User:Satarupa/Temp/An attempt to
understand Basic Concepts of BusinessManagement.doc
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An attempt to understand Basic Concepts of Business - Management
Objectives
Objectives of this content are :
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Creating an easy reference to fundamental concepts of business.
Learning how & when Management comes to play its role in Business.
Contents
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1 Introduction to Business
o 1.1 Concept of Business
o 1.2 Nature of Business
o 1.3 Scope of Business
o 1.4 Functions of Business
 1.4.1 Primary / Basic Functions
 1.4.1.1 Production
 1.4.1.2 Purchase
 1.4.1.3 Sale
 1.4.2 Secondary / Auxiliary Functions
 1.4.2.1 Financing
 1.4.2.2 Accounting
 1.4.2.3 Office Function
 1.4.2.4 Personal relations
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1.4.2.5 Storing
1.4.2.6 Advertisement
1.4.2.7 Transport
1.4.2.8 Market research & development
1.4.2.9 Management
Introduction to Business
Concept of Business
The activities performed relating to purchase or production of good &/or service with a view to
sell them at a profit constitute Business.
Literally & broadly speaking Business means “state of being busy”. Hence reading, writing,
playing etc are all business activities. But this definition is not acceptable in case of Business
organization.A political leader remains busy through out the day in various matters but that
doesn’t mean he is a Business man.
So the term Business is associated with some purposeful activities. But all purposeful activities
can’t be called business in return.So those activities will be called Business whose primary
objective is to earn profit. So we can therefore say Business refers to those activities which have
inherited risks, uncertainty & for which profit can be earned.
Nature of Business
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Procurement of necessary articles from natural resources.
Transformation of those articles with the help of labour & machine.
Transporting good from one place to another.
Storing, preserving & insurance of good.
Sending good to customers through distribution & exchange.
Scope of Business
The Scope of Business can be anticipated from it’s definition. We’ve learnt activities related to
production, purchase & exchange of good/service for the purpose of earning money are termed
as Business. From this two aspects of Business are reflected.
1. Economic aspect :- Creation of utility viz. time utility, place utility, service utility etc.
2. Functional aspect :- Business procures natural resources, process them to produce good
needed for human use & supplies them through purchase & sell leading to both profit &
human satisfaction.
Functions of Business
Primary / Basic Functions
Production
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Important function of business
Conversion of natural resources / raw materials to usable good by mechanical process.
Production can be of two types- good & service.
Production function indicates change in nature / function of the products. Viz. mineral oil
changes it’s form to petrol or diesel when processed.
Purchase
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Integral part of business
Every organization needs to purchase good or service for it’s operation.
Every organization have their purchase manager who helps the organization in
purchasing right good at right time & at right quantity.
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Selling activity is one of the basic functions of business.
Good are produced in this commercial world for sale.
Business man should always try to increase the sale of his products/ service for which he
should have fair idea of commodity market & demand of good.
Sale
Secondary / Auxiliary Functions
Financing
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Without finance no work can be accomplished.
Procurement of necessary capital is indispensable for
performing the function of business
Capital is of two types, viz. Fixed Capital- meant for acquiring fix assets. Working
Capital- meant for day to day expenditure.
Accounting
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Accounting is necessary for the transparency of business.
There are various accounting standards as per guidelines provided various accounting
body.
A clear idea of income/expenditure, profit/loss can be formed from Accounting.
Office Function
Office function involves various administrative jobs, viz. communication customers, suppliers &
government department or other related in terms of correspondence of e-mails, letters, arranging
conferences etc.
Personal relations
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This section deals with employee relations, settlement of industrial dispute, Performance
of labour- welfare activities etc
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Moreover recruitment, training, placements all comes under this category.
Storing
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Business organization producing perishable good have suitable system inbuilt in their
organization.
Moreover raw materials, equipments etc. needs to be stored for flow of production.
Sometimes storage is required for storing manufactured good as lags exist between
production & selling.
Disputed or defected good are also need to be stored for repair.
Advertisement
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Indispensable part of business. Customer gets to know about the– price, places from
where to buy etc.
Transport
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Transport plays crucial role in business world.
Primarily raw materials are transported from the places to unit. Then the produced good
are transported to to places where it is sold.
Market research & development
In order to perform the sale of good smoothly, the function of market research appears to be an
important function. It includes to be conversant with the changing habits, taste & fashion of
customers & production of new good thereby.
Management
Modern business not only requires high degree of technical & professional ability but also
managerial abilities to tackle different kind of problems.Management is the process of taking
managerial decision & putting them into action. It determines th eobjective of the organization &
takes steps to achieve them.
Management deals with five factors of production viz. MEN, MACHINE, MONEY,
MATERIALS & METHODS.The success of management depends on how nicely these limited
factors have been used. The optimum use of these resources defines company's prosperity.
Definition
Some well known definitions of management are
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John. F. Mee, " Management may be defined as the art of securing maximum prosperity
with a minimum of efforts so as to secure maximum prosperity & happiness for both
employer & employee and give the public the best possible service."
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Henry Fayol, " To manage is to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to
coordinate and to control."
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S. George, " Management consists of getting things done through others.Manager is the
one who accomplishes the objectives by directing the efforts of others."
Work in progress, expect frequent changes. Help and feedback is
welcome. See discussion page.
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This page was last modified on 10 August 2010, at 12:31.
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