Matakuliah : U0173 / FOTOGRAFI 1
PHOTOGRAPHY 1
Films
(Basic Knowledge)
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Understanding ASA / ISO / DIN
The numbers are guides set by international standard that
measures the sensitivity of a certain kind of film towards light
The higher the numbers would mean that the film is more
sensitive towards light and would need less exposure to achieve
the same effect compared to a lower ASA / ISO.
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Film and ASA
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ASA/ISO is film’s sensitivity to light
The higher the ISO (3200) / fast film, the more sensitive
to light
The slower ISO is less sensitive to light
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ASA Numbers
1 , 1.25 , 1.5 , 2 , 2.5 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 10
12 , 16 , 20 , 25 , 32 , 40 , 50 , 64 , 80 ,
100 , 125 ,160 , 200 , 250 ,320 , 400 , 500
640 , 800 , 1000 ,1250 , 1600 , 2000 ,
2500 , 3200 , 4000 , 5000 , 6400 , 8000
,10000 , 12500
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Fast Film
A high-speed or fast film (400, 800,
or 1000) captures light faster than a
slow-speed film.
Used for action shots, for dim-light
situations
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Slow Film
A slower-speed film (200, 100, or lower) gives you sharper pictures.
But you must hold the camera very steady and be in bright light or
use flash.
Slower films are better if you want to make 8 x 10-inch or bigger
enlargements of your pictures.
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Grain and Graininess
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Grain is the developed silver salt.
The larger the grain, the more sensitive the film is to light.
Therefore, faster speed films have larger grains.
Graininess is a subjective measurement, with subjects
viewing the grain either enlarged onto a screen or print.
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Film Low Speed
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Low Speed Film
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Medium Speed Film
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Film High Speed
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Film’s layers
Anti scratch => protect the emulsion
Emulsion =>the light sensitive part; grains
Plastic acetate => film base
Anti halation => to absorb the light
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Choosing Film
• how much light is available
• what aperture do you expect to use
• how fast is your subject going to be moving
• how fast is your camera going to be moving
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Film
• Negative film:
- color
- black and white
• Positive film/slide
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Color negative film :
- film processing with C41
- where the original scene was bright, the photographic
image is dark. And when the negative film (usually we called
it ‘klise’) dark, the image is light.
- each color of the scene appears as its opposite, or
‘complementary' color.
ex: green object - magenta on the film
yellow object - blue on the film, and so on
- if we need to see the real color, we have to print it in color
photo paper.
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Positive film/slide
- film processing in E6
- it produces a transparent positive image in the film itself
- color of the scene appears naturally same as the object’s
color
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Cross Processed Film
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Black and white film
1. Ortho chromatic : film that insensitive to red light, that is,
red object appear black on photograph, high contrast
2. Pan chromatic : sensitive to all the visible color (but it still
not respond in the same way as human eyes), ordinary BW
film
3. Infra red : very sensitive with red light, and high temperature
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Infrared Film
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Types of color film :
1. Daylight : natural light(outdoor) and flash
2. Tungsten : electrics bulb (lights with yellowish effect)
Daylight film in :
- daylight environment = natural look
- tungsten environment = yellowish
Tungsten film in :
- tungsten environment = natural
- daylight environment = bluish
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Daylight film-tungsten light
Daylight film-daylight
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Daylight film- daylight
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Film’s Latitude (compensation)
Negative film : + 3 stops
Positive film : + 1 stop
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