Earthquakes
Elastic Rebound Theory and stress
Seismic slip in the form of: creep or stick-slip behavior
Epicenter and Focus of the earthquake
Seismic Waves: Body Waves (faster): P waves (Primary, compressional, fastest), S waves
(secondary, shear, slower), Surface Waves: slowest
Why is it important to measure the difference in arrival time of the first P and S waves to
determine the distance to an earthquake?
What geometric technique do we use to pinpoint the location of an earthquake?
Magnitude of an Earthquake (ENERGY RELEASE). What are a couple of different scales we
use to describe magnitude?
Intensity of Earthquake-DAMAGE done in an earthquake. Why is the measure of intensity
necessarily qualitative? What geologic and geographic factors influence the intensity?
Earthquake Hazards
Ground motion, building collapse, landslides, liquifaction, Fire, Tsunami, Aftershocks
Tsunami. Generated from subduction zone earthquake or large undersea landslide
Tsunami hazards in Hawaii. Local generation vs. distant generation.
Identifying ancient Tsunami-examples from the Pacific NW: drowned trees (land drop), sand
sheet deposit.