Public Speaking:
An Audience-Centered Approach – 7th edition
Chapter 14
Presentation
Aids
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Steven A. Beebe & Susan J. Beebe
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009
“The
soul never
thinks
without
a picture.”
- Aristotle
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The Value of Presentation Aids
• Audience understands ideas better.
• Audience remembers ideas more.
• Listeners can organize ideas better.
• Gain and maintain
audience
attention
more
effectively.
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The Value of Presentation Aids
• Display sequence of steps clearer.
• Help promote visual rhetoric:
process of using
images as an
integrated element
in the total
communication
effort.
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Types of Presentation Aids
Three-dimensional
• Models:
• People:
good when actual objects
are difficult or impossible.
good when assistance is
needed to illustrate a
concept.
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Types of Presentation Aids
Two-dimensional
• Drawings.
• Photographs.
• Slides.
• Maps.
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Types of Presentation Aids
Two-dimensional
• Graphs.
 Bar: for comparisons.
 Pie: for distributions.
 Line: for progressions.
 Picture: for illustrations.
• Charts.
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Types of Presentation Aids
Two-dimensional
• Flipcharts.
• Chalkboards & whiteboards.
• Overhead transparencies.
• Computer-generated aids.
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Types of Presentation Aids
Tips for two-dimensional:
computer-generated aids:
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Use limited text.
Use bullets & parallel structure.
Use headings to summarize theme.
Control PowerPoint images.
Repeat visual elements.
Choose appropriate & easy-to-see
typefaces & fonts.
Use high-contrast colors.
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Appropriate and Easy-to-see
Typefaces & Fonts
• Which are
appropriate?
• Which are
easy-to-see?
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Use Limited Text
Maintain Consistency
• With size.
• With color.
• With bullets.
• With fonts.
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Use High-Contrast Colors
• Some combinations
have low–contrast.
• Others have
high–contrast.
Which color
combination is
easier on your eyes?
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Types of Presentation Aids
Audiovisual Aids
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DVDs.
CDs.
Videotapes.
iPods.
Other MP3 players.
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Types of Presentation Aids
Tips for Using Audiovisual Aids
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Pick best excerpts.
Rehearse with equipment.
Don’t play long portions.
Make volume reasonable.
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Guidelines for Developing
Presentation Aids
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Make easy to see.
Keep simple.
Select right ones.
Avoid dangerous or illegal ones.
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Guidelines for Using
Presentation Aids
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Rehearse with your aid.
Focus eye contact on audience,
not the aid.
Explain the aid.
Do not distribute the aid.
Use animals with caution.
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Guidelines for Using
Presentation Aids
• Manage handouts effectively.
 Do not distribute during speech.
 Tell listeners when to refer to handouts.
 Number pages of handouts.
 Prepare overheads to match.
 Handouts can summarize
key ideas for audience
to remember.
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Guidelines for Using
Presentation Aids
Time the presentation aid appropriately.
 Remove when finished referring to it.
 Position it ahead of time.
 Consider asking others to help
you with the viewing of the aid.
Use technology effectively.
Remember Murphy’s Law.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2009