Chapter 13 and 14 Guided Reading
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Describe the key features of a DNA molecule
Know t he parts of a nucleotide and how they are linked together to make a DNA
Understand how DNA is replicated and repaired.
Compare and contrast mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
Describe the finishing touches mRNA must go through to exit the nucleus
Discuss the roll of tRNA in translation and how nucleotides are added.
Be able to differentiate between codon and anticodon.
Discuss the roll of codons in the genetic code
Explain how transcription is initiated in eukaryotes
Explain how translation begins.
Describe in detail the three stages of translation
Diagram the overall process of transcription and translation
Differentiate between transcription and DNA replication
Differentiate between insertion, deletions, transposons, base pair substitutions, and ionizing vs.
non ionizing radiation.
15. Name the mechanisms used to fix mutations.
16. Describe how mutations may be inherited.
Be familiar with the following vocabulary words:
Nucleotides, adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, pyrimidines, purines, base pairing, double
helix, semiconservative, replication, DNA replication, helicases, replication enzymes, DNA
polymerases, DNA ligases, DNA proofreading mechanisms, transcription, translation, base
sequence, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, ribose, uracil, promoter, guanine cap, poly-A tail, introns, exons,
alternative splicing, codons, wobble effect, ribosomes, initiation, elongation, termination, AUG
start codon, stop codon, base-pair substitution, frameshift substitution, insertions, deletions,
transposons