Wharton County Junior College Sugarland Campus
Anatomy and Physiology I (Biol 2401)
Instructor: Shilla Chakrabarty, Ph.D.
SECOND LECTURE EXAM
Time: 1 hr.
Number of Questions: 50 +5
General Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five
suggested answers or completions. After you have decided on the correct answer,
COMPLETELY fill the corresponding oval on your Scantron sheet. Give only one answer to
each question. If you change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased completely so
that only your correct response is scanned. Once your answer sheets have been scanned, your
scores are final, and no claims about improper scanning of your correct responses can be
entertained. Remember to write your name on your answer sheet.
1.
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium ________.
A. lines the respiratory tract
B. aids in digestion
C. possesses no goblet cells
D. is not an epithelial classification
E. is truly stratified but wrongly named
2.
Epithelial tissues
A. always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface.
B. are highly vascularized; that is, they have a rich supply of blood vessels.
C. lack nerves necessary for sensing changes in the environment
D. have all the above features
E. do not have any of the above features
3.
The first step in tissue repair involves ________.
A. replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
B. proliferation of fibrous connective tissue
C. inflammation
D. formation of scar tissue
E. development of new blood vessels
4.
The main components of connective tissue are:
A. ground substance, fibers, and cells
B. alveoli, fibrous capsule, and secretory cells
C. collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers
D. fibroblasts, chondroblasts, and osteoblasts
E. polarized cells, basement membrane, nerve endings
Using the figure below, match the following:
5.
Supports and protects; stores calcium.
6.
Forms tendons and ligaments.
7.
Supports and protects; insulates against heat loss; reserve source of fuel.
8.
Provides tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock.
9.
Composed of cells in a fluid matrix
Match the following:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Serous membrane
Endothelium
Mucous membrane
Cutaneous membrane
10.
The epithelial membrane that lines the closed ventral cavities of the body.
11.
Consists of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
12.
Lines blood vessels and the heart
Using the above figure, match the following:
13.
Simple cuboidal epithelium.
14.
Cardiac muscle.
15.
Simple squamous epithelium.
16.
Stratified squamous epithelium.
17.
Skeletal muscle.
18.
Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.
A. Simple epithelia form impermeable barriers.
B. Stratified epithelia are tall, narrow cells.
C. Stratified epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important.
D. Pseudostratified epithelia consist of at least two layers of cells stacked on top
of one another.
E. Epithelia are always well vascularized
19.
Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.
A. It is composed mostly of extracellular matrix.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Its only function is nutrient storage.
Mature adipose cells are highly mitotic.
Most of the cell volume is occupied by the nucleus.
It is a special type of epithelial tissue.
Using the above figure, match the following:
20.
Site of dermis that produces epidermal ridges on epidermal surfaces of fingers.
21.
Responsible for shock absorption and located in the hypodermis.
22.
Pulls the hair follicle into an upright position.
23.
Sudoriferous gland.
24.
Dense irregular connective tissue.
25.
Region that thickens markedly when one gains weight.
26.
Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.
A. Most tumors that arise on the skin are malignant.
B. Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum.
C. Basal cell carcinomas are the least common but most malignant.
D. Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from
metastasizing.
E. Skin cancer is the least common type of cancer in the United States.
27.
A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?
A. basale, spinosum, granulosum, corneum
B. basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
C. granulosum, basale, spinosum, corneum
D. corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
E. corneum, basale, granulosum, spinosum
28.
The cutaneous receptors that are specialized for reception of touch are the ______
A. Meissner's corpuscles
B. Pacinian corpuscles
C. free nerve endings
D. Krause's end bulbs
E. Langerhan’s cells
29.
Nutrients reach the surface of the skin (epidermis) by ________.
A. absorbing materials applied to the surface layer of the skin
B. utilizing the products of merocrine glands to nourish the epidermis
C. filtration
D. diffusing through the tissue fluid from blood vessels in the dermis
E. phagocytosis of nutrients and cells present in the dermis
30.
Fingernails are
A. a modification of the epidermis.
B. derived from osseous tissue.
C. extensions of the carpal bones.
D. a separate tissue from the skin, formed from a different embryonic layer.
E. made from cartilage
31.
Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence,
seem to play little role in thermoregulation. These glands are found ______________
A. in all body regions and buried deep in the dermis
B. beneath the flexure lines in the body
C. in the axillary and anogenital area
D. in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
E. in areas of the skin that are hairless
Using the figure below, match the following:
32.
Compact bone.
33.
Location of the epiphyseal line.
34.
Area where yellow marrow is found.
35.
Area with articular cartilage.
Match the following:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Chondrocytes
Appositional growth
Epiphyseal line
Diaphysis
Epiphyseal plate
36.
The cells responsible for the early stages of endochondral ossification.
37.
The growth pattern of bone in which matrix is laid down on the surface.
38.
The area of long bones where cartilage cells are replaced by bone cells.
39.
The appearance of this structure signals the end of bone growth.
40.
Area where longitudinal growth of bones takes place.
41.
What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?
A. infection
B. catastrophic fluid loss
C. unbearable pain
D. loss of immune function
E. hear attack
42.
Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.
A. Water
B. fat
C. blood-forming cells
D. elastic tissue
E. Sharpey's fibers
43.
The hormone that increases bone destruction to release more calcium ions into the
bloodstream is ______________
A) calcitonin
B) thyroxine
C) parathyroid hormone
D) estrogen
E) growth hormone
44.
The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the ________.
A. osteocyte
B. osteoblast
C. osteoclast
D. chondrocyte
E. chondroblast
45.
A deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation can cause _______
A. inadequate calcification of bone
B. decreased osteoclast activity
C. decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage
D. increased osteoclast activity
E. increased calcification of bone
46.
A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________.
A. epiphysis
B. metaphysis
C. diaphysis
D. articular cartilage
E. periosteum
47.
The term diploë refers to the ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
double-layered nature of the connective tissue covering the bone
fact that most bones are formed of two types of bone tissue
internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones
two types of marrow found within most bones
epiphysis and diaphysis of long bones
48.
The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue
called ________.
A. Volkmann's canals
B. a bony matrix with hyaline cartilage
C. perforating (Sharpey's) fibers
D. the struts of bone known as spicules
E. perichondrium
49.
The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (the Haversian canal) is the
site of ________.
A. cartilage and interstitial lamellae
B. osteoclasts and osteoblasts
C. yellow marrow and spicules
D. blood vessels and nerve fibers
E. osteoid deposition
50.
Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which of the
following cells accomplishes this process?
A. osteoclast
B. osteocyte
C. osteoblast
D. stem cell
E. monocytes
BONUS QUESTIONS
51.
Male pattern baldness has a genetic switch that turns on in response to ________.
A. age
B. size
C. weight
D. male hormones
E. stress
52.
The statement that best describes interstitial growth is:
A. Growth occurs in the lining of the long bones.
B. Fibroblasts give rise to chondrocytes that differentiate and form cartilage.
C. Unspecialized cells from mesenchyme develop into chondrocytes, which
divide and form cartilage.
D. Chondrocytes in the lacunae divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage
to grow from within.
E. All of the above.
53.
Factors in preventing (delaying) tooth decay and osteoporosis include ________.
A. drinking fluoridated water
B. decreasing weight-bearing exercise
C. increasing dietary vitamin C
D. decreasing exposure to the sun
E. avoiding dairy products
54.
The ________ gland is a modified sudoriferous gland that secretes wax.
A. eccrine
B. apocrine
C. ceruminous
D. mammary
E. endocrine
55.
In addition to protection (physical and chemical barrier), the skin serves other
functions. Another vital function of the skin is that:
A. It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to a vitamin D precursor important to
calcium metabolism.
B. It aids in the transport of materials throughout the body.
C. The cells of the epidermis store glucose as glycogen for energy.
D. It absorbs vitamin C so that the skin will not be subject to diseases.
E. It can replace any damaged tissue of the internal organs.