Chapter 1 The Paradox of Happiness
Summary
According to the findings of many studies of twins and other family members, and
of experiments on happiness and unhappiness, unhappiness seems to be
inherited whereas happiness is not. Fortunately, it is possible to increase our own
happiness by doing more of the activities we enjoy.
Chapter 2 Close to Home: Technological Advances Erode Barrier Between
Work and Home
Summary
In recent years, the boundaries between work and home have been blurred as a
result of modern technology. Due to the proliferation of high-tech devices, the
home is being turned into the workplace. These high-tech devices include cell
phones, pagers, computers, and two-way radios. While this technology provides
for flexibility and accessibility, it also creates a loss in privacy and a lack of refuge
in the home. One solution to the problem created by modern technology is for
companies to protect the privacy and limit the on-call time of the employees.
Chapter 3 The Birth-Order Myth
C. Word Forms (p48)
Part 1
1.
a. will encourage b. encouragement
2.
a. achievement b. will not achieve
3.
a. improvements b. will improve
4.
a. stated b. statement
5.
a. a. treat b. treatments
Part 2
1.
a. competent b. competence
2.
a. intelligence b. Intelligent
3.
a. permanent b. permanence
4.
a. significant b. significance
5.
a. difference b. different
D. Dictionary Skills (p48)
1.
(1) fundamental
2.
(2) say it is a fact
3.
(3) sets; determines; decides
4.
(2) help the progress of
F. Information Organization Quiz and Summary (p50)
1.
a. They believe that birth order affects personality, intelligence, and
achievement.
b. Birth order does not seem to affect personality, intelligence, or
achievement
2.
Birth order differences in personality and intelligence do not seem to
exist; there is no evidence for a firstborn personality.
3.
4.
a. Number of siblings: It seems that having few or no siblings has a
positive effect on personality and intelligence.
b. Parent’s expectations: They may treat firstborns differently, setting
up a self-fulfilling prophecy.
c. Spacing between siblings: There are emotional advantages for
children if they are spaced apart.
The results of research about family size and birth were very different.
Summary
Hundreds of studies have been done on the effects of birth order on personality,
intelligence, and achievement. Because many of the studies came up with
conflicting results, it seems that the effect of birth order on these factors is a
myth.
I. Cloze Quiz (p56)
1. affects 2. intelligence 3. However 4. research 5. different 6. discredited 7.
effects 8. personality 9. influences 10.permanent 11. birth 12. theory 13. time
14. assumption 15. studies 16 predictor 17 scientists 18. concluded 19
differences 20. evidence