Learner Resource 1 – Build up to Respiration
1.
a)
What is respiration?
b)
What is the chemical equation for respiration?
c)
Where does respiration occur?
d)
Why is it vital to us?
e)
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
f)
What is a respiratory substrate?
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Cellular Respiration
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2.
Define the following terms:-
Term
Definition
Metabolism
Anabolism
Catabolism
Potential energy
Condensation reaction
Hydrolysis reaction
Oxidation
Reduction
Redox reaction
Phosphorylation
3.
List some of the processes that use energy in cells:-
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4.
ATP is a molecule which is used in all cells to transfer energy.
ATP can be produced by respiration and during photosynthesis.
a)
Draw a simple molecule of ATP and label its parts:-
b)
Add labels to show which is a condensation reaction and which is a hydrolysis reaction.
ATP: The central molecule in metabolism
ADP + Pi

ADP + Pi




cell respiration
(and photosynthesis - light stage)
ATP
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active transport
protein synthesis
muscle contraction
heat energy
ATP
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c)
Which reaction is described as phosphorylation?
d)
Describe the components of ATP.
ATP is water soluble and easily transported within a cell.
e)
How does ATP release energy?
f)
How much energy is released?
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5.
How ATP is synthesised:-
Substrate level phosphorylation – Energy is built using energy released by reorganising
chemical bonds (as seen in Krebs cycle and glycolysis).
Oxidative phosphorylation - ATP built from energy release from the activity of electrons passing
down the electron transport chain in cristae (inner membrane of mitochondria) where oxygen is
the final electron acceptor.
Photophosphorylation – ATP built from light energy as seen in light –dependent reaction of
photosynthesis.
Why is it an advantage to organisms to hydrolyse ATP to meet its energy requirements rather than
hydrolyse glucose directly?
6.
a)
What is a coenzyme?
b)
Name 2 important coenzymes in respiration
1.
2.
c)
How do they function?
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