Matakuliah
Tahun
: G0462/English for Broadcasting
: 2005/2006
Broadcasting
1. Radio
2. Television
3. Cable
4. The Internet
1
History of Broadcast Media
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The Inventors
Boardrooms and Courtrooms
Broadcasting’s Beginnings
Broadcasting in the 21st Century
2
The Inventors
• Marconi and Wireless
• Fessenden and the Continuous Wave
• De Forest and the Invisible Empire
3
Boardrooms and Courtrooms
• Legal Tangles
• Radio Goes to War
• Birth of RCA
4
Broadcasting’s Beginnings
• An audience of enthusiastic hobbyists,
thousands of them trained in radio
communication during the war, was able
and eager to start tinkering with their
crystal sets.
• Improvement during the war gave radio
better reception and greater range.
• Big business realized had broadcasting
might make money
5
Broadcasting’s Beginnings
The 1920s were a significant period for
radio. Early stations were experimental,
and the notion of broadcasting was
discovered more or less by accident. The
new fad grew quickly, and soon there were
hundreds of stations on the air. Radio
networks and radio advertising were
developed, and the federal government
took charge of radio regulation.
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Broadcasting’s Beginnings
The period 1930 – 1948 was the “golden
age of radio”, as the medium was the
prime source of news and entertainment
for the nation. This situation changed as
television came on the scene in the 1950s.
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Broadcasting’s Beginnings
Developed by Zworykin and Farnsworth,
TV was unveiled in 1939. After its
development was interrupted by World
War II, television quickly became popular,
and by the mid-1950s it had taken radio’s
place as the number-one medium in the
country.
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Broadcasting’s Beginnings
The FCC froze applications for TV stations
from 1948 to 1952 while it determined
standards for the new medium. After the
freeze was lifted, TV growth skyrocketed.
Networks dominated TV until the 1970s
when cable emerged as a formidable
competitor.
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Broadcasting’s Beginnings
Radio reacted to TV by becoming a
localized medium that depended on
formats to attract specific segment of the
listening audience.
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Broadcasting’s Beginnings
Television’s Fox network premiered in the
1980s, which cause ABC, CBS and NBC
further audience erosion. The ownership
of all three major networks changed hands
during the 1980s and 1990s. The
Telecommunication Act of 1996 prompted
a wave of consolidation in the radio
industry.
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Broadcasting in the 21st Century
• Challenging business climate.
• Advances in technology.
• The Internet.
12
Broadcasting in the 21st Century
The Internet and the shift to digital
technology will have an impact on the
future of radio and TV broadcasting.
13
The Impacts
• Provide models.
• Create and perpetuate stereotype.
• Influence our real-life experiences.
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