Course Name: High Level Programming Language
Year
: 2010
Concurrent Versions System
Lecture 5
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lecture, students are capable of:
• Using CVS (Concurrent Version System)
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Outline Materi
•
•
•
•
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Problem in creating a good program
Solution to the above problem
What is CVS?
Software Cyclus
Using winCVS
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Problem in creating a good program
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Problem in creating a good program
• Bugs that has already been fixed, suddenly
reappearing
• Do not know the last version of a particular
version of the program
• The last version, apparently erased with the
older version
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Problem in creating a good program
• The documentation is not inline with the program
that is being made
• Do not know whether the changes that have
been proposed, had been implemented or not in
that particular program
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Problem in creating a good program
• Which version that need to be used?
• I have lost my last revision of my
program 
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Solution
• You need to learn a revision control software, which is called CVS
– Concurrent
Version
System
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What is CVS?
• A process that identifies and combines files that are part of the whole one
result software. By controlling the changes that were made during the
creation of that software.
• To arrange different version in that software’s project.
• To be able to return to the previous version of that software (because it can be
happened that the previous version is better than the newer one)
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Software Cyclus
Analysis of Users Requests Specifies the goals of
the Software
Design of Software
Specification Design
Coding
Code Program
Test function and data
Testing
Implementation
Operasional System
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Using winCVS
• Setting up winCVS
• Projek in winCVS
• Using winCVS
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RCS and History from Control
Versioning System
• RCS:
– Design by Walter Tichy, Faculty of
Computer Science, Universitay of Purdue.
– RCS is a software tool for Unix’s machine,
that allows us to control a system that “has
a lot of revision, e.g.: text, program or even
documents”
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About Concurrent Versions System (CVS)
CVS is system that control versioning or revision of program or data.
CVS is used to record history of program’s files.
Bugs can happen during software’s modification, and probably will not be
detected after a long time after that modification was done. With CVS, you can
open an old file record, before that modification and finding out what causes
the bugs.
CVS can also be useful for a project that is being done by a couple of people,
in which the repository can be overlapped easily between one’s work and the
others. CVS can handle this problem by providing each of the developers
their own directories. And later on ask CVS to do merging from the results of
each developer.
CVS files are recorded using RCS systems, in which RCS is an abbreviation
of Revision Control System.
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Model Check In - Check Out
• Each programmer works in his/her own
local area.
• After the program is revised, then that
program has to check-in to a central
repository.
• Program insides the central repository has
to be checked-out first, before they can be
modified.
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Example of File CVS *,v
– edit helloworld.c,v
1.1
log
@Initial revision
@
text
@#include
void main(void) {
printf("Hello, world!\n")
}
@
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Setting Up CVS
– First, set variable CVSROOT to
…/`username`/…/cvsroot
– (c:\cvsroot )
• Run program wincvs.
• And then run cvs -d :local:c:\cvsroot init
• The action above will create cvsroot’s directory as the
central repository
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Placing a Project File into the
CVS Repository
– Supposed you have a file in
c:\HelloWorldCVS
– Then type: cd HelloWorldCVS
– After that do Remote: Import module
cvs import -I ! -I CVS -m "Importing data to
repository central CVS" HelloWorldCVS
avendor arelease (in directory
C:\HelloWorldCVS\)
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Accessing CVS Repository
– cd to your local directory, in which you are working
with (cd HelloWorldCVS)
– cvs checkout -P HelloWorldCVS (in
directory C:\HelloWorldCVS)
– Creates a project directory inside HelloWorldCVS
and put the newest file from the repository
– Make changes to that file
– And then do: cvs commit -m “Add new coding"
hello.c
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Updating Local Area in CVS
– cvs update <filename>
• To compare files in working copy with the one
in the repository.
• cvs update -P hello.c (in directory
C:\HelloWorldCVS\HelloWorldCVS\)
• M hello.c
• Modified: means that file hello.c has been
changed to a working copy
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Updating Area Lokal dalam CVS
– To see differences made between files in working
directory and in repository, you can use a
command: diff(erent)
– cd ke projek direktori lokal
– cvs diff
cvs diff hello.c (in directory C:\HelloWorldCVS\HelloWorldCVS\)
Index: hello.c
===========================================================
========
RCS file: c:/cvsroot/HelloWorldCVS/hello.c,v
retrieving revision 1.1.1.1
diff -r1.1.1.1 hello.c
3a4
>
printf ("Goodbye, world!\n");
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Add/Delete file in CVS
– Add a new file
•
•
•
•
Get a working copy of the module.
Create the new file inside your working copy.
cvs add filename : CVS version controls it
cvs commit filename : add it to repository
– Delete a file
• rm filename
• cvs remove filename
• cvs commit filename
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The Achieved Objectivites
– Now, You have been able to:
• Setup CVS – creating a repository
• Placing a project inside CVS repository
• Using CVS.
– Next Exercises:
• What does it mean by branching and why is it useful?
• Explain the following cvs commands: cvs tag release-1,
cvs checkout -r release-1 project, cvs release -d project,
cvs rtag -b -r release-1 release-1-patches project, cvs
checkout -r release-1-patches project, cvs checkout -j
release-1-patches project, cvs commit -m “Merged
patch”,…
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Conclusion
• In order to create a complex software with a groups of
software engineers, we need a CVS software to control
our versioning.
• WinCVS is one such software that implements CVS
mechanism, such as create repository, check in, check
out, etc.
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Topic For Next Week
• Classes
• Assignment (taken from book “Cpp Essentials.pdf” page 113, chapter 6 – Classes):
1.
Define a class named “Complex” for representing complex numbers. A complex number
has the general form a + ib, where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part (I stands for
imaginary). Complex arithmetic rules are as follows:
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Topic For Next Week
(a + ib) + (c + id) = (a + c) + i(b + d)
(a + ib) - (c + id) = (a + c) - i(b + d)
(a + ib) * (c + id) = (ac - bd) + i(bc + ad)
Define this operations as member functions of class “Complex”.
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