GOVT 2302 Mid-Term Exam Spring 2012 Directions: Answer each of the following completely, using complete sentences. Type your answers out, using 12 pt. Times or Arial font. This is an individual paper assignment. You are not to work on this project with anyone. Any evidence of academic dishonestly will result in a ‘0’ for this assignment and further possible action per the class syllabus!! 1. What requirements must a case meet to be heard by a federal district court? 2. How do crises impact presidential power? 3. Compare the first, second, and third readings of a bill. 4. What kinds of cases can the Supreme Court hear under its original and appellate jurisdiction? 5. Why is Franklin D. Roosevelt said to be the founder of the modern presidency? 6. What is meant by judges sitting en banc? In what court do judges most frequently sit en banc? 7. What are the two different sets of constituencies members of Congress must cater to? How do members balance the two? 8. What are the four kinds of congressional committees? Give examples of each. 9. Why did Alexander Hamilton claim that the Supreme Court was "the least dangerous branch? Explain why or why not this characterization is correct today. 10. How and why do Texas judges differ in education and training? 11. How does the criminal justice system differ for capital murder cases as opposed to other criminal cases? 12. Name three specific powers the Texas Constitution gives to the governor. 13. What is a hold, and how can it be used to manipulate the political system? 14. Compare and contrast judicial activism and restraint. 15. What kinds of informal powers to persuade the legislature and other elements of state government does the governor possess? GOVT 2302 Mid-Term Exam Spring 2012 16. What is a bicameral legislature? Give examples of nations that have bicameral and unicameral legislatures. 17. What is the significance of the president's power to propose a budget? 18. What are executive signing statements? 19. What are the disadvantages of being an incumbent? 20. What role do committees play in the organization of the Texas legislature? Describe the various types of committees in the legislature.