Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Section 5: Diversity of Fungi
Study Guide B
KEY CONCEPT
Fungi are heterotrophs that absorb their food.
VOCABULARY
chitin
fruiting body
hyphae
mycorrhizae
mycelium
sporangia
MAIN IDEA: Fungi are adapted to absorb their food from the environment
1. What are the three informal groups that fungi can be divided into?
_______________________________________________________________
2. What is one way that fungi are similar to insects?
_______________________________________________________________
In the chart below, compare fungi and plants.
Characteristics
Fungi
Plants
How do they get their
food?
3.
4.
What structures make up
their bodies?
hyphae, mycelium,
fruiting body
5.
What makes up their cell 6.
walls?
7.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide B
1
Protists and Fungi
Section 6: Ecology of Fungi
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Study Guide B continued
MAIN IDEA: Fungi come in many shapes and sizes.
Sketch and label an example of each of the following: sac fungi, bread mold, and
club fungi. Pick figures throughout the chapter as examples for your sketches.
8. Sac Fungus
9. Bread Mold
10. Club Fungus
MAIN IDEA: Fungi reproduce sexually and asexually.
11. List the three ways that yeast can reproduce.
_______________________________________________________________
12. Why are single-celled yeasts classified as sac fungi?
_______________________________________________________________
13. Where can the reproductive structures of a club fungi, called basidia, be found
on a mushroom?
_______________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Check
________________ 14. spore-forming structures of fungi
________________ 15. aboveground reproductive structure of a fungus
________________ 16. a tough polysaccharide that makes up the
cell walls of fungi
________________ 17. symbiotic relationship between plant roots and fungi
________________ 18. long strands that make up the bodies of
multicellular fungi
________________ 19. a tangled mass of hyphae
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide B
2
Protists and Fungi
Section 6: Ecology of Fungi
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Section 6: Ecology of Fungi
Study Guide B
KEY CONCEPT
Fungi recycle nutrients in the environment.
VOCABULARY
lichen
MAIN IDEA: Fungi may be decomposers, pathogens, or mutualists.
1. How does the decomposing activity of fungi help ecosystems?
_______________________________________________________________
2. How are fungi well adapted as decomposers?
_______________________________________________________________
3. Fungi are the main decomposers of what two tough plant materials?
_______________________________________________________________
4. What negative effect to human industry may fungi decomposers have?
_______________________________________________________________
5. What are organisms that always cause disease called?
_______________________________________________________________
6. How does overuse or incorrect use of antibiotics contribute to infection by
fungi?
_______________________________________________________________
7. What are two fairly mild infections to humans that are caused by fungi?
_______________________________________________________________
8. What are three diseases of plants that are caused by fungi?
_______________________________________________________________
9. What is usually the source of the chemicals used in antifungal medicines?
_______________________________________________________________
10. Use Figure 6.3 to sketch and label the structure of a lichen in the space
provided.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide B
3
Protists and Fungi
Section 6: Ecology of Fungi
Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________
Study Guide B continued
11. What does an associated alga provide to a lichen?
_______________________________________________________________
12. What two roles do lichens play in an ecosystem?
_______________________________________________________________
13. Mycorrhizae are mutualistic associations between plant roots and fungi. What
does the fungi provide in this relationship?
_______________________________________________________________
14. How does the fungus benefit by being associated with plant roots as
mycorrhizae?
_______________________________________________________________
15. What are two ways mycorrhizae are beneficial to a plant?
_______________________________________________________________
MAIN IDEA: Fungi are studied for many purposes.
Fill in the concept map below with details of how humans use fungi for different
purposes.
Uses of fungi
16.
18.
17.
20.
antibiotics
molecular biology
model systems
19.
Vocabulary Check
21. A lichen is a mutualistic relationship between what two types of organisms?
_______________________________________________________________
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide B
1
Protists and Fungi
Section 5: Diversity of Fungi