Spreadsheets
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Lets you store and analyze data.
2-dimensional grid
Each entry location is a cell.
The cells have indexes
– Rows are different numbers
– Columns are different letters
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Cells
• Each cell can have information in it.
• The cell can have a label or a piece of text.
– Set by typing the text into the cell.
• The cell can have a value (number).
– Set by typing the number into the cell.
• The cell can have a value rule.
– Set by entering a formula or function into the
wide box with the = to the left of it.
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Cells
• Adjust size of cells by dragging along the
borders of the cells.
– L/R drag to change the size of a column.
– U/D drag to change the size of a row.
• You can make rows/columns “disappear”
but they can be restored with dragging.
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Insert/Delete Cells
• Right click on the row/column header
• Select a region
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Insert
Delete
Cut
Copy
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Selecting Cells
• Mouse over cells to select.
• Use the name box above the A column.
• Can select several disjoint areas.
– Hold down Control key while selecting.
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Marking Cells
• Mouse over them holding the left button.
• Enter a range into the small box on the
upper left.
• Click on the column/row headers to mark
all cells in one row or column.
• Ctrl-A for all cells.
• Mark more than one range of cells by
holding CTRL as they are marked.
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Entering Labels
• Just type non-numeric text and they will
appear.
• These don’t get used in calculations.
• Can replace by typing over them again.
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Entering values
• Enter a number into a cell.
• It stays constant.
• It can be used in formulas.
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Value Rules
• Formulas relating cells to each other.
• Generally a formula references other cells.
• Copying formulas causes relative changes
to the cells referenced.
– If a formula in cell A6 is average(A1:A5)
– If A6 is copied to B6
– The formula in B6 is average(B1:B5)
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Copying Value Rules
• If the copy is to another column, the
columns change.
• If the copy is to another row, the rows
change.
• You can fix a row or column by putting a $
in front of the row number or column letter,
or both.
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Entering Value Rules
• Value rules can be formulas
– A5+($B7/4+24)
– E2*F5
• Value rules can be functions
– AVERAGE(A3:B7)
– SUM(G5:H20)
• Or combinations of both.
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Entering Value Rules
• Parentheses must match.
• Usually there are cell blocks being
referenced.
• They can be moused over while entering the
formula.
• Labels/blanks are ignored
• Value rules can reference other value rules.
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Sorting
• Can sort by column or row.
• Can sort by several factors in order
– Ties in one factor get sorted in the next factor.
• Will also change other information outside
of the data being sorted (if it’s marked).
• Can be used to organize data for plots.
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Graphs
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X-Y Correlation (scatter) plots.
Height plots.
Bar graphs.
Pie graphs.
Can pre-select data ranges by marking
them, or you can clear the data ranges and
mark new ranges.
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Entering Data
• Can enter thousands of data pieces at once
– Enter a piece of data in a cell
– Mark a row or column using the name box
– CTRL-D or CTRL-R as necessary to fill in the
blanks
• Can use that for statisitcal analysis.
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Importing Data
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Get a data source from a file or the WWW.
Get it into Word Processor to neaten it up.
Import it using breakpoints/delimiters.
Import using copy/paste and data->text to
columns.
• May require some fixing to make it work.
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