Please use the following guidelines as you prepare for your professionally printed poster:
• Select a PowerPoint template and setup as instructed.
• The dimensions for printed posters will be 24-inches in height by 36-inches in width. The PowerPoint slide should be adjusted to the printed dimension
when preparing to insure that images and text do not become distorted when printed.
– Instructions to adjust size:
• go to the “Design” Tab
• then to “Page Setup”
• adjust “Slides sized for” to “Custom Size”
• adjust Height to 24” and Width to 36”
• Please see in Cougar Courses EDUC 698, Topic 11,
“Instructions for Submitting You Poster to Be
Professionally Printed”
Please use the following guidelines as you prepare materials for your self-prepared poster:
• Use a tri-fold foam core board or cardboard poster in black or white.
• Ensure that headings and titles can be read from a distance of 5-8 feet in a legible font. Example: 28point, crisp font, such as Arial.
• Create a design that is professional, demonstrating forethought, polish and finish to the product
• Cover all sections of the thesis or project as outlined below.

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By A. College Student
ABSTRACT
A description of your work.
Abstract can include an introduction, your hypothesis, if applicable (in some cases your work is not based on a hypothesis), the purposes and goals of the project, methods, data and conclusions, etc. Include a brief summary of the literature Start out broadly and then be more specific. Your abstract should be brief, as the details of the project will follow in the other sections. Be clear and concise.
INTRODUCTION
Add your text.
A 32 pt. font is minimum for text to be viewed from a 6-foot distance. It is recommended that fonts between 28-40 pt. are used for best viewing and overall presentation.
Adjust dimensions and colors of text boxes to best suit your needs.
Please make sure your text does not overrun the text box frame.
CSUSM RGB COLORS:
Dark Blue = 30-42-91
Medium Blue = 47-63-134
Light Blue = 166-188-213
Beige = 223-212-186
RESULTS
What were the results of your research? Was your hypothesis supported by the results?
CONTACT
Name
Organization
E-mail
Phone
Website if applicable
METHODS & MATERIALS
A description of the methodologies that were employed in your research. How was you research conducted? How did you gather the information?
Did you use statistical analysis to analyze the data?
Did you do a literature review? Describe your target population and/or characteristics of the community here if applicable. For example, if you did a focus group as part of your data collection, who participated?
Add text
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
What does your data mean? What are the implications of your findings? What did you find out during the course of your research?
Who will benefit from your findings? What are the next steps in the project?
REFERENCES
If using references, always remember to cite your sources!

By A. College Student
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION RESULTS
A description of your work. Abstract can include an introduction, your hypothesis, if applicable (in some cases your work is not based on a hypothesis), the purposes and goals of the project, methods, data and conclusions, etc.
Include a brief summary of the literature
Start out broadly and then be more specific. Your abstract should be brief, as the details of the project will follow in the other sections. Be clear and concise.
Add your text.
A 32 pt. font is minimum for text to be viewed from a 6-foot distance. It is recommended that fonts between 28-40 pt. are used for best viewing and overall presentation.
Adjust dimensions and colors of text boxes to best suit your needs.
Please make sure your text does not overrun the text box frame.
CSUSM RGB COLORS:
Dark Blue = 30-42-91
Medium Blue = 47-63-134
Light Blue = 166-188-213
Beige = 223-212-186
What were the results of your research?
Was your hypothesis supported by the results?
Add text
DISCUSSION
CONTACT
Name
Organization
E-mail
Phone
Website if applicable
Add text
METHODS & MATERIALS
A description of the methodologies that were employed in your research. How was you research conducted? How did you gather the information?
Did you use statistical analysis to analyze the data?
Did you do a literature review? Describe your target population and/or characteristics of the community here if applicable. For example, if you did a focus group as part of your data collection, who participated?
REFERENCES
If using references, always remember to cite your sources!
CONCLUSION

By A. College Student
ABSTRACT
A description of your work. Abstract can include an introduction, your hypothesis, if applicable (in some cases your work is not based on a hypothesis), the purposes and goals of the project, methods, data and conclusions, etc.
Include a brief summary of the literature
Start out broadly and then be more specific. Your abstract should be brief, as the details of the project will follow in the other sections. Be clear and concise.
INTRODUCTION
Add your text.
A 32 pt. font is minimum for text to be viewed from a 6-foot distance.
It is recommended that fonts between 28-40 pt. are used for best viewing and overall presentation.
Adjust dimensions and colors of text boxes to best suit your needs.
Please make sure your text does not overrun the text box frame.
CSUSM RGB COLORS:
Dark Blue = 30-42-91
Medium Blue = 47-63-134
Light Blue = 166-188-213
Beige = 223-212-186
CURRICULUM
What were the results of your research? Was your hypothesis supported by the results?
Add text
CONCLUSION
CONTACT
Name
Organization
E-mail
Phone
Website if applicable
RECOMMENDATIONS
Add text
METHODOLOGY
A description of the methodologies that were employed in your research. How was you research conducted? How did you gather the information? Did you use statistical analysis to analyze the data? Did you do a literature review? Describe your target population and/or characteristics of the community here if applicable. For example, if you did a focus group as part of your data collection, who participated?
REFERENCES
If using references, always remember to cite your sources!

FITNESS: THE OVERLOOKED MORTALITY PREDICTOR
IN THE ELDERLY
Brian Emerson, Senior (Exercise Science)
Paul McAuley, PhD, Assistant Professor
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong predictor of mortality among the elderly. My aim was to examine the relative risk (RR) of mortality in healthy, elderly men of low fitness, relative to those of moderate and high fitness.
METHODS: Using the Veterans Exercise Testing Study (VETS) database, hazard ratios were calculated for three predetermined fitness groups (<5.0, 5.0-
9.9, and ≥10.0 METs) in a longitudinal study of 981 healthy men aged at least
65 years referred for exercise testing.
RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 6.9 ± 4.4 years, a total of 208 patients died. Compared to the low fitness group, men with moderate and high fitness were 44% and 67% less likely to die, respectively. Overall, CRF was protective for mortality; each 1-MET increase in exercise capacity conferred a survival benefit of 12.5%.
CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of healthy elderly men, higher fitness was associated with better survival.
METHODS
• In the VETS study cohort, 2469 male veterans aged 65 years and older were referred for exercise testing for clinical reasons at the VA Health Care Systems in
Long Beach and Palo Alto between 1987 and 2004.
• After excluding patients with an abnormal exercise test, documented CVD, or both, the study comprised 981 apparently healthy elderly men (Table 1).
• All subjects completed a comprehensive physical exam and a symptom-limited maximal exercise test.
• Subjects were grouped according to fitness level: <5.0, 5.0-9.9, and ≥10.0 METs
.
• Subjects were followed for at least 1 year from their baseline examination; vital status was determined as of December 31, 2004.
• Relative risk (RR) of all-cause mortality was assessed by Cox proportional hazards analysis adjusted for age, ethnicity, smoking, cardiometabolic risk factors and BMI.
• The low-fit group (n = 227) was selected as the referent group.
Table 1. Baseline characteristics by fitness category
Variable
Low CRF
(n=227)
Mod CRF
(n=570)
High CRF
(n=184)
P
Age, y
Non-Hispanic White, %
BMI, kg/m 2
Currently Smoking, %
Hypertension, %
Hypercholesterolemia,%
73.3 ± 5.1 71.3 ± 4.9 69.0 ± 3.7 <.001
70 75 83 <.01
28.1 ± 4.7 27.7 ± 4.5 26.3 ± 3.3 <.001
17
37
15
41
12
57
<.33
<.001
77 72 67 <.09
Type 2 Diabetes, % 18 15 7 <.003
Abbreviations: CRF = Cardiorespiratory fitness; METs = metabolic equivalents (1 MET = 3.5 ml/kg/min oxygen uptake) determined from a maximal exercise test on a treadmill
Values are means ± SD, unless otherwise stated
Figure
1-
Relative risk by
CRF category
Figure 2
– Kaplan-
Meier survival curves for
981 men
(VETS)
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1.00
0.56
0.33
Low Moderate
Fitness Category
High
1.000
0.750
0.500
0.250
0.000
0.0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
Follow-up (y)
CRF Category
Low
Mod
High
Table 2. Multivariate relative risk (95% CI) of mortality
Regression
Model
Age- and ethnicity- adjusted
Low CRF
(n=227)
1.0
Mod CRF
(n=570)
0.58 (0.42-0.80)
High CRF
(n=184)
0.38 (0.24-0.59)
Age-, ethnicity-, and BMI-adjusted
1.0
0.54 (0.40-0.75) 0.31 (0.20-0.49)
Fully-adjusted a 1.0
0.56 (0.40-0.77) 0.33 (0.21-0.52) a Adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, smoking, CVD risk factors, and type 2 diabetes
KEY FINDINGS
• Elderly healthy men having moderate and high fitness saw a reduced mortality of approximately one-half and two-thirds, respectively (Figure 1).
• Every 1-MET increase in CRF saw a survival benefit of 12.5%, irrespective of weight status.
• Fitness was a more powerful predictor of mortality than hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, or type 2 diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
My main finding was that CRF was a powerful independent predictor of mortality.
While the fact that fitness influences longevity may not be surprising, its power as a mortality predictor may be unexpected.
Low fitness was at least as powerful as many other commonly-acknowledged risk factors for chronic disease, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, or type-2 diabetes.
These data suggest that fitness should take a more prominent role in efforts to reduce mortality and they extend the findings of others as to the clinical significance of exercise testing and prescription.
REFERENCES
Myers J, et al. Fitness versus physical activity patterns in predicting mortality in men. Am
J Med 2004;117:912-918.
Sui X, Blair SN, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity as mortality predictors in older adults. JAMA 2007; 298(21): 2507-2516.
Wei M, Blair SN, et al. Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. JAMA 1999; 282(16): 1547-1553.

ABSTRACT
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CONTACT
<your name>
<organization name>
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TEMPLATE PROVIDED BY GENIGRAPHICS – 800.790.4001
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John Smith, MD 1 ; Jane Doe, PhD 2 ; Frederick Smith, MD, PhD 1,2
1 University of Affiliation, 2 Medical Center of Affiliation
INTRODUCTION
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RESULTS
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DISCUSSION
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METHODS AND MATERIALS
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ABSTRACT
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<your name>
<organization name>
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Poster Design & Printing by Genigraphics
®
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INTRODUCTION
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John Smith, MD 1 ; Jane Doe, PhD 2 ; Frederick Smith, MD, PhD 1,2
1 University of Affiliation, 2 Medical Center of Affiliation
RESULTS
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