9-Dec-15
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org
Table T15-0184
Distribution of Benefits from Child Tax Credit with $3,000 Refundability Threshold
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Detail Table
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2
2015 dollars)
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Percent of Tax Units
With Benefit
3
Without
Benefit
5.5
14.8
23.3
26.5
25.8
27.5
28.7
25.2
0.9
0.1
0.0
20.7
94.5
85.2
76.7
73.5
74.2
72.6
71.3
74.8
99.1
100.0
100.0
79.3
Benefit as a
Percent of After4
Tax Income
0.5
1.0
1.3
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
Share of
Total Benefit
0.7
7.4
13.8
12.3
10.4
20.6
14.8
19.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
100.0
Average Benefit
Dollars
25
158
328
414
423
462
486
368
9
1
0
309
Share of Federal Taxes
Percent of
Federal Taxes
4.8
23.8
21.1
12.4
7.6
5.0
3.2
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.6
With Provision
0.2
0.5
1.1
1.6
2.2
6.7
7.4
23.8
22.4
8.2
25.7
100.0
6
Average Federal Tax Rate
Without
Provision
With
Provision
0.2
0.6
1.3
1.8
2.3
6.9
7.6
23.8
22.0
8.1
25.3
100.0
8.6
4.1
5.9
9.0
11.6
14.0
16.3
19.0
23.1
28.3
34.6
20.5
Without
Provision
9.1
5.1
7.1
10.1
12.4
14.7
16.9
19.3
23.2
28.3
34.6
20.9
Baseline Distribution of Income and Federal Taxes
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 1
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars)
2
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Tax Units
Number
(thousands)
14,436
25,141
22,741
16,045
13,357
24,181
16,514
28,453
10,793
1,356
761
175,149
Pre-Tax Income
Federal Tax Burden
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
8.2
14.4
13.0
9.2
7.6
13.8
9.4
16.3
6.2
0.8
0.4
100.0
6,063
16,107
26,469
37,201
47,921
65,918
92,693
148,076
301,023
718,418
3,274,146
93,387
0.5
2.5
3.7
3.7
3.9
9.8
9.4
25.8
19.9
6.0
15.2
100.0
524
666
1,553
3,355
5,539
9,243
15,135
28,132
69,668
203,387
1,133,653
19,178
Percent of
Total
0.2
0.5
1.1
1.6
2.2
6.7
7.4
23.8
22.4
8.2
25.7
100.0
After-Tax Income
5
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
5,539
15,440
24,915
33,846
42,382
56,675
77,558
119,944
231,355
515,030
2,140,493
74,208
0.6
3.0
4.4
4.2
4.4
10.5
9.9
26.3
19.2
5.4
12.5
100.0
Average
Federal Tax
Rate
6
8.6
4.1
5.9
9.0
11.6
14.0
16.3
19.0
23.1
28.3
34.6
20.5
Source: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Microsimulation Model (version 0515-1).
* Less than 0.05
(1) Calendar year. Table shows the tax benefit of the child tax credit with a $3,000 unindexed refundability threshold against an otherwise current-law baseline. For a description of TPC's current law
baseline, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxtopics/Baseline-Definitions.cfm
(2) Includes both filing and non-filing units but excludes those that are dependents of other tax units. Tax units with negative gross income are excluded from their respective income class but are
included in the totals. For a description of expanded cash income, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxModel/income.cfm
(3) Includes tax units with a change in federal tax burden of $10 or more in absolute value.
(4) After-tax income is expanded cash income less: individual income tax net of refundable credits; corporate income tax; payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare); estate taxes; and excise taxes.
(5) Average federal tax (includes individual and corporate income tax, payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare, the estate tax, and excise taxes) as a percentage of average expanded cash income.
9-Dec-15
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org
Table T15-0184
Distribution of Benefits from Child Tax Credit with $3,000 Refundability Threshold
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Detail Table - Single Tax Units
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars) 2
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Percent of Tax Units3
With Benefit
Without
Benefit
1.7
3.5
3.4
3.1
3.0
2.6
2.7
1.3
*
0.0
0.0
2.8
98.3
96.5
96.7
96.9
97.0
97.4
97.3
98.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.2
Benefit as a
Percent of AfterTax Income 4
Share of Total
Benefit
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
3.3
26.3
20.7
13.5
12.7
13.7
7.5
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
Average Benefit
Dollars
Share of Federal Taxes
Percent of
Federal Taxes
7
37
38
40
46
33
35
10
1
0
0
31
1.2
3.3
1.6
0.9
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
With Provision
1.0
2.8
4.6
5.3
6.5
16.4
13.7
21.6
9.9
3.4
14.6
100.0
Average Federal Tax Rate6
Without
Provision
With
Provision
1.0
2.9
4.7
5.3
6.6
16.3
13.6
21.5
9.8
3.4
14.6
100.0
10.5
7.2
9.1
11.9
14.3
17.3
20.2
22.0
26.4
31.8
37.2
18.6
Without
Provision
10.7
7.4
9.3
12.0
14.4
17.3
20.2
22.0
26.4
31.8
37.2
18.7
Baseline Distribution of Income and Federal Taxes
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Tax Units
Pre-Tax Income
Federal Tax Burden
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars) 2
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
12,486
19,246
15,072
9,321
7,512
11,365
5,776
5,523
1,012
115
91
88,250
14.2
21.8
17.1
10.6
8.5
12.9
6.5
6.3
1.2
0.1
0.1
100.0
6,006
15,986
26,358
37,163
47,952
65,384
91,740
139,282
290,159
724,597
3,393,110
47,807
1.8
7.3
9.4
8.2
8.5
17.6
12.6
18.2
7.0
2.0
7.3
100.0
633
1,146
2,402
4,436
6,833
11,282
18,533
30,672
76,474
230,079
1,261,369
8,888
Percent of
Total
1.0
2.8
4.6
5.3
6.5
16.4
13.7
21.6
9.9
3.4
14.6
100.0
After-Tax Income 5
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
Federal Tax
Rate 6
5,373
14,840
23,956
32,727
41,118
54,102
73,207
108,610
213,686
494,518
2,131,741
38,919
2.0
8.3
10.5
8.9
9.0
17.9
12.3
17.5
6.3
1.7
5.7
100.0
10.5
7.2
9.1
11.9
14.3
17.3
20.2
22.0
26.4
31.8
37.2
18.6
Source: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Microsimulation Model (version 0515-1).
* Less than 0.05
(1) Calendar year. Table shows the tax benefit of the child tax credit with a $3,000 unindexed refundability threshold against an otherwise current-law baseline. For a description of TPC's current law
baseline, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxtopics/Baseline-Definitions.cfm
(2) Includes both filing and non-filing units but excludes those that are dependents of other tax units. Tax units with negative gross income are excluded from their respective income class but are included
in the totals. For a description of expanded cash income, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxModel/income.cfm
(3) Includes tax units with a change in federal tax burden of $10 or more in absolute value.
(4) After-tax income is expanded cash income less: individual income tax net of refundable credits; corporate income tax; payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare); estate taxes; and excise taxes.
(5) Average federal tax (includes individual and corporate income tax, payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare, the estate tax, and excise taxes) as a percentage of average expanded cash income.
9-Dec-15
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org
Table T15-0184
Distribution of Benefits from Child Tax Credit with $3,000 Refundability Threshold
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Detail Table - Married Tax Units Filing Jointly
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars) 2
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Percent of Tax Units3
With Benefit
Without
Benefit
8.6
25.7
38.7
39.0
37.0
36.8
36.8
31.7
1.1
0.1
0.0
27.5
91.4
74.3
61.3
61.0
63.0
63.2
63.2
68.3
99.0
100.0
100.0
72.5
Benefit as a
Percent of AfterTax Income 4
Share of Total
Benefit
1.0
1.9
2.5
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.9
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.2
2.0
6.5
7.4
7.4
19.4
20.4
35.5
0.3
0.0
0.0
100.0
Average Benefit
Dollars
51
312
645
715
708
700
695
477
10
1
0
465
Share of Federal Taxes
Percent of
Federal Taxes
28.1
115.6
120.3
41.5
20.2
10.0
5.4
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
With Provision
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.4
2.3
4.4
24.1
28.0
10.4
29.9
100.0
Average Federal Tax Rate6
Without
Provision
With
Provision
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.5
2.5
4.6
24.2
27.7
10.3
29.6
100.0
3.4
1.6
2.0
4.6
7.3
10.5
13.7
18.2
22.8
27.9
34.2
22.3
Without
Provision
4.3
3.5
4.4
6.5
8.8
11.5
14.4
18.5
22.8
27.9
34.2
22.6
Baseline Distribution of Income and Federal Taxes
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Tax Units
Pre-Tax Income
Federal Tax Burden
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars) 2
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
808
1,779
2,762
2,810
2,842
7,581
8,005
20,313
9,436
1,203
638
58,693
1.4
3.0
4.7
4.8
4.8
12.9
13.6
34.6
16.1
2.1
1.1
100.0
5,339
16,592
26,860
37,394
48,095
67,014
93,593
151,513
302,557
717,741
3,186,758
177,317
0.0
0.3
0.7
1.0
1.3
4.9
7.2
29.6
27.4
8.3
19.5
100.0
181
270
536
1,721
3,508
7,016
12,792
27,499
68,862
200,476
1,090,103
39,556
Percent of
Total
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.4
2.3
4.4
24.1
28.0
10.4
29.9
100.0
After-Tax Income 5
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
Federal Tax
Rate 6
5,158
16,322
26,324
35,672
44,586
59,997
80,800
124,014
233,695
517,266
2,096,655
137,761
0.1
0.4
0.9
1.2
1.6
5.6
8.0
31.2
27.3
7.7
16.5
100.0
3.4
1.6
2.0
4.6
7.3
10.5
13.7
18.2
22.8
27.9
34.2
22.3
Source: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Microsimulation Model (version 0515-1).
* Less than 0.05
(1) Calendar year. Table shows the tax benefit of the child tax credit with a $3,000 unindexed refundability threshold against an otherwise current-law baseline. For a description of TPC's current law
baseline, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxtopics/Baseline-Definitions.cfm
(2) Includes both filing and non-filing units but excludes those that are dependents of other tax units. Tax units with negative gross income are excluded from their respective income class but are included
in the totals. For a description of expanded cash income, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxModel/income.cfm
(3) Includes tax units with a change in federal tax burden of $10 or more in absolute value.
(4) After-tax income is expanded cash income less: individual income tax net of refundable credits; corporate income tax; payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare); estate taxes; and excise taxes.
(5) Average federal tax (includes individual and corporate income tax, payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare, the estate tax, and excise taxes) as a percentage of average expanded cash income.
9-Dec-15
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org
Table T15-0184
Distribution of Benefits from Child Tax Credit with $3,000 Refundability Threshold
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Detail Table - Head of Household Tax Units
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars) 2
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Percent of Tax Units3
With Benefit
Without
Benefit
51.0
67.4
80.8
78.5
78.2
74.6
66.1
29.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
68.9
49.0
32.6
19.2
21.5
21.8
25.4
34.0
71.0
99.6
100.0
100.0
31.1
Benefit as a
Percent of AfterTax Income 4
Share of Total
Benefit
2.9
3.9
4.1
3.3
2.7
2.0
1.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.9
1.0
11.3
21.3
17.7
13.6
22.6
9.3
2.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
Average Benefit
Dollars
233
705
1,111
1,174
1,188
1,162
920
319
5
0
0
941
Share of Federal Taxes
Percent of
Federal Taxes
-35.6
-42.1
-133.9
75.6
31.6
15.5
6.4
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
13.2
With Provision
-0.4
-3.6
-2.1
3.1
5.7
19.3
19.1
32.7
10.7
3.0
12.4
100.0
Average Federal Tax Rate6
Without
Provision
With
Provision
-0.2
-1.8
0.6
4.8
6.6
19.7
17.9
29.2
9.4
2.7
11.0
100.0
-8.9
-10.2
-3.1
4.2
7.9
11.5
15.5
19.3
24.1
29.7
34.4
12.4
Without
Provision
-5.7
-5.9
1.1
7.3
10.4
13.3
16.5
19.5
24.1
29.7
34.4
14.1
Baseline Distribution of Income and Federal Taxes
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Tax Units
Pre-Tax Income
Federal Tax Burden
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars) 2
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
986
3,812
4,551
3,581
2,709
4,616
2,399
2,186
275
25
16
25,211
3.9
15.1
18.1
14.2
10.8
18.3
9.5
8.7
1.1
0.1
0.1
100.0
7,369
16,489
26,585
37,132
47,680
65,421
91,912
139,467
288,279
717,564
4,036,724
57,257
0.5
4.4
8.4
9.2
9.0
20.9
15.3
21.1
5.5
1.3
4.5
100.0
-654
-1,676
-830
1,552
3,762
7,510
14,273
26,842
69,467
212,749
1,388,128
7,120
Percent of
Total
-0.4
-3.6
-2.1
3.1
5.7
19.3
19.1
32.7
10.7
3.0
12.4
100.0
After-Tax Income 5
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
Federal Tax
Rate 6
8,023
18,165
27,415
35,580
43,919
57,911
77,639
112,625
218,812
504,816
2,648,596
50,137
0.6
5.5
9.9
10.1
9.4
21.2
14.7
19.5
4.8
1.0
3.4
100.0
-8.9
-10.2
-3.1
4.2
7.9
11.5
15.5
19.3
24.1
29.7
34.4
12.4
Source: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Microsimulation Model (version 0515-1).
* Less than 0.05
(1) Calendar year. Table shows the tax benefit of the child tax credit with a $3,000 unindexed refundability threshold against an otherwise current-law baseline. For a description of TPC's current law
baseline, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxtopics/Baseline-Definitions.cfm
(2) Includes both filing and non-filing units but excludes those that are dependents of other tax units. Tax units with negative gross income are excluded from their respective income class but are included
in the totals. For a description of expanded cash income, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxModel/income.cfm
(3) Includes tax units with a change in federal tax burden of $10 or more in absolute value.
(4) After-tax income is expanded cash income less: individual income tax net of refundable credits; corporate income tax; payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare); estate taxes; and excise taxes.
(5) Average federal tax (includes individual and corporate income tax, payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare, the estate tax, and excise taxes) as a percentage of average expanded cash income.
9-Dec-15
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org
Table T15-0184
Distribution of Benefits from Child Tax Credit with $3,000 Refundability Threshold
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Detail Table - Tax Units with Children
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2
2015 dollars)
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Percent of Tax Units
With Benefit
3
Without
Benefit
61.3
78.5
87.9
88.5
89.2
88.6
85.8
59.0
1.8
0.1
0.0
68.3
38.7
21.5
12.1
11.5
10.9
11.4
14.2
41.0
98.2
99.9
100.0
31.7
Benefit as a
Percent of After4
Tax Income
3.6
4.6
4.5
3.8
3.3
2.5
1.8
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
Share of
Total Benefit
0.7
7.4
13.5
12.0
10.0
20.6
15.0
20.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
100.0
Average Benefit
Dollars
279
835
1,233
1,377
1,448
1,491
1,459
866
17
1
0
1,015
Share of Federal Taxes
Percent of
Federal Taxes
-38.0
-46.3
-116.6
122.3
42.0
20.1
10.8
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.7
With Provision
-0.1
-0.6
-0.4
0.4
0.9
3.8
5.1
23.5
27.1
10.5
29.8
100.0
6
Average Federal Tax Rate
Without
Provision
With
Provision
0.0
-0.3
0.1
0.8
1.2
4.4
5.4
23.3
26.2
10.1
28.7
100.0
-10.4
-11.0
-4.0
3.0
7.2
11.2
14.5
18.2
22.8
28.2
34.4
20.9
Without
Provision
-6.5
-5.9
0.7
6.7
10.2
13.5
16.0
18.8
22.8
28.2
34.4
21.6
Baseline Distribution of Income and Federal Taxes
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars)
2
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Tax Units
Pre-Tax Income
Federal Tax Burden
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
1,284
4,581
5,635
4,503
3,579
7,126
5,301
11,978
5,469
728
382
50,858
2.5
9.0
11.1
8.9
7.0
14.0
10.4
23.6
10.8
1.4
0.8
100.0
7,081
16,468
26,647
37,233
47,821
66,079
93,201
151,099
305,621
716,778
3,183,716
132,410
0.1
1.1
2.2
2.5
2.5
7.0
7.3
26.9
24.8
7.7
18.1
100.0
-736
-1,806
-1,057
1,126
3,446
7,404
13,494
27,488
69,654
201,805
1,094,079
27,611
Percent of
Total
-0.1
-0.6
-0.4
0.4
0.9
3.8
5.1
23.5
27.1
10.5
29.8
100.0
After-Tax Income
5
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
7,817
18,274
27,704
36,107
44,375
58,675
79,707
123,611
235,967
514,973
2,089,637
104,799
0.2
1.6
2.9
3.1
3.0
7.8
7.9
27.8
24.2
7.0
15.0
100.0
Average
Federal Tax
Rate
6
-10.4
-11.0
-4.0
3.0
7.2
11.2
14.5
18.2
22.8
28.2
34.4
20.9
Source: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Microsimulation Model (version 0515-1).
* Less than 0.05
Note: Tax units with children are those claiming an exemption for children at home or away from home.
(1) Calendar year. Table shows the tax benefit of the child tax credit with a $3,000 unindexed refundability threshold against an otherwise current-law baseline. For a description of TPC's current law
baseline, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxtopics/Baseline-Definitions.cfm
(2) Includes both filing and non-filing units but excludes those that are dependents of other tax units. Tax units with negative gross income are excluded from their respective income class but are
included in the totals. For a description of expanded cash income, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxModel/income.cfm
(3) Includes tax units with a change in federal tax burden of $10 or more in absolute value.
(4) After-tax income is expanded cash income less: individual income tax net of refundable credits; corporate income tax; payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare); estate taxes; and excise taxes.
(5) Average federal tax (includes individual and corporate income tax, payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare, the estate tax, and excise taxes) as a percentage of average expanded cash income.
9-Dec-15
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org
Table T15-0184
Distribution of Benefits from Child Tax Credit with $3,000 Refundability Threshold
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Detail Table - Elderly Tax Units
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2
2015 dollars)
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Percent of Tax Units
With Benefit
3
Without
Benefit
0.7
0.7
1.0
2.1
2.8
3.5
3.8
3.0
0.3
*
0.0
2.1
99.3
99.3
99.0
98.0
97.2
96.5
96.2
97.1
99.8
100.0
100.0
97.9
Benefit as a
Percent of After4
Tax Income
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Share of
Total Benefit
0.6
5.1
8.8
9.9
12.3
24.9
18.2
17.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
100.0
Average Benefit
Dollars
Share of Federal Taxes
Percent of
Federal Taxes
3
7
13
23
35
43
45
32
2
0
0
24
2.0
2.5
1.7
1.4
1.2
0.7
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
With Provision
0.1
0.3
0.8
1.1
1.6
5.5
7.6
21.5
17.7
7.6
35.6
100.0
6
Average Federal Tax Rate
Without
Provision
With
Provision
0.1
0.4
0.9
1.1
1.7
5.6
7.6
21.5
17.7
7.6
35.5
100.0
2.7
1.7
2.8
4.3
5.9
8.8
12.4
16.8
22.9
28.6
35.4
17.8
Without
Provision
2.8
1.8
2.9
4.3
6.0
8.9
12.4
16.8
22.9
28.6
35.4
17.9
Baseline Distribution of Income and Federal Taxes
by Expanded Cash Income Level, 2018 ¹
Expanded Cash Income
Level (thousands of
2015 dollars)
2
Less than 10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-75
75-100
100-200
200-500
500-1,000
More than 1,000
All
Tax Units
Pre-Tax Income
Federal Tax Burden
Number
(thousands)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
Average
(dollars)
1,967
7,651
7,280
4,538
3,685
6,115
4,239
5,649
1,660
230
175
43,684
4.5
17.5
16.7
10.4
8.4
14.0
9.7
12.9
3.8
0.5
0.4
100.0
5,719
16,498
26,363
37,061
47,837
65,630
92,416
144,242
296,571
733,498
3,662,362
81,831
0.3
3.5
5.4
4.7
4.9
11.2
11.0
22.8
13.8
4.7
17.9
100.0
154
285
738
1,578
2,829
5,778
11,424
24,247
67,995
210,031
1,297,494
14,590
Percent of
Total
0.1
0.3
0.8
1.1
1.6
5.5
7.6
21.5
17.7
7.6
35.6
100.0
After-Tax Income
5
Average
(dollars)
Percent of
Total
5,564
16,213
25,625
35,483
45,007
59,852
80,992
119,995
228,575
523,467
2,364,868
67,241
0.4
4.2
6.4
5.5
5.7
12.5
11.7
23.1
12.9
4.1
14.1
100.0
Average
Federal Tax
Rate
6
2.7
1.7
2.8
4.3
5.9
8.8
12.4
16.8
22.9
28.6
35.4
17.8
Source: Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center Microsimulation Model (version 0515-1).
* Less than 0.05
Note: Elderly tax units are those with either head or spouse (if filing jointly) age 65 or older.
(1) Calendar year. Table shows the tax benefit of the child tax credit with a $3,000 unindexed refundability threshold against an otherwise current-law baseline. For a description of TPC's current law
baseline, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxtopics/Baseline-Definitions.cfm
(2) Includes both filing and non-filing units but excludes those that are dependents of other tax units. Tax units with negative gross income are excluded from their respective income class but are
included in the totals. For a description of expanded cash income, see
http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/TaxModel/income.cfm
(3) Includes tax units with a change in federal tax burden of $10 or more in absolute value.
(4) After-tax income is expanded cash income less: individual income tax net of refundable credits; corporate income tax; payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare); estate taxes; and excise taxes.
(5) Average federal tax (includes individual and corporate income tax, payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare, the estate tax, and excise taxes) as a percentage of average expanded cash income.