Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: M0446/Analisa dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi
: 2005
: 0/0
Pertemuan 14
Arsitektur Process
1

Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu :
• Membagi class menjadi component
2

Outline Materi
• System Process
3

Application Domain Analysis in Context of OOA&D Activities
System Choice
(Pre-analysis)
System
Definition
Analysis of problem domain
Requirements for use
Analysis of application domain
(adapted from Mathiassen et al , 2000)
Model
Design of components
Specifications for architecture
Specifications for components
Design of architecture
Now continue with this area of activity and its product
4

Dua Bagian dari arsitektur
• Component architecture: Struktur sistem yang terdiri dari komponen yang saling terinterkoneksi
• Process architecture: struktur eksekusi sistem yang terdiri dari proses yang saling bergantungan (interdependent)
5

Arsitektur komponen dan proses
Component Architecture:
– Classes
– Stable aspects
– Related components
– Logical level
– Structure for descriptions
Process Architecture
– Objects
– Dynamic aspects
– Coordination of processes
– Physical level
– Structure for execution
(Mathiassen et al , 2000)
6

Process Architecture
7

Main Activities in
Architectural Design
Analysis document
Criteria
Component architecture
Finally, we’ll look at this activity
Process architecture Architectural specification
(Mathiassen et al , 2000)
8

Introduction
• Now concentrate on objects and their involvement in processes
• Need to coordinate when have multiple processes with shared resources
– Processors
– Program components
– External devices
• Results:
– Deployment diagram showing processors, assigned components, and active objects
– Outline of solutions for coordination mechanisms
9

When & Why
• Not a significant activity for a simple system with a single process, e.g. a stand-alone system
• Critical for large systems, especially monitoring and control systems, & embedded systems
• May wait to begin this activity until component architecture and components are nearly complete
• May start this activity early with exploratory and experimental work, which heavily influences components
10

Terminology
• Process Architecture: A system-execution structure composed of interdependent processes
• Process: A collection of operations that are executed in a bounded and linked sequence
• Processor: A piece of equipment that can execute a program
11

Terminology (2)
• Program Component: A physical module of program code
• Active object: An object that has been assigned a process
12

Processes, Active Objects, and
Shared Objects
Process
1
Object
1 o
1 o
2
Potential conflict over shared program component
Process 2
Active object because it starts a new process
Object 2
Object
4 o
7
Process 3 o
8 o
3 o
4
Process 4
Object 3 o
5 o
6
Object 5 o
9 o
10
13

Concurrency
• True concurrency: When two or more events in the system’s context can occur at the same time and processes must support this (e.g. multiple users)
• Random concurrency: When two or more operations are designed to be executed at the same time (e.g. print in background)
• Don’t have any choice about the former
14

Principles
• Aim at an architecture without bottlenecks
– would slow down the system and cause problems
• Distribute components on processors
• Coordinate resource sharing with active objects
15