Albany Medical Center
Patient Pavilion
Albany, Ny
Senior Thesis 2012| Advisor: Dr. Hanagan
Thomas J. Kleinosky – Structural
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
Project Phasing
Phase 1: Existing Design
Phase 2: Vertical Expansion
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 348,000 square feet
 6 stories above grade plus subbasement
 227,000 square foot expansion
 4 additional stories
 Mechanical penthouse added
PROJECT OUTLINE
Building Statistics
 Building Introduction
 Patient Care Facility
 Existing Structure
 Max Height: 145’
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Square feet: 575,000 square feet
 MAE Incorporation
 Construction Cost: $360 Million
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Phase 1: September 2010 to June 2013
 Phase 2: TBD
Site Map
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
Building Statistics
• Owner: Albany Medical Center
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
• Architect: TRO Jung|Brannen
 Progressive Collapse
• General Contractor: Gilbane Building Co.
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
• Structural Engineer: Ryan-Biggs Associates
• Mechanical Engineer: ICOR Associates
• Civil Engineers: Clark Patterson Lee
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Foundation
 Gravity & Lateral
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Foundation
 36” Mat foundation typical
 East West Direction
 #9 at 6” OC bottom
 #9 at 12” OC Top
 North South Direction
 #9 at 6” OC top and bottom
North
 Micropiles
 10” Round HSS
 Two to four pipes per pile
 Near existing buildings
Mat foundation
Micropiles
PROJECT OUTLINE
Foundation
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Foundation
 Gravity & Lateral
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Mat foundation
Micropiles
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Foundation
 Framing
Framing System
 Gravity system
 Composite steel framing
 27 to 30 foot spans
 3” VLI Decking w/ 3½” topping
-10 foot max spans
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Lateral System
 Eccentric braced frames
 Moment frames
Lateral Frame Layout
Moment Frames
Braced Frames
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
Problem Statement
 Structural Depth (per UFC 04-023-03):
 Progressive Collapse Analysis:
 Construction Management Breadth:
 Site Logistics:
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Alternate Path Method (direct method)
 Develop site logistics for precast facade
 Tie-Force Method (indirect method)
 Develop site logistics for existing building
 Mechanical Breadth:
 Façade Redesign:
 MAE Course Related Study:
 AE 534: Design of Steel Connection
 Analyze Thermal Performance
 Extended Shear Tab Connection
 Cost comparison
 Welded Unreinforced Flange Moment
Connection
PROJECT OUTLINE
Progressive Collapse
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
Per occupancy category IV:
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 Tie-Force Method
 Must redesign ties if required tie strength is not
met
 MAE Incorporation
 Alternate Path Method
 Must be performed at all corner columns and
mid span of all sides
 Enhanced local resistance check must be
performed
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
PROJECT OUTLINE
Tie-Forces Method
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Indirect Method
 Requires ductility, continuity, and redundancy
 Mechanically “ties” the building together
 Tie placement
 Restrictions
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Longitudinal and Transverse Ties
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Longitudinal and Transverse Ties
Penthouse Level - wf = 213 psf
Longitudinal Transverse
Length (ft.)
30
27.33
Fi /FP (kip/ft)/(kip)
19.2
17.5
2
0.284
A
(in.
)
s
min
Results/Conclusion
Bar Used
No. 4
Spacing
8
 No.(in.)
4 bars used (TYP.)
Max Spacing (in.)
65
Basement to 2nd Level - wf = 164 psf
Longitudinal Transverse
Length (ft.)
Fi /FP (kip/ft)/(kip)
0.259
No. 4
9
As min (in.2)
Bar Used
Spacing (in.)
Max Spacing (in.)
72
 Typical spacing 10-12Roof
inches
Level - wf = 124 psf
0.166
No. 4
14
65
27.33
13.5
0.219
No. 4
10
65
0.2
No. 4
12
72
3rd to 8th Level - wf = 154 psf
Longitudinal Transverse
Length (ft.)
30
27.33
Fi /FP (kip/ft)/(kip)
11.2
10.2
As min (in.2)
Bar Used
Spacing (in.)
Max Spacing (in.)
30
14.8
0.151
No. 4
15
72
Length (ft.)
Fi /FP (kip/ft)/(kip)
As min (in.2)
Bar Used
Spacing (in.)
Max Spacing (in.)
Longitudinal Transverse
30
27.33
13.9
12.6
0.205
No. 4
11
0.187
No. 4
12
65
72
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Preliminary Member Sizes
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
Alternate Path Method
Description:
Removed Column
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Direct Method
 Bridge over removed elements
 Column Removal requirements
 Exterior frames modeled as moment frames
PROJECT OUTLINE
Alternate Path Method
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
Removed Column
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Alternate Path Method
Results
Member Location Member
Mr
Pr
Roof
W21X50
268.6
0
Basement
to 8th Properties
W24X62
1582.4 W21x50
0
Member
Penthouse
W24X76
1347.1
0
bf/2tf
h/tw
52/√Fye
Member Location
Member
Roof
W21X50
418/√Fye
Basement to 8th W24X62
Penthouse 65/√Fye
W24X76
640/√Fye
Beam m-factor
Mr
302.7
1284.1
1481.6
Member Location
Roof
Basement to 8th
Penthouse
Mr
916.4
85.4
109.3
Member
W21X50
W24X62
W24X76
6.1
49.4
7.0117
Pr
0
53.36
0
8.76
0
86.30
Mc
Pc
m-factor Interaction
412.5
661.5
6
0.108525 PASS
573.75W24x76
819
6
0.459666 PASS
W24x62
Removed Column
750
1008
6
0.299356 PASS
Mc
412.5
573.75
750
6.00
Pr
0
0
0
Mc
412.5
573.75
750
6.61
49.00
7.0117
Pc
m-factor
661.5
6
53.36
819
6
8.76
1008
6
86.30
6.00
Pc
661.5
819
1008
m-factor
6
6
6
5.97
50.10
7.0117
Interaction
0.12230303
53.36 PASS
0.373013798 PASS
8.76 PASS
0.329244444
86.30
6.00
Interaction
0.370262626 PASS
0.024807553 PASS
0.024288889 PASS
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Progressive Collapse
 Tie-Force Method
 Preliminary Member Sizes
 Alternate Path Method
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Alternate Path Method
Results
Member Size
m-factor Controlling Eq. Interpolated Force Controlled
W14X176
8.00
Equation (a)
No
No
W14X176
8.00
Equation (a)
No
No
Original Design Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3 Iteration 4 Final Interaction
W14X176
6.39
Equation (b)
Yes
No Removed Column
0.07670476
W14X176
5.01
Equation (b)
Yes
No
0.145225037
W14X176
2.03
Equation (b)
Yes
No
W14x74
W14x109 W14x145 W14x176 W14x193
0.329480016
W14X342
6.44
Equation (b)
Yes
No
0.42507717
W14X342
5.32
Equation (b)
Yes
No
0.625020449
W14X342
4.42
Equation (b)
Yes
No
0.314130789
W14X342
1.00
Equation (b)
No
Yes
0.371236467
W14X370 W14x145
2.59 W14x311
Equation
(b)
Yes
No
W14x109
W14x342
W14x342
0.430889848
W14X370
1.00
Equation (b)
No
Yes
0.757731361
0.572003466
W14x176
W14x193 W14x370 W14x370 W14x370
0.652593825
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
MAE Incorporation
Design Limit States:
Results
Load:
Vactual= 206kips
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Bolt Shear
m-factor=6.79
 Progressive Collapse
 Plate and Web Bearing
 MAE Incorporation
 Max plate thickness
Vdesign=206/6.79
=30.3kips
 Mechanical Breadth
 Plate shear yield/rupture
 Conclusion
 Plate block shear
 Plate flexure and shear interaction
 Plate buckling
 Weld strength
Removed Column
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Gravity System
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Mechanical Breadth
Introduction:
 Analyzing a typical patient room
 Calculate thermal performance of existing
façade
 Propose a new precast façade
Process:
 Determine number of patient rooms on exterior
of building in each direction
 Obtain pricing from precast and glass
manufacturer
 Material cost analysis
 Run a trace model
 Energy cost analysis
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Gravity System
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Mechanical Breadth
 Existing Wall Construction:
 4” Vented Brick
Glazing
 1 ¾” Air
SpaceCost Comparison
 2” RigidExisting
Insulation Proposed
 Vapor Barrier
Sq ft  ½” Plywood58.67
58.67
Sheathing
 6” Cold Formed
# Rooms
242Metal Framing
242
 5/8” Gypsum Wall Board
Cost/sq ftU-value=0.073
$
11.00 $
12.80
Difference
Total Cost $156,179.54 $181,736.19 $25,556.65
 Existing Glazing:
 Viracon VE19-2M
 U-value=0.25
 S.C.=0.30
 Proposed Precast Wall Construction:
 ½” face brick
Façade Cost Comparison
 3” concrete
 3” rigid Existing
Polystyrene rigid
board insulation
Proposed
Difference
 3” Concrete
Sq ft  U-Value=0.061
105.33
105.33
# Rooms
242
242
Cost/sq ft $
26.14 $
29.00
Total Cost $666,304.94 $739,205.94 $72,901.00
 Proposed Glazing:
 Oldcastle Buildingenvelope Low-e #2
 U-value=0.24
 S.C.=0.28
Mechanical Breadth
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
Trace Model:
 Patient Room Model
 Gravity System

 Progressive Collapse

 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Room Design loads per design values in
MEEB book
Four rooms were modeled
 Trace Results


Cooling Loads
Heating Loads
 Annual Savings
Existing Façade
People
Lighting
Loads
Total
Internal LoadsMiscellaneous
Envelope
Wall
Type
Hospital
Room Recessed
Computer
10934
1438
3636 Fluorescent
-2359
0
-2359
South
Energy
8108 80
4840 Savings
-2359
0
-2359
East
Load (Btu/h)
400
900 1020
7873
898
1350
-2359
0
-2359
North
Wall
Heating
Cooling
5625
1020
4605
-2359
0
-2359
West
North
South
Wall
East
South
West
East
Total North
Annual
West
$ 27,107.43 $ 3,969.85
$ Proposed
10,842.97
$ 1,727.55
Façade
Envelope
Internal$Loads
Total
$ 78,912.75
7,401.56
0$ 3,792.60
-2284
2864
9412
$-2284
28,914.60 1438
-2284
0
-2284
4090
1020
7212
$-2284
145,777.75
0$ 16,891.56
-2284
1204
898
6474
-2284
0$ 162,669.32
-2284
3352 Total1020
4372
Existing Proposed
32540
27470
Total Btu/h
9436
9136
5070
Energy Saved
300
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Gravity System
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Conclusion
 Family
Thank you for all your support and motivation you have
given me in the past couple months.
 AE Faculty
 Dr. Hanagan
 Professor Parfitt
 Dr. Geschwinder
 Friends ands co-workers
 Gilbane Building Co.
 Emilio Genzano
 Ryan-Biggs Associates
 Chris Lescher
 Neil Weisel
Questions?
Appendix I
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Thesis Proposal
 Gravity System
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Appendix
X-DIRECTION
Y-DIRECTION
AXX
Basement
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Level 8
Level 9
Level 10
0.1
0.212
0.55
0.83
1.14
1.45
1.93
2.28
2.67
3.03
3.29
0.12
0.15
0.383
0.65
0.95
1.26
1.7
2.06
2.48
2.88
3.22
0.57
0.95
0.97
0.87
0.83
0.80
0.79
0.77
0.75
0.73
0.71
Basement
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Level 8
Level 9
Level 10
0.1
0.2
0.53
0.79
1.07
1.35
1.79
2.1
2.47
2.81
3.07
AYY
0.06
1.085
0.1
1.235
0.26
1.250
0.42
1.184
0.6
1.140
0.8
1.095
1.08
1.081
1.3
1.060
1.57
1.0
1.83
1.0
2.05
1.00
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Proposed Solution
 Gravity System
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Appendix
X-Direction
 Problem Statement
Basement
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Level 8
Level 9
Level 10
V base =
P(kips)
Moment( k-ft)
d xe
d ye
d xeCd /I
d yeCd /I
Dxe
Dye
Dmax=0.010hsx
21
52
100
121
159
213
290
355
454
586
43
2394
359
1125
1954
2158
2702
3618
4917
6016
7699
9941
737
0.1
0.212
0.55
0.83
1.14
1.45
1.93
2.28
2.67
3.03
3.29
0
0.02
0.05
0.09
0.14
0.19
0.25
0.31
0.37
0.45
0.51
0.166666667
0.35
0.92
1.38
1.90
2.42
3.22
3.80
4.45
5.05
5.48
0
0.03
0.08
0.15
0.23
0.32
0.42
0.52
0.62
0.75
0.85
0
0.187
0.563
0.467
0.517
0.517
0.800
0.583
0.650
0.600
0.433
0
0.033
0.050
0.067
0.083
0.083
0.100
0.100
0.100
0.133
0.100
1.8
1.44
1.44
1.32
1.32
1.32
1.8
1.44
1.71
1.8
1.8
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
No Torsional Irregularity
Appendix I
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Proposed Solution
 Gravity System
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
 Appendix
Y-Direction
 Problem Statement
Basement
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6
Level 7
Level 8
Level 9
Level 10
V base =
P(kips)
Moment( k-ft)
d xe
d ye
d xeCd /I
d yeCd /I
Dxe
Dye
Dmax=0.010hsx
21
52
100
121
159
213
290
355
454
586
43
2394
248.5
766.9
1484.7
1622.6
1943
2462.3
3372.6
4054.3
4904
6332
470
0
0.1
0.25
0.36
0.47
0.58
0.74
0.86
0.99
1.09
1.16
0
0.2
0.53
0.79
1.07
1.35
1.79
2.1
2.47
2.8
3.07
0
0.17
0.42
0.60
0.78
0.97
1.23
1.43
1.65
1.82
1.93
0
0.33
0.88
1.32
1.78
2.25
2.98
3.50
4.12
4.67
5.12
0
0.167
0.250
0.183
0.183
0.183
0.267
0.200
0.217
0.167
0.117
0
0.333
0.550
0.433
0.467
0.467
0.733
0.517
0.617
0.550
0.450
1.8
1.44
1.44
1.32
1.32
1.32
1.8
1.44
1.71
1.8
1.8
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
Pass
No Torsional Irregularity
Appendix I
PROJECT OUTLINE
PROJECT OUTLINE
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Problem Statement
 Proposed Solution
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
Peripheral Ties
Peripheral Ties
PROJECT OUTLINE
Basement to 2nd Level
Fp
As min
Bars
 Building Introduction
 Existing Structure
 Problem Statement
 Proposed Solution
East-West
North-South
88.7
80.7
1.314
1.2
(4) No.6
(3) No.6
Penthouse Level
Fp
As min
Bars
Spacing
9
12
East-West
North-South
115
104.8
1.7
1.55
Spacing
(4) No.6
(4) No.6
9
9
Bars
Spacing
(3) No.6
(3) No.6
12
12
 Progressive Collapse
 MAE Incorporation
3rd to 8th Level
Fp
As min
 Mechanical Breadth
 Conclusion
East-West
North-South
83.2
75.8
1.23
1.12
Bars
Spacing
(3) No.6
(3) No.6
12
12
Fp
East-West
North-South
67
61
Roof Level
As min
0.99
0.9