ABSTRACT BOOK
ISHS FRUIT SECTION
Nuts and Mediterranean Climate Fruit Section
5th International Symposium on
Pistachios & Almonds
October, 06 – 10, 2009 SANLIURFA - TURKEY
Organized by
International Society for Horticultural Sciences
&
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Harran
SANLIURFA – TURKEY
2009
October, 06 – 10, 2009 SANLIURFA - TURKEY
Organized by
International Society for Horticultural Sciences
&
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Harran
SANLIURFA – TURKEY
2009
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
5th International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds – ISHS – Sanliurfa – Turkey, Oct.06-10, 2009
253
EFFECTS OF INOCULUM DENSITY AND SUBSTRATE TYPE ON
SAPROPHYTIC SURVIVAL OF Phytophthora drechsleri, THE
CAUSAL
AGENT OF GUMMOSIS (CROWN AND ROOT ROT) ON
PISTACHIO
IN RAFSANJAN, IRAN.
R. Saberi-Riseh , B. Hajieghrari , H. Rouhani , A. Sharifi-Tehrani
Department of Plant Pathology & Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of
Tehran, Karaj 31287-11167, Iran
Abstract
In this study, sampling was carrid out on soils around pistachio trees in various regions of
Rafsanjan, Iran. Following isolation and identification of Phytophthora isolates, the
predominant species was found to be P. drechsleri and used for further investigation. For
studying saprophytic survival of the fungus, soils collected from different areas were
combined and autoclaved. Sterile soil was divided into 10 parts and mixed with fungal
inoculum at various concentrations of 0-9% (w/w) separately. Each soil part (100g) was
placed in 15cm diameter plastic pot. Some soils in pots were supplemented with sterile
wheat straw whereas others were mixed with pistachio leaves surface sterilized with 5%
(v/v) sodium hypochlorite. After 3, 6 and 9 weeks of incubation, five leaves or straws
samples were taken from each replicate and cultured on CMA-PARPH medium and the
fungal colony formation was monitored. The experiment was performed using
completely
randomized design with factorial experiments including three factors (substrate type,
inoculum density and time), 10 treatments (0-9 g inoculum levels) and nine replicates.
The
results showed that the type of substrate (wheat straw and pistachio leaf) was very
important
for the fungal saprophytic survival in that this was significantly greater for the pistachio
leaves. Time was also considered another critical factor for the fungal survival. With
passing incubation time, saprophytic survival of the fungus declined. Further, it was
demonstrated that increasing inoculum density would result in longer survivability of P.
drechsleri and maximum fungal survival on substrate was obtained when inoculum
density
was at 9% (w/w).