Chapter 2 section 3

Do Now
• 1. What does the building of pyramids tell us about the Egyptians?
• 2. What was the leader of Egypt called?
• 3. What was the name of the advisor to the leader of Egypt?
• 4. What was the name of the Egyptian writing system?

Hittites
• 1600 B.C. - 1200 B.C.
• First Indo-Europeans to use iron
(weapons)

1200 B. C. E.

Ramses II at Kadesh
Treaty of Kadesh

Phoenician City of Byblos:
“Home of the Alphabet”

Carthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest
Colony

Phoenicians
• Sea traders
• Carthage (most famous colony)
• Known for its alphabet (symbols to represent sounds)
• Eventually passed on to the Greeks

The Kingdom of Israel
(DNWTD)
• 1000 B.C. the Hebrews set up the
Kingdom of Israel
• David and Solomon (skillful rulers)
• David was a humble shepherd who defeated
Goliath
• Later David became a strong shrewd King who united the Hebrew tribes into one nation

Cont.
• Solomon (David's Son) turned Jerusalem into an impressive capital
• Won praise for his wisdom and understanding
• Negotiated with Egypt and Mesopotamia
• Solomon's ambition backfired after his death
• his building projects required a lot of taxes, and also required a lot of labor
• people revolted and split Israel in the North, and
Judah in the South

• Weakened by the division, the
Hebrews could not fight off invaders
• Israel fell to the Assyrians 722 B.C
• 586 B.C. Babylonian armies captured
Judah

What do you know about
Judaism???

At the Crossroads (DNWTD)
• Hebrews were one of the many people of the
Fertile Crescent
• Hebrews came to believe that God was taking a hand in their history
• Recorded events and laws in the Torah, their most sacred text
• Hebrews told of the Great Flood that devastated their land
• Believed God had sent the flood to punish the wicked

Nomadic People
(DNWTD)
• Hebrews lived near Ur in Mesopotamia
• 2000 B.C. they migrated herding flocks of sheep and goats into a region known as Canaan (later called Palestine)
• The book of Genesis tells that around 1800 B.C. a famine in Canaan forced many Hebrews to migrate to Egypt
• enslaved in Egypt

DNWTD
• In time, Moses led them to freedom out of
Egypt
• 40 years, the Hebrews wondered around in the Sinai Peninsula
• After Moses died, the Hebrews entered
Canaan and defeated the people there reclaiming land they thought God had promised to them.

A Covenant with God
• Judaism is monotheistic (call god Yahweh)
• Believe they were God's chosen people
• Believe God made the Ten Commandments
• Prophets emerged to interpret God's will
• Preached that failure to follow God's will would lead to disaster for The Hebrews.

QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video 3 decompressor are needed to see this picture.

The Assyrian Empire

Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s gods.

c

Ishtar
Gate

Hanging Gardens of Babylon?

Israelites in Captivity

Alexander the Great & the
Hellenization of the Near East

The Great Library at Alexandria.
Egypt