Name _______________________
Date_____________
Houston Community College
BIOLOGY 1406
Instructor: Aaron D. Palmer
Ch. 16-18 Worksheet
1.
2.
What is an anticodon part of?
A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. ribosomes
E. rRNA
A protein is 300 amino acids long. Which of the following could be the number
of nucleotides in the DNA that codes for the amino acid sequence of this protein
(hint: codon)?
A. 3
B. 100
C. 300
D. 900
E. none of the above
3.
Of all the codons known so far how many codons code for amino acids?
A. 1
B. 36
C. 61
D. 64
E. 100
4.
An mRNA transcript receives a __________ at 5' end and a ________ at the 3'
during RNA processing before it is transported out in the cytoplasm.
A. a repeat nucleotide, a unique sequence
B. codon, anticodon
C. piece of RNA, piece of DNA
D. G-3-P cap, poly A tail
E. introns, exons
5.
The central dogma that is observed in a cell proceeds from _____________.
A. RNA  DNA  protein
B. protein  RNA  DNA
C. RNA  DNA  protein
D. RNA  protein  DNA
E. DNA  RNA  protein
6.
When RNA is being synthesized, the RNA base ___ always pairs with the base
the DNA. This is one the major differences between DNA and RNA.
A. U…A
B. T…G
C. U…T
D. A…U
E. C…U
7.
After an RNA molecule is transcribed from a eukaryotic gene, portions called
_______ are removed and the remaining ________ are spliced together to
produce an mRNA molecule with a continuous coding sequence.
A. operators…promoters
D. silencers…enhancers
B. exons…introns
E. operons…repressors
C. introns…exons
8.
Which of the following processes occur in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell?
A. DNA replication
B. translation
C. transcription
D. DNA replication and translation
E. translation and transcription
9.
Which of the following processes occur in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell?
A. DNA replication and transcription
B. translation
C. DNA replication and translation
D. translation and transcription
E. none of the above
10.
The nucleotide sequence of a DNA codon is GTA. A messenger RNA molecule with a
complementary codon is transcribed from the DNA. In the process of
protein
synthesis, a tRNA pairs with the mRNA codon. What is the nucleotide sequence of the
tRNA anticodon?
A. CAT
B. CUT
C. GUA
D. CAU
E. GTA
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end
___ in
Name _______________________
Date_____________
11.
During the process of translation (polypeptide synthesis), ______ matches an
mRNA
codon with the proper amino acid.
A. a ribosome
B. DNA polymerase
C. GTP
D. tRNA
E. rRNA
12.
A geneticist found that a particular mutation had no effect on the protein made by
a gene. This silent mutation probably involved
A. deletion of one nucleotide.
B. alteration of the start codon.
C. insertion of one nucleotide. D. deletion of the entire gene.
E. substitution of one nucleotide.
13.
Following bacterial cell division, the daughter cells that are produced are genetically
identical to the parent cells.
A. True
B. False
14.
In experiments involving bacteriophages, it was observed that the phages injected
what component of itself that caused infectious mutations to the host?
A. tail sheath
B. viral base
C. virus
D. phage head E. none of the above
15.
In which part of the DNA the initiation of transcription begins?
A. initiation region
B. promoter region
C. regulator region
D. operator region
E. both A and B are correct.
Match the following terms with their descriptions (16-20).
A. methionine
B. release factor
C. codon
D. anticodon
E. aminoacyl-tRNA synthase
16.____ triplet of bases on mRNA.
17.____ amino acid that is attached to initiator tRNA.
18.____ triplet of bases on the tRNA.
19.____ enzyme that catalyzes binding of an amino acid to the tRNA.
20.____ protein that causes termination of protein synthesis.
21.
According to Chargaff’s rules, there is an unequal number of A and T bases.
A. True
B. False
Use the following terms to answer questions (22-25).
A. purine
B. transformation
C. translation
D. RNA polymerase
22.____ an enzyme that adds nucleotides to a growing nucleotide chain.
23.____ transfer of DNA from one bacteria to another with the help of virus.
24.____ process by which the proteins are synthesized.
25.____ nucleotide base pair category.
26.
A nucleoid region is found in prokaryotes only.
A. True
B. False
27.
When bacteriophages infect a cell they_________.
A. Inject their DNA into the host cytoplasm but leave their coats outside the host
cell.
B. Inject their protein into the hosts & use the injected proteins to make the NA
C. Inject both the DNA and the protein coat.
D. Different bactriophage have different mechanism.
E. Both A and B are correct.
2
Name _______________________
Date_____________
28.
The first event in eukaryotic translation is the
A. Joining of the ribosomal subunits
B. Attachment of initiator tRNA to the A site of the large subunit of ribosome.
C. Binding of large subunits of ribosome to AUG of mRNA.
D. Covalent binding between the first two amino acids.
E. Attachment of small subunit of ribosome to mRNA.
29.
Hydrogen bonding is responsible for the joining of two nucleotide base pairs in a DNA
double helix. How many hydrogen bonding regions are involved in the joining of A and T
bases?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
30.
With the number of hydrogen bonding regions known between A and T bases, its
bonding strength is greater than between G and C bases.
A. True
B. False
31.
During their observations, Watson and Crick both concluded that DNA replication best
models a ___________ model.
A. conservative B. semi-conservative C. double helix D. dispersive
32.
During translation chain elongation occurs until
A. no further amino acids are needed by the cell.
B. all tRNAs are empty.
C. polypeptide is long enough.
D. chain terminator codon comes to A site.
E. the ribosome runs off the end of mRNA.
33.
A frame shift mutation could result from:
A. a base insertion
B. a base substitution
C. deletion of three consecutive bases D. both A and B
E. none of the above
34.
What kind of chemical bonds are found between the paired bases of the DNA double
helix?
A. hydrogen
B. ionic
C. covalent
D. phosphate
E. sulfhydril
Match the following terms with their appropriate description (35-39)
A. DNA polymerase
B. RNA primer
C. nucleotides
D. DNA ligase
E. helicase
35.____ catalyzes synthesis of new DNA strand in the 5'  3' direction.
36.____ separates the two strands of DNA during replication.
37.____ a short segment of RNA required to initiate replication.
38.____ enzyme that seals together the broken ends of DNA strands.
39.____ basic unit that makes DNA.
40.
A person lacking DNA ligase would be defective in
A. repair
B. replication
C. transcription
D. transformation
E. both A and B
41.
DNA has all of the following elements except:
A. phosphate
B. oxygen
D. carbon
E. bromine
42.
The double helical structure of DNA was proposed by:
A. Meselson and Stahl B. Hershey and Chase
C. Mendel and Morgan D. Watson and Crick
3
C. nitrogen
Name _______________________
Date_____________
43.
In regards to DNA replication, the lagging strand is synthesized as a series of segements
called Okazaki fragments.
A. True
B. False
44.
Assume that a sequence of nucleotides along one strand of DNA is
3' GATTCATGGCG 5'. What would be the base sequence of the other strand of the DNA?
A. 3' GATTCATGGCG 5'
B. 3' CATTGTACCGC 5'
3'
5'
C. GATTCATGGCG
D. 5' GATTCATGGCG 3'
5'
3'
E. CTAAGTACCGC
Match the following terms with their appropriate description (45-48)
A. purines
B. pyrimidines
C. helicase
D. ligase
45.____ nitrogenous bases with two carbon rings.
46.____ an enzyme that unwinds the DNA and opens up the two strands for replication.
47.____ an enzyme that binds the DNA after being opened for replication.
48.____ nitrogenous bases with single carbon ring.
49.
_________ are the proteins responsible for the 1st level of DNA packing.
A. nucleosomes
B. histones
C. chromatin
D. chromosomes
E. none of the above
50.
The two strands of DNA run in the same (parallel) direction.
A. True
B. False
51.
The enzyme DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of the
replicating polynucleotide chain.
A. True
B. False
52.
During initiation of protein synthesis, when the large subunit of ribosome binds to the
small subunit, the ____ site attaches with the initiator tRNA with amino acid methionine,
and the ____ site is in the front of the next codon.
A. P, A
B. A, P
C. E, P
D. E, A
E. P, E
53.
Is the following picture correct in regards to eukaryotic cells?
A. Yes
B. No
Translation
RNA processing
Transcription
4
Name _______________________
Date_____________
54.
For both transcription and translation, the 3 stages that occur are initiation, elongation,
and ___________.
A. replication
B. processing
C. insertion
D. deletion
E. none of the above
55.
_____________ are required for the active mediation of the binding of RNA polymerase
and also the initiation of transcription.
A. transcription factors B. GTP C. ATP D. ribosomes
E. none of the above
56.
The picture below best represents the concept of what translation component?
A. aminoacyl-tRNA synthase
B. polyribosomes
C. translation
D. transcription
E. none of the above
57.
The picture below best represents which type of mutation? (DNA = 1st two strands/RNA =
3rd strand/polypeptide = bottom boxes)
A. nonsense
B. silent
C. frame shift
D. missense
E. none of the above
58.
Referring to the picture below, the tryptophan molecule best is expressing the behavior
as a _______________.
A. operon
B. repressor
C. corepressor
D. inducer
E. none of the above
DNA
mRNA
protein
tryptophan
5