation (p. 225)
Lactic acid fermentation uses pyruvic acid to produce ATP, lactic acid,
and NAD+.
It
Burns!
Lactic acid is built up in muscles
during rapid exercise when the
body cannot supply enough
oxygen to the tissues. When
lactic acid builds up, it causes a
painful, burning sensation.
How much ATP is produced
TOTAL by lactic acid
fermentation? ____________
Photosynthesis
Function
Location
Reactants
Products
Equation
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Function Capture energy
Location
Reactants
Products
Equation
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Function Capture energy
Location
Reactants
Products
Equation
Cellular Respiration
Release energy
Photosynthesis
Function Capture energy
Location
Reactants
Products
Equation
Chloroplast
Cellular Respiration
Release energy
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Reactants
Products
Equation
Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Reactants CO2 and H2O
Products
Equation
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Reactants CO2 and H2O
Products
Equation
O2 and C6H12O6
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Reactants CO2 and H2O
Products
Equation
O2 and C6H12O6
O2 and C6H12O6
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Reactants CO2 and H2O
O2 and C6H12O6
Products
CO2 and H2O
Equation
O2 and C6H12O6
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Reactants CO2 and H2O
O2 and C6H12O6
Products
O2 and C6H12O6
CO2 and H2O
Equation
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  O2 + 6
C6H12O6
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function Capture energy
Release energy
Location
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Reactants CO2 and H2O
O2 and C6H12O6
Products
O2 and C6H12O6
CO2 and H2O
Equation
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  O2 + 6
C6H12O6
6 O2 + C6H12O6  6 CO2 + 6
H 2O