Review of Cells

What is the structure and function of each of the following
organelles:
o Nucleus
o Nucleolus
o Nuclear envelope
o Cytoplasm
o Cell membrane
o SER
o RER
o Ribosomes
o Golgi Body
o Mitochondria
o Lysosomes
o Cytoskeleton
o Cell wall
o Chloroplasts
o Vacuole
o Cilia
o Flagella
o Centrioles
o Chromosomes
1. Which organelles listed above are found ONLY in animal cells?
2. Which organelles listed above are found ONLY in plant cells?
3. How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?
4. How do viruses differ from both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
5. What is osmosis and diffusion?
6. What is a hypertonic solution, hypotonic solution and an isotonic
solution? What are the effects of each on the cell?

For each of the following macromolecules, name its monomer, the
bond that connects the monomers, examples of the
macromolecule and functions of the macromolecule:
o Lipids
o Carbohydrates
o Proteins
o Nucleic Acids
7. Describe the process of transcription. (Make sure to include
description of base pairing rules.)
8. Describe the process of translation.
9. What is a codon? What is an anticodon?
10. What is the role of mRNA, tRNA and rRNA?