HCC 1301 Unit II Study Guide
The Nation Takes Shape: The Early Republic (1780’s-1800)
federalism
elitism
pragmatism
ideology
laissez faire
agrarianism
partisanship
factions
consolidation *nullification
*republicanism *states rights
the major difference in the two constitutions, the Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution
the effects of the American Revolution on American society
the appearance of political parties and the two competing party ideologies and visions of the Federalists and the Republicans
the financial policies of Alexander Hamilton and the opposition to these policies
the influence of George Washington on the young United States and the precedents for the executive branch he established
foreign policy under the Washington and Adams administrations and the related domestic political conflicts
separation of power
the U.S. Constitution
*the Bill of Rights
Shay’s Rebellion
the 3/5ths compromise
the 1790 U.S. Census
the “necessary and proper” clause
the Burr conspiracy
slave revolt in Saint Dominque
the Genet Affair
the Judiciary Act of 1789
the Newburgh conspiracy
the Report on Public Credit
*government bonds
George Washington
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
Jay’s Treaty
*checks and balances
the French Revolution
the 10th and 12th Amendments
funding and assumption plans
the Bank of the United States
the Whiskey Rebellion
the XYZ Affair
the commerce clause
Washington’s Farewell Address
the electoral college
strict and broad construction
the Federalist Party
John Marshall
John Jay
Napoleon Bonaparte
Aaron Burr
James Madison
John Adams
“first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen”
“the touch of a feather would turn them any way”
self-made man
Pinckney’s Treaty
the Treaty of Ghent
the Quasi War
the “great compromise”
the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
the Proclamation of Neutrality
implied and enumerated powers
10th Amendment
the Residence Act of 1790
the Alien, and Sedition Acts
the cotton gin
the Haitian Revolution
Eli Whitney
Edmund Genet
James Wilkinson
“the necessary and proper” clause
‘the well-bred, the well-fed, the well-read, and the well-wed”
“The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right.”
“federal filth”
“the reign of witches”
“Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God, if ever he had a chosen people. . . .”
“That government is best which governs the least, because its people discipline themselves.”
“every government degenerates when trusted to the rulers of the people alone. The people themselves are its only safe
depositories.”
“but it is a maxim founded on the universal experience of mankind, that no nation is to be trusted farther than it is bound by its
interest”
“Let me . . . warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party, generally.”
“The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations, is, in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little
political connexion as possible. . . It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world. . . .
But even our commercial policy should hold an equal and impartial hand. .
“oppose any measure or measures of the government of the United States”
“false, scandalous and malicious writing”
“Here lies John Adams, who took it upon himself the responsibility of peace with France in the year 1800.”
The Growth of a Democratic Culture and the Nation’s Expansion (1800-1824)
the policies of the Jefferson administration
the growth of nationalism and the War of 1812
the primary characteristics of the republican culture developing in the early 19th century—demographics, migration, religion, politics,
& the frontier
the development of the market, transportation, and industrial revolutions and the capitalist system
significant events during the Monroe administrations
the presidential election of 1824
*evangelicalism
*democracy
*the Monroe Doctrine
the Missouri Compromise
Adams-Onis Treaty
the Land Act of 1820
the Burr-Hamilton duel
limited liability
the Lewis and Clark expedition
squatters
the Great Compromiser
camp meetings
the American Colonization Society
the Panic of 1819
the Era of Good Feelings
the *War Hawks
the Louisiana Purchase
the Erie Canal
Marbury v. Madison, 1803
preemption rights
the American Colonization Society
the Methodist and Baptist churches
the Second Bank of the U.S. (SBUS)
the Virginia Dynasty
the “corrupt bargain”
the Battle of New Orleans
the Second Great Awakening
the National Republicans
the right of judicial review
standard for treason
the U.S. Post Office
Meriwether Lewis
Francis Scott Key
John Quincy Adams
William Clark
Thomas Jefferson
Andrew Jackson
Tecumseh
James Madison
Aaron Burr
“a firebell in the night”
“The Star Spangled Banner”
“tweaking the lion’s tail”
James Monroe
Henry Clay
John Marshall
the “revolution of 1800”
“Burr loves nothing but himself; thinks of nothing but his own aggrandizement, and will be content with nothing, short of permanent
power in his own hands.”
“We are all republicans, we are all federalists”
“Millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute.”
“the revolution of 1800 . . . not effected indeed by the sword, as that, but by the rational and peaceable instrument of reform, the
suffrage of the people ”
"We must not let our rulers load us with perpetual debt. . . . I sincerely believe. . . that the principle of spending money to be paid by
posterity under the name of funding is but swindling futurity on a large scale. . . . The conclusion then, is, that neither the
representatives of a nation, nor the whole nation itself assembled, can validly engage debts beyond what they may pay in their own
time."
“we should have such an empire for liberty as . . . the world has never surveyed since the creation”
“The day France takes possession of N.Orleans . . . we must marry ourselves to the British fleet and nation.”
“little clearings detached from each other by intervening forest, through which footpaths, and narrow wagon roads obstructed by
stumps, wound their way”
“a rough frontier town with streets full of hogs wallowing in mudholes, barrooms, drunkard lying in and outdoors, scarlet women,
bloody fights, shootings, and killings, gambling games going on day and night.”
“To a man of refined sensibilities it cannot be stood so I am going to Huntsville, Alabama.”
Jacksonian America (1828-1840)
the significance of egalitarianism, individualism, and paternalism
the development of the Democratic and Whig parties and the second party system and the presidential elections during the period
the politics of the Jacksonian Democrats and the major issues of Jackson’s presidency
the significance of Andrew Jackson’s presidency
*franchise
the Panic of 1837
the Bank War
Old Hickory
democratic rhetoric
the spoils system
the American System
Worcester v. Georgia, 1832
Trail of Tears
the Industrial Revolution
the force bill
the specie circular
the 5 Civilized Tribes
the Kitchen Cabinet
the Tallmadge Amendment
the common man
the nullification crisis
the South Carolina Exposition
the Whigs
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 1831
the Peggy Eaton affair
the bank veto
the Tariff of Abominations
populism
the “peculiar institution”
the Whigs
pet banks
the Democrats
the elections of 1824, 1828, 1832, 1836, & 1840
Martin van Buren
Andrew Jackson
John Quincy Adams
William Henry Harrison
Peggy & John Eaton
Nicholas Biddle
“The bank is trying to kill me . . . but I will kill it.”
“Our Union, it must be preserved.”
“throw the rascals out.”
Daniel Webster
John C. Calhoun
Henry Clay
Margaret Bayard Smith
“An unchecked majority is a despotism.”
the “tyranny of the majority”
“the People’s Day and the People’s President”
“boom or bust”
“a ward to his guardian”
“hang out his shingle”
“Our Union, it must be preserved.”
“the Judas of the West has closed the contract and will receive the thirty pieces of silver.”
“His looks spoke out that he would not fear the devil should he meet him face to face.”
“Please give my compliments to my friends in your state, and say to them, that if a single drop of blood shall be shed there in
opposition to the laws of the United States, I will hang the first man I can lay my hands on engaged in such treasonable conduct, upon
the first tree I can reach.”
“the preservation of the rights of the several states and the integrity of the Union.”
“a ward to his guardian”
“distinct political communities, having territorial boundaries”
“The bank . . . is trying to kill me, but I will kill it.”
“Tippecanoe and Tyler Too”
“the tyranny of the majority.”
“Log Cabin and Hard Cider”
“King Andrew I, the most absolute despot now at the head of any representative government.”
“. . . should Jackson veto it, I shall veto him.”
“Equality of talents, of education or of wealth can not be produced by human institutions . . . . Every man is equally entitled to
protection by law; but when the laws undertake to add to these natural and just advantages artificial distinctions, to grant titles,
gratuities, and exclusive privileges, to make the rich richer and the potent more powerful, the humble members of our society—the
farmers, mechanics, and laborers—who have neither the time nor the means of securing favors to themselves, have the right to
complain of the injustice of their Government.”
Antebellum America: Perfectionism and Sectionalism (1820’s to Mid-century)
the distinct characteristics of the North and South that distinguished them as individual sections of the country
the appearance of distinct socio-economic classes and changing gender roles, and the democratic family
characteristics of the American middle class
the reform movements of the mid-19th century
the development of technology to mid-century
Europeans views of American society
the impact of evangelicalism and the Second Great Awakening
*suffrage
industrial capitalism
interchangeable parts
division of labor
mass production
the Shakers
voluntary associations
millennialism
Methodist and Baptist churches
transcendentalism
the Victorian culture
cult of domesticity
the century of the child
assembly line
the Church of Latter Day Saints (Mormons)
the Seneca Falls Convention
utopian communities
the telegraph
the doctrine of “free will”
the African Methodist Episcopal church
the common school movement
Samuel F.B. Morse
James Fenimore Cooper
Joseph Smith
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Anna Lee
Frances Trollope
Alexis de Tocqueville
Margaret Fuller
“Cotton is King.”
“What hath God wrought”
William Lloyd Garrison
Nat Turner
Charles Grandison Finney
Ralph Waldo Emerson
*the gag rule
Domestic Manners of the Americans 1832
Democracy in America 1835 & 1840
the Liberator
Declaration of Sentiments 1848
the Book of Mormon
The Last of the Mohicans, 1826
*separate spheres
Eli Whitney
Sojourner Truth
Frederick Douglass
Richard Allen
Horace Mann
Samuel Colt
Daniel Boone