Review Sheet for Test 1
Physical/Biological Anthropology 2301
Section 1
1. Anthropos
2. Logos
3. Heiders definition of Anthropology
4. Kottak’s definition of culture
5. Enculturation
6. Humans as biocultural constructs (not solely cultural and not solely
biological)
7. Giambattista Vico and his significance
8. The origins of anthropology lie in what 2 areas
9. Holism and its meaning in terms of anthropology
10.
General Anthropology
11.
In general the U.S. has 3 main subfields of Anthropology and
some schools add a fourth (these are)
12.
Cultural Anthropology (Kottak)
13.
Ethnography, ethnographic present, ethnology
14.
Modern archaeology has its roots in _____ century Europe
15.
Archaeology (Kottak)
16.
3 goals of archaeology
17.
One of the first individuals to have a controlled dig was ______
18.
As an archaeological site is “dug” it is also _______
19.
Material culture or artifacts
20.
Midden
21.
Biological/Physical Anthropology arose during the 19th century
from 2 areas
22.
Relethford’s Biological Anthropology
23.
Descriptive morphology
24.
5 special interests in Biological anthropology
25.
variations
26.
evolution
27.
adaptation
28.
Heider’s Linguistic Anthropology
29.
Descriptive and comparative linguistics
30.
Applied Anthropology
31.
Kornblum’s science
32.
Kornblum’s hypothesis
33.
correlation
34.
fixity of species
35.
The Great Chain of Being
36.
Carolus Linnaeus (taxonomy)
37.
Fossils
38.
Catastrophism
39.
Uniformitarianism
40.
Transmutation
41.
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace
42.
The neo-Darwinian synthesis (and Gregor Mendel)
43.
3 evidences of evolution
44.
guide fossils
45.
theistic evolution
46.
Intelligent design creationism
Section 2
1. Genetics
2. Mendelian genetics
3. Microevolution & Macroevolution
4. DNA
5. Crick and Watson
6. Nucleotide
7. The 4 bases for DNA and their bonding
8. RNA (and the new base and what it attracts)
9. DNA and active and inactive strands
10.
Messenger and transfer RNA
11.
In many types of organisms much of the DNA is contained in a
separate part of the cell (the nucleus)
12.
Chromosomes
13.
Are chromosomes always in pairs?
14.
Gene
15.
Genes not only manufacture_____ but they also
regulate___________
16. Genes that regulate other genes (turn them off and on) have
great significance for evolution (they explain phenotypical
differences)
17.
Homeobox genes
18.
Mitosis (what it is not the stages)
19.
Meiosis (not the stages)
20.
Genome
21.
Locus
22.
Allele
23.
Genotype
24.
Homozygous and heterozygous
25.
Phenotype
26.
Dominant and recessive alleles and codominance
27.
Crossing over
28.
2 types of chromosomes
29.
polygenic
30.
pleiotropy
31.
heritability
32.
mutation
Section 3
1. population
2. 3 limiting factors on mating
3. endogamy and exogamy
4. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
5. 4 evolutionary forces
6. 2 types of non-random mating
7. mutation is the only way a totally new variation can be produced
8. gene flow
9. When gene flow occurs the genetic material of 2 populations (or
more) mixes and the tend to become more alike genetically
10.
Genetic Drift
11.
The only time that genetic drift will not produce a change in
allele frequency is when an allele is lost
12.
Founder effect or Sewell-Wright effect
13.
Natural selection (also no new genetic variation)
14.
Genetic load
15.
Balanced polymorphism (definition)
16.
Types of selection (5 types)
17.
Stabilizing selection
18.
Directional selection
19.
Do evolutionary forces interact?