Journal
01
Man
VOL.3 no.1
wi nter
1971
LAMBDA
ALPHA
JOURNAL
OF
MAN
~
Volume3
number
1 - winter
1971
word
about
manuscripts
Papers submitted
for publication
corrasable
American
to the Lambda Alpha Journal 2! ~
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on non-
the pattern established
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Anthropol09is~.
All references
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must be correctlydocu-
mented with the author's name, date of publication,
the page number, e.g. (Smith 1969.340).
Editor
Lowell
Holmes
Anthropology
Dept.
Wichita
State Univ.
Wichita,
Ks.
and
Claude Levi~Strauss: the Anthropologist
as Everyman by J.R. von sturmer and J.H. Bell
1
The rollowing
Levi-Strauss
Bell.
by J.R. von Sturmer
We are graterul
from Australia
paper
is a guest paper
to these
for permission
for Lambda
on Claude
and J.H.
gentlemen
to print
Alpha members.
this
CLAUDE
.-
LEVI-STRAUSS:
THE
AND
J.
H. BELL
J. R. von Sturmer is the Australian Institute of
Aboriginal Studies Lecturer in the DepartlJ1ent of
Anthropology
and Sociology, the University of
Queensland, Australia.
J. H. Bell is Associate Professor of Sociology in
the University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
Let us suppose for a moment that astronomers should
warn us that an unknown planet was nearing the Earth
and would remain for twenty or thirty years at close
range, afterwards to disappear for ever.
In order to
avail ourselves of this unique opportunity, neither
effort nor money would be spared to build telescopes
and satelites especially designed for the purpose.
Should not the same be done at a time when one-half of
mankind, only recently acknowledged as such, is still
.so near to the other half that except for men and
money its study raises no problem, although it will soon
become impossible for ever?
If the future of anthropology
could be seen in this light, no investigation would
appear more urgent and no other could compete with it
in importance.
For native cultures are disintegrating
faster than radioactive bodies, and the Moon, Mars and
Venus will still be at the same distance from the
Earth when that mirror which other civilizations
still
hold up to us will have so receded from'our eyes that
however costly and elaborate the instruments at our
disposal we may never again be able to recognize and
study this imare of ourselves which will be lost and
gone for ever.
.
It is highly
origins
which
study,
ironical
tha~iocial
in the mid-nineteenth
even then were
the world
and destroying
in the process
of men.
to historical
the surface
of a painting
fragments
untouched,
bringing
new forms of social
only to destroy
owes
its
conditions
of corrupti·ng its field
Like a fungus
isolated
discipline,
century
anthropology
growth
spreading
but leaving
some as if by chance,
life to the notice
or contaminate
with
of
across
certain
others
perhaps
of the budding
its touch
the
variety
of its composition.
salvage operation,
the fragments.
unscathed
because
Anthropology
an attempt
Fortunately
because
anthropologist
more critical
of geographical
the whole picture
remain:
resisted
change.
others
But year by
become fewer, and the task confronting
than ever.
has traditionally
either disappearing
completely,
dispersal,
with the position
The so-called
as Western
the
today
societies
with
itself with are
under the influence
and other factors,
great and rapid changes
primitive
concerned
from
some left
inaccessibility,
becomes more difficUlt,
which anthropology
population
to recreate
some fragments
they have successfully
year the fragments
has always been a
of disease,
or ~ndergoing
culture overtakes
such
then that
they now appear to fall outside the realm of anthropological
research.2
Australia
dual process:
provides
the traditional
and it is suspect
only too ready an example
tribal groups which remain
to call any of them traditional
have such a long history
of contact with whites that none of
or other; as to the other aborigines,
urban fringe areas, and aborigines
and sociological
in short, all aborigines,
varying
positions
it appears
of one sort
living on reserves
or in
in name only, contact
takes
as. well as historical
both full- and part-blood,
stages along the path towards problems
are obliged
-
any longer -
the old ways of life can have escaped modification
on biological
of this
class structure.
that, in Australia,
are at
they raise and
to face are shared by other ethnic groups
in the Australian
dimensions;
living in
If, from this,
the process of decomposition
is
in its terminal
position
stages
in New Guinea,
of anthropological
although
the area,
holds
far advanced.
has "reached
prophet,
the point
is an important
there
where
us more directly
in slightly
if primitive
different
societies
terms
and which prepares
works
objectively
which
"savage"
him alternative
a wide
have
peoples
range of models
attribute
elements
borrowed
in the words
it which
will
But
will
one couched
different
level:
the anthropologist,
them, be able
experience
which
fieldwork
him fit to examine
scale?
ways
Western
to follow
he might
of technological
whose principal
vast numbers
from other cultures
contributions
him with
from which
the path
a type of society
to absorb
man and his
man is to shOl\'
of life, to provide
existence
~o
entails
One of the great
to modern
lead
ideas.
as the earlier
where
of
left to study,,?3
linked with
for social
is the ability
to yield
among
can make
and to create
have
it
fieldwork
chosen had he not decided
advancement
in
that anthropology
and at a somewhat
global
and viable
shortly
of Levi-Strauss's
him and makes
ona
role
to ~hich we shall return.
disappear,
subjective
for,
as elsewhere
Levi-Strauss,
a new question
who until now has conducted
live the highly
will
closely
to the heart
It is not so much
Here
it has nothing
question
is artother question
caretaker
Does this mean,
Claude
as a field
life may not be proceeding
seem that the anthropologist
its officiating
the
little promise,
fast in terms of Australia's
it is already
with
of the latter
very
of tribal
the field to the sociologist.
This
for example,
the futur~
studies
the breakdown
sufficiently
would
compared,
of heterogeneous
into a dynamic
and
· .. Unlike the natural sciences, the sciences
man cannot originate their own experimentation.
of
Every type of society, of belief or institution,
every way of life, constitutes a ready-made experiment
the preparation of which has taken thousands of years
and as such is irreplaceable.
When a community
disappears, a door closes forever locking away
knowledge which is unique.
However,
the anthropologist
to the anthropologist,
of life,
thought
to the extent
to those
might
drawn
but occurs wherever
or belief"S
that he will
to which
sometimes
groups of men which
exhibit
be culled from Australia's
of white-aboriginal
immediately
relations,
from Race and History
finds himself
man encounters
he is unaccustomed,
deny the status
them.
in
"ways
even
of humanity
This attitude
often
past, not only from the history
but from the state of affairs
reveals:
In the Greater Antilles, a few years after the
discovery of America, while the Spaniards were
sending out Commissions of investigation to
discover whether or not the natives had a soul,
the latter spent their time drowning white
prisoners in order to ascertain, by long
observatiog, whether or not their bodies would
decompose.
For the anthropologist
almost
"natural"
an operation
spending
active
"that
repugnance
which,
firstly,
a foreign
matter
how strange
the functional
institution
values
value
several
various
which
society?
on aspects
maintain
as important
has a part
this may appear
to accept
in itself.
custom
to make moral
societies,
beliefs
This
or
at
regard
as
in some
judgments
should he not
to his own society?8
is more willing
strange
because
and institutions
The
or
customs
institutions
Or is it that the anthropologist
customs
no
the anthropologist
such bizarre
If he is unwilling
with
in
life in his own society
and even valid
of life in primitive
which
or systems
to play,
they seem to contradict.
why should
for
facets:
the corresponding
of social
the same attitude
cultures;
as functionirig wholei
problems:
aspects
than simply
its validity;
of this or that foreign
when he is quite prepared
primitive
with
accomplishing
the synthesis
and to grasp
we call into question
once raises
cannibalism
to recreate
culture,
or odious
foreign
two different
and institution
in our society
question
ability
to see societies
each custom
his
them, combined
revolution"
towards
of this sort reveals
other words,
in which
to this "inner
outlook
the acquired
constitutes
involves
that will make him into a new man.,,7
is more
a sympathetic
real sympathy
with
this
than his own,
in their way of life, thereby
inner revolution
gaining
other
to Levi-Strauss,
time in contact
participation
that he overcome
to societies
according
considerable
But there
it is vital
to accept
he is less willing
to
Questions
such as these form the backdrop
L6vi-Strauss's
One wonders,
work
masterly·confessional
however,
how much
work,
the themes
ate due to his being ~ Frenchman,
despite,
his being
United
aspect,
States·of
Australia.
has in large measure
America,
would
is obvious:
area of the worldi
inhabited
things.
does not,
t cOlonized.
like wild
and ultimately,
However
Further,
It is
power,
resear~h.
of the vast
if. Eri tain or any
in taking over lands
it did not classify
but as things:
animals,
~
a function
it was because
things which
things which
things which
explain
colonial
'.
much this oversimplifies
for example,
the
countries· in Africa,
of anthropological
it is simply
as hum~n beings
could be hunted
as slaves,
..
peoples
in its
grown u~ in what
that the greate~t
power was undismayed
by nativ~
these peoples
in this
see this as' n·o·accident.
was at the forefront
other colonial
on the Wane.
as, and often
espe~ially
India, various
mote than mere coincidente
The reason
developed
as well
that anthropology,
Levi-Strauss
Great Britain,
~ World
of
an anthropologist.
It is ~ell known
empir~cal
to much
could be sold
could be studied
as
the situation
- it
the intellectual
forces
at work
in Europe
England,
which
led to the development
Germany,
and to a lesser
Spain or Portugal,
it contains
tendency
more
helps
on the necessity
"armchair"
account
like Frazer
whatever
raw material
the prevailing
Anthropology
willing
has
Australia's
first Chair
of Anthropology,
A. W. Howitt,
R. H. Mathews,
Gi lIen, Sir William
and others
having
achieved
high
almost
entirely
Spencer,
ever to look far afield
there were men
by amateurs
enquiry
with
Smyth,
F. J.
throtigh
population.
their
The
important
were
informants;
And
subjects,
or if one prefers,
these amateurs
for native
of
on the
R. Brough
in the native
sympathy.
of
W. E. Roth, John !'Ia
the',·
,
of objectivity;
is this:
demanded.
conducted
E. M. Curr,
interest
of objective
purpose
already
in close contact
a high degree
into
at the University
toward ethnographic
a keen
in the main,
degree
present
- attracted
conceived
living,
Baldwin
or recast
the
the date of the establishment
of research
had been performed
who were
and dig out the raw material.
marks
aborigines
to
lofty metaphysical
because
1925, which
the wealth
insistence
references
and Tylor,
fashion
Long before
Sydney~
absolute
to be woven
only progressed
to dirty their hands
the
sent from all round
intellectual
-
other human
elaborating
of information
empires
Certainly
and his scathing
to sit in their offices~
like so much
of truth.
in
and not in
coloni~l
to dehumanize
of fieldwork
from scraps
France,
for Levi-Strauss's
anthropologists,
constructs
world
societies
extent,
had vast
than an element
of Western
societies
content
all of which
of anthropology
point
rarely
they
8
for our
obliged
few of them
fieldworkers
formed
are·familiar;
part
in short,
of their normal
same value
experience,"
point.
or an equivalent
anthropologists
from countries
influence
anthropological
time, merely
L~vi-Strauss
;~owie, Kroeber
setting
calls
where native
to suggest
the constraint
himself
the
it, has the
living
in
as it does for
on their way of life.
profession,
through
whether
for the anthropologist
the Australian
no direct
One wonders
as Levi-Strauss
or signifi~ance
simply
daily environment.
We are led to a further
"ethnological
the ab9rigines
populations
have
The "ethnological
that it can arise,
of the contact
situation.
comes close to this realization
and Boas, he notes
that in America
in
when,
it was "possible
) \
to le~ve one's university
more
difficulty
than we encounter
Basque
country
koro,
a whitish
from trees,IO
and enter primitive
in leaving
or the Mediterranean.,,9
worm which
the eating
the same meaning
the Kaingang
of the witchetty
to a white Australian.ll
territory
Paris
no
for the
If Levi-Strauss
Indians
with
was
of Brazil
grub would
extract
hardly
hold
whether
they be cUlinary
essential
a whole
feature
the acquired
or as a system,
principles
or "mental
who formerly
College
debt,
de France
called
we have
already
suggested,
societies,
of existence
which,
because
adopt an aloof
perhaps
of these
anthropological
distinction
postulated
in various
and others.
says, ln effect,
especial
value
relationships
societies
part,
too, as
with
and
to
The third reason
is
on ~he traditional
or "sma1lsocieties,
Maine,
Weber,
takes up this traditional
Durkheim
distinction,
it in new terms.
of primitive
refers
of
him, it is hoped,
or "large-scale"
by couching
Part
and remoteness
"primitive"
societies
the qualities
and meaningfulness
to be found
in so-called
range of experience,
as it hinges
they exhibit
of authenticity
the anthropologist
the anthropologist
viewpoint.
that the study
because
calls authenticity
The concept
flexible
He
is of
of what he
to the highest
degree.
to the type of social
in primitive
a
however,
principles
forms by Spencer,
Levi-Strauss
it more
Immediately,
oblige
between
at the
has acknowledged
of anthropology,
his normal
Mauss,
of Anthropology
why should
present
as
structural
what Marcel
in the strangeness
and "modern"
basic
in his own society?
factors,
important
societies
but makes
than
and objective
the most
Chair
structural
which
outside
underlie
fact."
lies in the history
of primitive
scale"
these basic
rather
how certain
question;
as its
to grasp a society
L~vi-Strauss
social
another
societies
the answer
a personal
"the total
seek to discover
primitive
to perceive
and to whom
It involves
ability
categories"
occupied
we are faced with
modes
or any other.
societies;
primitive
are, to a far greater degree than the others, based
on personal relationshi~s,
on concrete relations
between individuals
. . . The small size of the
societies known as 'primitive' generally permits
of such relationships
and that, even where this is
impossible because the societies of this type are
too extensive or scattered, relations between
individuals who are extremely remote from one
another are based on the most direct kind of
relationshi~'
of which kinship is usually the
prototype.
our relations with one another are now only
occasionally
and fragmentarily
based upon global
experience,
the concrete 'apprehension' of one
person by another.
They are largely the result of
a process of indirect reconstruction,
through
written documents.
We are no longer linked to
our past by an oral tradition which implies direct
contact with others (storytellers, priests, wise
men, or elders), but by books amassed in libraries,
books from which we endeavour - with extreme
difficulty
- to form a picture of their authors.
And we communicate with the immense majority of
our contemporaries
by all kinds of intermedi~ries
- written documents or administrative machinery
- which undoubtedly vastly extend our contacts
but at the same time make those contacts somewhat
'unauthentic'.
This has become typical of the
relationship
between t~e citizen and the public
authorities. 13
principles
underlying
a more meaningful
application
social
life,
have
their organization
level.
generated
against
which
This
is borne
must be operating
out, initially,
a characteristically
the heterogeneity
at
by the
homogeneous
exhibited
within
any Western
societies
which
society
stands
it is as though
are probably
degrees
his various
other
roles
individuals
individuals
anyone
society,
that
language,
applied
exist.
Possibly
comparison
the process
parts
communications
one another.
be of so~eintellectual
harmonizes
to culture,
perfectly
network
of this there
seems
From here
have
that language
it is
of social
people
marks
to man, but,
as
maintain
this conception
f6r not only does
with his concept
often
to be learned
by which
To Levi-Strauss
from animal
no
a child becomes
or codes which
with his view
or any other,
of all aspects
satisfaction
a
some form of
a language.
languages
from nature
to them
the two phenomena,
whereby
life as various
neatly
common
the
in communication
because
between
step to conceiving
dovetail
The greater
genticulatory,
to that of learning
with
a set,
way of envisaging
Without
not a difficult
contact
to
but no two
A breakdown
convenient
it be oral,
could
of a vast
correspond
likely.
in likening
acculturated
operating
and with
constitute
the same set.
is, as a language.
to be a ready-made
extent,
the less the denominator
it is a very
whether
society
and which
of them.
increasingly
Certainly
or lesser
life
translated
individual
the same codes,
exactly
of codes
all expresses
human
sharing
every
those codes which
and statuses
sharing
multiplicity
becomes
to a greater
of success,
of social
the same have been
of codes, with
and understanding,
In Western
the basic principles
everywhere
into a mUltiplicity
varying
in sharp relief.
must
it
the transition
further,
of anthropology
as a
it
semiological
linguist,
science,
Ferdinand
the study,
de Saussure,
to use the words
of the Swiss
of "the life of signs within
society.,,14
than this might
objective
suggest.
The aim of every
and anthropology
science
is no exception.
is to be
The observer
must
The observer must not only place himself above
the values accepted by.his society or groups,
but must adopt certain definite methods of thought;
he must reason on the basis of concepts Which are
valid not merely for an honest and objective
observer, but for all possible observers.
Thus
the anthropologist
does not simply set aside his
own feelings; he creates new mental categories
and helps to introduce notions of space and time,
opposition and contradiction,
which are as foreign
to traditional thought as the concepts met with
to-day in certain brands of the natural sciences.IS
In other words,
anthropology
to the advances
made by structural
purpose
of analysis,
have
aims at translating
reduced
phonological
level,
oppositions;
vocalic/non-vocalic,
etc.
L~vi-Strauss
linguistics
all human
to a relatively
hopes
which,
languages,
small number
tense/lax,
to perform
social
life
for the
on the
of binary
voiced/unvoiced,
the same type of operation
in the social
capable
sphere.
of producing
Learning
Before
an extremely
to speak consists
meaningful
and of arranging
large number
considered
of sounds
serves
system.
system
them
vast,
The anthropologist
linguist",
to analyse
and to determine
of sounds.
of the society
certain
are
to which
in some meaningful
order.
one
A
combinatipns
the range
to create
it is
the sounds which
if not vaster,
the same purpose,
to speak
range
For a society,
open to it is equally
made
wide
is forgotten;
impossible.
learns
in determining
for the language
belongs,
a child
are
of choices
and the selection
a meaningful,
functioning
has to act as a sort of "social
the system
its underlying
of signs which
is society,
structures.
IV
It would
validity
even
of the comparison
to debate
of society;
social
be difficult,
the legitimacy
is, perhaps,
from the intensely
fieldwork
to the extreme
According
to L€vi-Strauss
in the anthropologist's
The first point
that fieldwork
is itself
never
by the anthropologist
aspect
the way
objectivity
to deny
the
and society,
language
or
as the model
an essential
part of
of Levi-Strauss's
in which
subjective
whatever
done,
language
of adopting
A more questionable
approach
transition
between
after all, language
life.
general
as some have
he conceives
experience
of his "social
antagonism
exists
the
of
linguistics".
is resolved
own mentality.
to be made
or hardly
in clarifying
evet involves
this problem
is
full participation
in the life of the society
being
studied.
and maintained
or unconsciously
to overcome.16
is impossible
it would
consciously
be expedient
Indeed
by the observer,
if it were not unavoidable
that this element
of "distantiation"
Anthropology
is
in a fairly comparable
situation to that of astronomy.
We would know
much more about the planet Mars if we could
walk on its surface instead of looking at it
from 35 ~illion miles away.
But this sort of
study would have to do with geography, physics,
chemistry, and perhaps even biology, and no
longer astronomy.
Indeed, astronomy can be
defined as the science which allows the
discovery of certain essential properties of
objects from which we are extremely remote.
The remoteness of these objects is
important in this regard since their
properties would be less easily perceptible
if we looked at them from closer range.17
Astronomy
and anthropology
degree
from the reality
simple
visual
in thinking
are frequently
as established
observation
bodies,
in Levi-
by astronomers.
of the heavens
that the celestial
linked
From
we would be justified
apart from a few
exist between
these
them.
realities,
which
the appearance.
for example,
the Pleiades
stellar
effect;
however,
cluster
comprising
addition
to removing
of the universe,
machinery,
temperature,
explaining
perform
if astronomy
discerned
social
behaviour
has helped
differences
make
between
appeared
similar,
strange;
it has universalized
where
size,
demoting
might
anthropology
In
into its analytical
which
at different
that the
it man from the centre
composition,
has helped
man from his
rod of all human
elements
whereby
be understood.
the universe
heavenly
has made
motion,
go far towards
Western
as the measuring
and arriving
is also a
for the real
around us; anthropology
operation,
from
coincide:.
light years.
has introduced
and luminosity,
of superiority
human
together
and with
~
of a line~of-sight
in thinking
fifteen
the earth
the universe
societies,
whole
colour,
at a far remove
group which
are close
exceeds
to establi~h
and appearance
such as distance,
an analogous
position
reality
be deceived
astronomy
concepts
always
form a visual
th~ cluster
of the group
se~ks
and not the result
we would
diameter
however,
are almost
Occasionally
genuine
stars
Astronomy,
the
But
more vast and
bodies
which
the world
man and discovered
formerly
of man "less
similarities
none was suspected.
To reduce
Strau~s,
the distances
we must penetrate
beneath
to the underlying
structures,
human
which
unconscious
Anthropology,
a psychology:
between
human
societies,
the concrete
to the structural
will
explain
as Levi-Strauss
freely
all human
states,
says Levi-
to the reality,
laws of the
social
behaviour.
is soon reduced
to
The further a way of thought is removed from our
own, the more we are condemned to seeing it in
only essential properties, common to all thought.
Consequently,
anthropology might collaborate
with child psychology and animal psychology,
but only in so far as the three disciplines
acknowledge that what they are striving to
do, through different means, is to grasp common
properties, which very likely reflect the structure
of the brain.18
microscope
explore
and dyes
beneath
contained
of the histologist,
or beyond
the normal
in this is clear:
anthropologist
to enable him to
perceptual
reality;
the only objectivity
can aspire must be achieved
through
in
to which
his own
the
stress
of fieldwork,
everything
from being
is foreign
learn to recognize
to him,
the prejudices
he must
own personal
which
background
grasp the Other
he shares
himself
with
with
Only
all other men
them.
and habits
analyze
the factors
have directed
More,
to discover
and which
He must
he has acquire~
him
in this way can he prepare
in the Self,
in which
and often hostilell.19
from his own society;20
anthropology.21
cast into "a world
in his
into
himself
that humanity
allows
to
which
him to identify
it allows him to break
the bonds
of
I became convinced that.
. Knowledge was not
founded upon sacrifice or barter:
it consisted
in a choice of those aspects of a subject which
were true - which coincided, that is to say, with
the properties of my own thought.
Not at all,
as the neo-Kantians
claim, because my thought
inevitably exerted a certain constraint on the
object under study:
but rather because my
thought was itself such an object.
Being '·of this
world'22it partook of the same nature as that
world.
test it threatens
to disintegrate
we can only understand
why people
at every moment.
think
Obviously
and act in certain
However,
the very fact that conversations
misunderstandings
warning.
and wrong
One of the ways
by expressing
i~portant
the same meaning
misunderstandings
occur,
relate
we read observer
in which
certain
of human
own psychological
structures
make-up,
of human
to interpret
history.
If
we can now see the predicament
of social
how far can he be
life related
and not to peculiarities
as far removed
thought
these
and preoccupations
finds himself:
thought
or
of which,
of the listener
that his interpretations
as a
But more
are the reasons why
in his own psychological
the anthropologist
mainsprings
words.
one of the principal
for listener,
serve
these is repetition,
in terms of interests
to events
should
in different
argument
is the readiness
what he has heard
which
of avoiding
for our present
undoubtedly,
interpretations
are so full of
to the
of his
from the basic
as the social manifestations
of
them he is observing?
If individual
reflections,
human mind,
psyches
or better,
it suggests
interpretations
and social
projections,
that there
danger
of basic
of misplaced
Anthropology
from an unknown
prophets
or fictitious
who tend to emerge
out of the desert,
has shown
we are left
source.
to a single
The
category
affinities.
in the English-speaking
of the grand theorists
of the
and that is at
Otherwise
then is that images may be assigned
on the basis
structures
value,
themselves.
of images, projected
are both
is only one level at which
can have any explanatory
the level of the structures
with a series
behaviour
world,
Kary
as it is
out of Europe
little willingness
like
to be
doctrine
label
we have
"the anthropologist
own mentality
what
just discussed
as Everyman".
on the world;
with
can only be intelligible;
himself
and which
than about the proper
we might
Part of the problem
endowing
with
with
revealing
subject
easily
intelligence
more about
of his investigations:
An analysis of his.
. work is illuminating
for it reveals an obsession with the nature I
culture opposition and the notion of alliance.
The patterns of Lfivi-Strauss's thQught emerge
clearly, but what of the Indians?23
The list of obsessions
as the "cerebral
could easily
anthropologist"
in his own image.24
be lengthened:
who wants
for
to cast the world
Allowing
criticisms
it would
for a certain
are not without
be wrong
involvement
anthropology
inevitably
have
to plead
fade
into insignificance
which
"armchair"
aloof
guilty
variety
of social
and empty
means
that form and content
of variations
analysis,
a more
republican
revolution
liberal
group
theme.
were
that the social
in all
whole,
The dry and sterile
ruled supreme,
a set
reign of
has succumbed
born of the
to pay for a more
comes at a time when
faced with
its future
social
of
the disappearance
must seek to ensure
field of interest.
Its future
one direction,
the study pf modern
Western
them, societies
primitive
and discover
and ac~eptable
with
to
approach.
This new approach
coupled
obliged
be that he has
and systematic
and the excesses
and
empty of content
constitutes,
are the price we must expect
anthropologyj
referred,
plentitude
of forms,
or community,
when kinship
regi~e;
the greater
are indissoluble;
a meaningful
and fruitful
societies
the remarkable
as his own it would
on a given
formal
alongside
For if Levi-Strauss
shown
its manifestations,
In any case, they
to whom we have already
any single virtue
would
lay at the door of those
life to a number
life of any tribe,
a pa~t of
charges.
would
claim
for
that all anthropologists
when placed
to reduce
of meaning.
On the other hand,
is so much
to similar
anthropologists
these
them only at L~vi-Strauss,
which
L~vi-Strauss
and prepared
of exaggeration
justification.
to direct
the personal
charges
degree
in transition.
a new
lies in only
societies,
However,
and
their
to
study according
to anthropological
major problems.
The fits!~Df
informationteadily
Sociology
solution,
has found one answer in the use
even as complex
as it does that a pheriomenon
as modetrt Western
society
can "be;'reduced
• 'e'
a not unmanage~ble
and:,more
.' -~.
,
claiming
of
presented
Stru~'tul'alism ideally offers another
.
acceptable
these is the vast weight
avai'1,ab~~and the diff~culty
it.
of statistics.
raises several
.:"'" ,:>
i
in processing
techniques
number of structural
•
~'
to
,<
princ:ipl.eswi thO).lt
~;: :";"
sacrificing,
ill the analysis,
any features
of/tIre
concrete
,{.
reality.
There
is a seconGproblem:
intim~te
large-scale
social
which
:"::',,~f'~'
.
0b j
with its
relatiohs~iP
.
.
ect
0f
5 tti,d y
,.wher e, in
....,
societies"
life which
if anthropol6gy,' is to retain
w,il1 it find those manifes'tations of
arebot,h
authentic
it ~ust continue{toconcern
and meaningful
itself?
and with
Happily,
despite
·r.i
.
t
the outwatd
of
impersonau.ly,
relationships
small-scale
relationships
of a more authentic
communities,
factories,
role:
clubs, and many others.
itself solely, to.."primiti\Te" societies,
.
society,
type play an important
Anthropolc)'gy never made -it its expressed
latter ttaditionally
in Western
intention
to confine
arid aithough
occli~ied
the position
.~,
the
of the major area
of inqtliry, the stage has now been reached where this position
·t:·
must shortly be usurped
whichoV~r
'W
modern
the last thirfy years,
ii
a steadilY
grciwihg intefest.
large-scale->societies,
anthropblogists
in
have evince~
,:,
How will this change of focus, brought
societies
with which we are already
in primitive
societies
this produces
doubt"
in the anthropologist,
affect the
of personal
be achieved
provides
ideas
counter
in th~ society under investigation2S,
this experience
revolution
in the "anthropological
in one society with ideas directly
and current
himself
familiar,
lies in the psychological
created by the confrontation
nurtured
to bear on
in the future?
to them
how will
Levi-Strauss
the answer in the first set of questions:
There is no reason to limit the anthropologist's
role to the .nalysisand
reduction of . . .
external distances; he can also be called upon
to take part . . ~ in the study of phenomena which
exist within his own society but which are also
charactetized by 'distantiation', either because
they concern only one section of the group and
not the whole of it~ or because, even though they
are of an over-all nature, they are deeply rooted
in the unconscious.
Instances of the former case
are prostitution and juvenile delinquency and,
of the latter, resistance to food or health
changes.26
This suggests
that there are differences
embedded
own society which allow for fields of experience,
in primitive
from it.
societies,
And undoubtedly
then certainly
the varieties
arise out of the differences
understanding,
in our
if not at
at a great distance
of social life which
would require
the same effort of sympathy
for their
demanded
of the
one lives never
fellows
have
always
exactly
involve
the advantage,
coincide,
a conflict
at least,
our relationships
between
in a study
with
ideologies;
we
of our society
that
.
And if diversity
social
organizatio~
purpose
education,
differences
While
rests
depends
employment,. etc.,
ever artive
at a complete
this is so, Levi-Strauss
or attitude,
understanding
believes,
its
tipon Khich
of age, wealth,
- must be reflected
belief,
"
corit~nds that
and differenc~s
-differences
of opinion,
upon which
- and L~vi-Strauss
- then the distinctions
the diversity
will
is the mainspring
our
class,
in
which,
as long
of other men.
the future
of
1.
C. Levi-Strauss, "Anthropology:
Its Achievement
Future".
Nature, Vol, 209, 1966, p. 13.
2.
C. Levi-Strauss, "Today's Crisis in Anthropology".
UNESCO ,Courier, No. 11, 1961, pp. 12,...17.
3.
Ibid., p. 14.
4.
Ib i d.,
5.
C. L€vi-Str~uss,
6.
Ibid., p. 13.
7.
C. L~vi-Strauss, "The Place of Anthropology
Social Sciences".
Structura1.Anthropology.
1968, p. 373.
8.
p.
and
16.
C. L~vi-Strauss,
Race and History.
Paris,
A World on the Wane.
1958, p. 12.
in the
London,
London,
1961,
p. 384.
9.
10.
11.
Ibid., p. 64.
Ibid., p. 140.
It would be tempting to find in the preceding discussion
the explanation for the relative lack of interest shown
. in A World On the Wane in the English-speaking world,
despite theelegaJlce of John Russell's translation and
its enthusiastic reception by th~ critics {notably Susan
Sontag).
.
12.
C. Levi-Strauss, "The Place of Anthropology
Sciences", op.cit., p. 365.
14.
F. de Saussure,
1960, p. 16.
15.
C. Levi'-Strauss, "The Place of Anthropology
Sciences", op.cit.; p. 364.
16.
Cf. C. Levi-Strauss, "Today's Crisis in Anthropology",
op. cit., p. 17: ."Doubt less, the property of anthropo logy
has·alwaysbeen
to investigate on the spot or 'from within'.
But only because it was impossible to investigate at a
distance or 'from without'·'. This pas 5 age makes eminently
good sense; unfortunately the translation completely
Course
in the Social
in General Lihguistics.
London,
in the Social
inverts the meaning of the original French which
might be rendered as follows:
"Doubtless, the
property of anthropology has always been to study
'from without', but only because investigation
from within was impossible."
Of course the anthropologist
has to live within
a society to carry out an ethnographic
investigation
into it; but this does not make him
an integrated member of· that society.
17.
C. L~vi -Straus s, "Un mode, des societes" . Way
Forum, March 1958, p. 28 (Our translation).
18.
C. Levi-Strauss,
"Sur Ie caractere distinctif des
faitsethnologiques."
Revue des Travaux de
l'Academie des Sciences Morales et Politiques,
ler Semestre, 1962, p.2l7
tOur translation).
See also, Y. Simonis, Claude L~vi-Strauss au
la Passion de l'Inceste.
Paris, 1968, Chapter'IV.
19.
C. Levi-Strauss,
"Jean Jacques Rousseau, fcundateur
des Sciences de l'Homme".
Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Neufchatel,
1962, p. 241.
20.
It has often been suggested that the anthropologist
should preface any monograph he might write with a
statement of his personal background so that
researchers might take any possible prejudices
arising out of it into account '. The situat ion is
closely akin to that of the psychoanalyst:
"The
p~inciple is universally recognized today that the
p~ofes~ional psychoanalyst must have a specific and
irreplaceable practical background,
that of analysis
itself; hence all the regulations require that every
would-be psychoanalyst be psychoanalysed
himself.
For the anthropologist,
fieldwork represents the
equivalent of this unique experience".
C. LeviStrauss, "The Place of Anthropology
in the Social
Sciences", op.cit., p. 373.
21.
If Susan Sontag ("The Anthropologist
as Hero".
Against Interpretation.
New York, 1966, pp. 69-81)
attributes L~vi-Strauss's
entering anthropology to
a feeling of alienation from his own society, or
"intellectual homelessnesslt~ Levi-Strauss himself
would perhaps add that this is so for many, if not
most, anthropologists.
And though this feeling of
alienation need not be a urecondition of his
choice of profession; the" anthropologist
is bound,
sboner or later, to experience it: "The conditions
of his life and work cut him off from his own group
for long periods together; and he himself acquires
a kind of chronic uprootedness from the sheer
brutality of the environmental changes to which
he is exposed. Never can he feel himself 'at
home' anywhere: he will always be, psychologically
speaking, an amputated man". C. L~vi-Strauss,
A World on the Wane, p. 58.
22.
Ibid., p. 59.
23.
D. Maybury-Lewis, Review of C. L~vi-Strauss,
Mytho10giques:
du mie1 aux cendres. American
Anthropologist, Vol. LXXI, 1969, p. 120.
24.
C. Geertz, "The Cerebral Savage". Encounter,
Vol. XXXIII, No.4, 1967, pp. 25-32.
25.
C. Lfivi-Strauss, The Scope of Anthropo10gX'
London, 1968, p. II.
26.
C. Levi-Strauss, "The Place of Anthropology in
the Social Sciences", op.cit., p. 378.
A traditional
Journal
thesis
feature
of the Lambda
of Man has been the listing
titles
partments
recently
awarded
in this country.
prove helpful
by students
in furthering
of anthropology.
Alpha
of Master's
by graduate
de-
We hope that it will
the exchange
of ideas
THE AMERICAN
UNIVERSITY,
Blumfield, Hanita.
with Reference
Hill,
WASHINGTON,
D. C.
"On the Concept of National
to Japan."
1968
Character
Robert.
"Intercultural
Understanding
and Planned
Change:
An Analysis of the Process of Interaction
and Communication between the Navaho and the Bureau
of Indian Affairs during the Stock Reduction Program
of the 1930's."
1968
McDowell, Ellis.
"Rupert Island and Eastern
CuI tural. Development."
1969
Rambo, Terrence.
Viet-Nam."
"The Dynamics
1968
Van Delden, Jettie.
Customary Law:
Law and Justice
of Refugee
United
Migration
.
in
If Cultural
Continuity and Changes in
a Study of African and Contemporary
among Bush Negros of Surinam."
1968
Windle, Jan.
"Feeding of Infants in Japanese
Urban Middle Class Families."
1968
ARIZONA
State
STATE UNIVERSITY,
and American
TEMPE
Dienhart, John Michael.
"Quich6
Perspective."
1970
Phonology
Morris, Nancy Tucker. ·"The Occurrence
at Gran Guivira."
1970
in Historical
of Mandibular
Torus
Simpson, William L.
"An Ethnographic Account of Yaqui
Guadalupe Compared with the Culture of Poverty."
BALL STATE UNIVERSITY,
MUNCIE,
1969
INDIANA
Ca tus, P.
"The Vis ion Ques t : A Study of "the Shamanis tic
Practices of Primitive· Peoples. II 1969
Catus, R. The Tibetal
tion."
1970
Chod Rite:
Finnegan, D.
"~emple Emanu'El:
Revisited."
1970
Problems
A Cultural
of Interpreta-
System
Gardner, J. "Shamanism and Necromancy
Spiritualist Practice."
1970
Hays, W.
"A Cross Cultural
Forms."
1968
Survey
Morris, B.
"All Archaeological
Indiana."
1970
in Contemporary
of Non~Nuclear
Survey
Townsend, S. "Distribution of House
Societies in Both North America
Family
of Randolph
County,
Types in Aboriginal
and Africa."
1968
Allen, Peter S. "An Investigation into the Validity of
a Fundamental Assumption of Archaelogy Utilizing
Data from New England Gravestones."
1968
Bartovics, Albert F. "A Procedure
Scale Artifact Distributions."
Clivio. Manjit
1970
K.
"Wife Exchange
for Studying
1970·
Smali
among the Taremiut."
Cornish, Steven R. "A Comparative.Study
of the Role of
the Male in Caribbean Social Organization."
1970
Dicker, June D.
"Kinship and Ritual
Verdeans· in Providence."
1968
Kinship
Gropper, Karen P. "Myth is only Skin Deep:
Study of Trobriand Myth."
1970
Hellmuth, Nicholas.
"Mexican Symbols
of the Southel'n Maya' L9wlands."
among Cape
A Structural
in the Classic
1969
Art
Hickey, Clifford G. "The Kayak Site:
An Analysis of
Culture as an Aid to Archaeological
Inference."
1969
Hickey, Lynn M .. "The Nunamiut
Perspective."
1969
Eskimos:
an Ecological
Losch, Alan. "Culture. Contact and Culture
. Highlands of Bolivia."
1968
McKean, Philip
Ceremony,
F. "Explaining Outward
Revitalization Movement
Change
in the
Bound:
Ini tia tion
or Play?"
1969
BROWN UNIVERSITY, CONTINUED
Stoneback, Martha. "An Ethnohistorical Study of
Acculturation in Plymouth Colony." 1969
Wyatt, David J. "Microblades from the Arctic Small-Tool
Tradition." 1968
Brewer, Christina. '~ttitude Change in Foreign Exchange
Students from Vietnam." 1970
Kuhn, William Danny. "Ethnobotanical Survey of Latin
American Drugs." 1970
CALIFORNIA STATE COLLEGE, LONG BEACH
Evans, Nancy Hoffman. "Tourist Contact and Culture Change
in the Banderas Valley, Nayarit and Jalisco, Mexico."
Lindsay, Jeanne Warren. "Orange County Atti tudes TO\iard
Human Evolution: A Su~vey of Attitudes Toward the
Teaching About Human Evolution in the Public Schools."
Munoz, Neva Jeanne. "Cuellar's Multi-variant Environmental
TYJ?ology: . A Cross -cuItural Tes t Focus ing on the
Ph1lippines."
Poss, Nancy VanDyke.
Language."
"An Analysis of the Mojave Indian
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Cooper, Samuel. "An Application of the Relational Aspects
of Systems Analysis to a Problem in Primitive Politics."
1969
Early, Daniel K. "The Role of Voluntary Associations in
the Assimilation of Migrants in West Africa and
Mexico." 1970
Habermacher, Andrew L., Jr. "The Social Function of
African Divination." 1970
Heymann, Ann R. "The Sukuma Re-examined;
Interaction." 1969
A Study of
33
Marchione, Thomas J. "The Returned Temporary Migrant:
An Exploration into the Reentry Experiences of ReturnE
Peace Corps Volunteers and Third World Student
Returnees." 1970
McGrath, Thomas B. "Anxiety and Conformity in Traditional
Micronesian Life." 1968
Chairamonte, Louis J. "Craftsman-client Contracts: A
Description and Transactional Analysis of these
Contracts." 1969
Crawford, Charlotte J. "Comparative Analysis of Nayar and
Rajput ChildhoOds: Attitudes Towards Succorance,
,Aggression, Authority and Discipline." 1969
Drexler, Susan S. "A Critique of the Anthropological
Method as an Instrument for Research on Human
Reproduction: A Case Study in Barbados." 1969
Frank, Sibyl B. "Comparison of Two Groups of Pariahs: The
Untouchables of India and the Eta of Japan." 1969
Karner, Frances P. "The Sephardics of Curacao:
Socio-cu1tura1 Patterns in Flux." 1969
A Study of
Kunin, Carolyn. "Culture Change and Indian-mestizo
Relations in the Tarascan Area of Mexico." 1969
Margolies, B. Luise. "Subcultural Diversity in a Mexican
Municipality." 1970
Roy-Choudhury, Dibyendu. "Physical Types in the IndoPakistan Subcontinent: An Essay in Physical
Ethnology of Pre-partition India." 1970
Young, Barbara E.
"A Physiological Component in Wichcraft.
1970
Nagles, Nancy. "Heat Treatment of Flint as an Aboriginal
Device for Easier Flaking." 1971
Hansinger, Michael J. "Tertiary Hominoidea from India
and Pakistan." 1970
Lane, Rebecca A. "Population Perspective in Osteology:
A Case Study." 1969
Langbein, Mary H. (Virginia). "Economy and Family
Structure, Port Howe, Cat Island, B.W.I." 1970
MacLaury, James C. "Archaeological Investigations on
Cat Island, Bahamas." 1968
Romfh, John Howard. '~icro-Evolution ih a Prehisto~ic
Alabama Population." 1970
\
\
Scott, Clarissa S. "CuItural Stabili ty .in the Maroon
Village of Moore Town, Jamaica." 1968
FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY". TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA
Benfante, Richard Joseph. "Kuru:
of its History and Causes.
A Critical Examination
II'
Bense, Judith Anne. "Excavation of the Bird Hammock Site
(8Wa30) Wakulla County, Florida."
Cockrell, Wilburn A. "Glades and Pre-Glades Settlement
and Subsistence Pattetns on Marco Island (Collier
County, Florida)."
McCall, Robert Dale. "An Examination of the Inheritance
Mode of Isoniazid Metabolism."
Penton, Danial Troy. "Excavations in the Early Swift
Creek Component at the Bird Hammock Site (8\\ia30)."
Bronstein, Nancy. "The Paradox of Ground and Polished
Obsidian in Mexico and Guatemala." 1970
Brook, Kenneth. "The Community:
Ethnography. IT 1970
The Basic Unit of
Drew, Benjamine. "A General Assessment of the Development
of Teeth in Children." 1970
Finkler, Kaja.
"Economic Activities of a Mexican Village
with Special Reference to the Role of Domesticated
Animals."
1968
Gutwirth, Linda W.
"The Role of Male Initiation Rites
Among the Walbiri of Central Australia."
1969
Lipp,
Frank Joseph.
"Ethnobotany of the Chinantec
Indians, Oazaca, Mexico."
1968
Michtom, Madeleine.
"Reaching
Density."
1969
the Limits
of Population
Scherer, Joanna Cohan.
"A Cross-Cultural
Survey
History and Functions of Human Castration."
Schonthal, Paul.
"Dwashiorkor and Culture:
psychic Relationship."
1969
Simms, A.
"Eridu Ware: .A Quantitative
Analysis."
1969
of the
1968
A Somato-
and Stylistic.
Tobkes, Gregory F. "A Thesis on Genetic InvolVement
Sexual Dimorphism in Teeth;"
19-70
Zeitlin, Robert N.
"The CUlturological
Science of Culture."
1969
Hellerman, Marcia.
"A Preliminary
Patterns."
1970
Kraft, Herbert C.
of the Miller
1969
INDIANA UNIVERSITY,
Approach
in
to a
Study of Aruban
r-lating
"The Archaic and Transitional
Stages
Field Site, Warren County, New Jersey."
BLOOMINGTON,
INDIANA
,
Alexander, Ralph.
"Racial Affiliations
An Eastern Siouan Tribe."
1968
of the Tutelo,
Cartwright, Phyllis.
"The Diminution of Authority
Status Among the Arawaks of Guyana."
1969
Fields, Brian Allan.
"The Phylogeny and Taxonomic
Classification
of Paranthropus."
1970
and
INDIANA UNIVERSITY, BLOOMINGTON, CONTINUED
Hollis, Sara Jane. "Idah--Sculptor of Benin:
and Personal Style." 1970
Court Art
Huenemann, Lynn. "An Historical Survey of the Music of
the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska." 1970
Jwaideh, Iqbal. "The History and Functional Development·
of Patrilateral Parallel Cousin Marriage in the
Middle East." 1970
Master, Warren. "Peasant Communities in Semiarid Turkey:
Traditional Values in a Changing Ecosystem." 1970
Schmidt, Elizabeth B. "Education for Change:
Problems and Results." 1969
Sonenschein, David W.
Methods,
"Patterns of Homosexual Friendships."
1968
Thayer, James E. tiThe Chad Republic, The Sara and Related
Tribes." 1968
Tomak,Curtis H. "Ab6riginal Occupations in the Vicinity
of Greene County, Indiana." 1970
Walstrom, Nancy Elizabeth.
East." 1970
"CollsinMarriage in the Middle
LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY, BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA
Delambre, Jules W. "Brokership ina Rural Sub-Community:
A Study in Group Relations." 1969
Hough, David L. "A Selected Annotated Bibliography of
Louisiana Indian Languages." 1969
Lyon, Edwin A., II. "The Savage, Andrew Lang a~d
Imperialism in Late Victorian Britian."· 1970
Stanton, Max. "The Indians in the Grand Cail1ou-Dulac
Community." 1971
~ICH1.GAN STATE.UNIVERSITY, EAST LANSING, MICHIGAN
Boughter, Charles. "A Comparative Analysis of Compadrio
In Two Portuguese Villages." 1970
But5!=h, Elizabeth.
,"The Ethnozoology
mackinac."
1970
Chern, June.
Taiwan."
"Chinese
1970
Immigrants
of Fort Michili-
in S. E. Asia
and in
Climo, Jacob.
"Protestant Sectarianism in Mexico:
The
Case of Los Judios Espirituales of the City of
Veracruz."
1969
Clute, Richard.
"The Physical Anthropology
of the Lasanen
Site:
An Early Historic Indian Population."
1969
Helweg, Arthur.
"Punjabi
Summary Structure."
Peasant
1970
Society:·
A Study
in
Orlosky, Frank.
"Comparative Morphology and Odontometrics
of the Deciduous Dentition in the Rhesus Monkey
(Macaca Mulatto), Olive Baboon (Papio Anubis) and King
Colobus (Colobus Polykomos)."
1969
Crannell, Marilyn A.
"Shell-Tempered
Pottery Vessels
from ,the Englebert Site, Nichols, New York."
Dunbar, Helene R.
"A History of Copper Technology and
Analytical Methods for Examining Ancient Copper
o b j e c ts . "
.
Farsoun, Karen A.
"Factionalism
and North Africa."
in the Rural Middle
Gavrielides, Nicolas E.
"Marion
Stabiiity in a Northwestern
Center:
Change and
Pennsylvania Village."
Grieshop, James L.
~'Urbanization an'd Integration:
Barriadas of Lima."
Hamzah, Junus Amir.
"Adat Law in Indonesia
logical Approach)."
The
(An Anthropo-
Ostrowski, Robert S.
"Chinese Social Organization
Nineteenth Century Th·ailand."
Pittman, Robert H.
"Dugout Canoe Tradition
Southeastern Woodlands;"
East
in the
Randall, R. A.
"Anthropological
Systems Synthesis:
Mathematical Methods and Metrical Mud."
ln
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BINGHAMPTON,CONTINUED
Schryver, John Ralph. "A Preliminary" Description and
Typology of the Pottery of Kgopolwe Hill of the
Palabora Area, Northern Transvaal."
Schwimmer, Brian. "The Development of Cash Cropping
among the Akan of Ghana. A Dynamic Approacp to
Social Change."
Scully, Robert T. K. "The Elgon Bantu before the
Coming of the Europeans."
Thompson, Charles Thomas. "Population as a Factor in
the Emergence of Complex Cultural Systems."
Azer, John. "Differentiation and Household Scale in
Four Mexican Rancherias." 1968
Ban, Peggy. "A Growth Study of the Cashinahua Indians
of Peru." 1970
Casselberry, Samuel.
Indians." 1968
"Ethnology of the Susquehannock
Conway, Donna. "An Ecological Study of.Some Variables
Affecting Skin Reflectance in a High Altitude
Peruvian Population." 1970
Dutt, James. "Population Movement and its Effect on Gene
Flow in a Highland Peruvian Quechua Community."
l~69
Frederick, RObert. "The Religion of Handsome Lake, the
Seneca Profit as a Nativistic Movement." 1969
Garruto, Ralph. "Pulmonary Functions and Body Morphology:
Selected Relationships Studied at High Altitudes."
1969
Gursky, Martin. "A Dietary Study of Three Highland
Peruvian Communities." 1969
Hoff, Charle:s. "Reproduction and Viability in a Highland
Peruvian Indian Population." 1968
Jacobi, Herbert John. "The Developmental Cycle of
Domestic Groups in Six Mexican Communities." 1969
Kilbride, Philip.
"An Ethnology Description of Household
Structure and Domestic Activities in a Mexican
Peasant Community."
1968
Mather, William G. III.
"The Aztec State of Otumba,
Mexico:
An Ethnohistorical
Settlement Pattern."
1968
Nourse, Stephen.
"A Study of Integrating
Mexican Communi ty. " 1969
Smi th, Ira.. "Early and Middle Woodland
Susquehanna Valley."
1970
Factors
.
Cultures
in a
in the
Teleki, Geza Paul.
"Predatory Behavior in a Study
Community of Free-Living Chimpanzees in Gombe National
Park, Tanzania."
1970
Weitz, Charles.
"Morphological
Factors Respecting
Responses to Total Body Cooling Among Three Human
Populations Tested at High Altitudes."
1969
Levin, Michael.
"Cluster Analysis
Study of Cultural Evolution."
Walter, Nancy Peterson.
Projectile Points."
Techniques
1970
"Owens Valley,
"Multiple
Almstedt, Ruth M.
Community."
1970
World View
California
in a Diegueno
Logan, Michael H. "Immigration
and Relative
The Tijuana-San Ysidro Border Station."
Kuttruff, L. Carl.
.Archaeology. "
Ward,
"Lower Kaskaskia
1969
for the
Deprivation:
1969
River Valley
Comer L. "The Economy as a Self-Regulating
Boxthe, Mexico, A Case in Point."
1970
System:
Casimere, Gerald Lee "Ethnicity: As an Element in the
Socio-Economic Development of Minority Communities."
1970
O'Grady, John Patrick.
Liberia." 1969
"Hospital Use Among the Kpelle of
Boyd, Stephanie Joan. "Latin American Students at Tulane
University." 1970
Cox, Curtis Jr. "Function of the Peyote Cult in Three
North American Indian Tribes." 1968
Green, Judith Ann Strupp. "Changes in Tarahumara Women's
Work from Prehistoric Times to the Present." 1968
Kostash, Janis M. "Indians on the Edge of the Spanish
Empire: The Yaquis and Mapuche in Relative Nativistic
and Revitalization (Latin American Studies)." 1969
Tessier, Althea Lennox. "An Investigation into the
Possibility of Indonesian and Pacific Influence on
African Art. II 1970
Truex, Gregory Frank.
1968
"Wealth in a Zapotec Village."
Fisher, Marshall M. "Impact of Colonialism on Indigenous
Social Organization: District of Keewatin, N.W.T."
1969
Gregoret, Gene. "The Trout Lake Cree:
Film." 1970
A Documentary
Hatt, Judith K. "The Rights and Duties of the Metis
Child." 1969
MacDonald, Elizabeth. "Japanese Canadians in Edmonton
1969: An Exploratory Search for Patterns of
Assimilation."
Nicks, Gertrude C. "The Archaeology of Two Hudson's Bay
Company Posts: Buckingham House (1792-1800) and
Edmonton HousellI (1810-1813)." 1969
Taylor, E. Fraser.
"Archaeology
of Central Alberta."
1969
in the Peace Hills Area
Van Dyke, Edward W.
"The Kitawa1a:
Responses in Central Africa."
A Study of Mi11ennia1
1969
Young, Mary M.
A Critical
"Religion and British Social Anthropology:
Survey of E. E. Evans-Pritchard."
1968
Cheney, Charles
1968
Clark.
"The Huaves
of San Mateo
de Mar."
Dussin, Eugene Gerard.
"Orientations of Mesoamerican
Structures:
A Study in Astro-Archeo1ogy."
1968
Hill,
Brian.
"Early States of Civilization
Pueb1a Area of Mesoamerica."
1968
Kaupp, Robert Colby.
"Ethnographic
Study
of the Sierra de Pueb1a."
1970
in the Oaxacoof San Pab1ito
Lew de Kreimerman, Sara.
"Estudio de contraste de
actitudes entre dos grupos urbanos referente al
control de la nata1idad."
1970
Lowe,
Gaseth W.
"The Olmec Horizon
20 at San Isidro in the Middle
Chiapas."
1969
Occupations of Mound
Grijalva Region of
Maclaury, Robert Ethan.
"Ayoquesco Zapotec:
Phonology, and Lexicon."
1970
Ethnography,
Morrissy, Edward Paul.
City."
1968
"Teotihuacan
as a Preindustrial
Stelzer, Eugene Alfred.
1969
"The Young
God of Monte Alban
Agenbroad, Larry D.
"Cultural Implications from the
Statistical Analysis of a Prehistoric Lithic Site
in Arizona. "1970
I."
Anderson, Adrienne G.
"From Family
Archaeological
Analysis Within
Tucson, Arizona."
1970
Baarson, Alice A.
"A Componential
Kinship System."
1969
Brown, Jeffrey L.
Point Form."
"Some
1969
Sources
Home to Slum Apartment:
the Urban Renewal Area,
Analysis
of Papago
in Variation
in Projectile
Cheek, Annetta L.
"Contact and Change in Historical
Aboriginal Sites in North America."
1969
Cheek, Charles
1970
Foster, Rand B.
1969
D.
"Tzakol
"Tetzoocan
Incised
Nahuatl
Ceramics
from Tikal."
Phonology,
Fry, Christine L.
"The American Age-graded
Study of Structure and Stress."
1969
with Lexicon."
Community:
Greginger, Ellen Marie.
"Topical Index for Some Spanish
Documents Concerning the American Southwest
15381700."
1970
Harrison, Gayle G.
"Coiled
Southeastern Periphery
1969
and Plaited Basketry From the
of the Greater Southwest."
Hsu, Dick Ping.
"Archaeology of the Arthur Patterson
Site No.1:
Mid-nineteenth
Century Indian Cemetary
in Southeast Texas."
1970
Rich,
Stephen T.
"Native Movements:
The American
Respond to European Contact."
1969
Indians
Schlict, Marsha C. "Multi-Ethnic Participation in a
Modern Festival:
The San Xavier Fiesta, Tucson."
1970
Thomas, Janet F.
"Navajo Weaving and Silverwork:
Change
and Continuity in Response to Contact."
1969
Thompson, Barry E. "The Archaeology of Northern Mesopotamia:
The Hassuma-Samara Period." 1969
Winheld, Mark J. "Pluralism or Assimilation?
Americans of Tucson, Arizona." 1969
The Mexican-
Wooley, Sabra F. "Processes of Role Definition in the
Field by the Ethnographer." 1969
Zubrow, Ezra. "Population, Climate and Contact in the New
Mexican Pueblos." 1969
Banks, Judith J. "Comparative Biographies of Two Pioneer
British Columbia Anthropologists: Charles Hill-Tout
and James A. Teit." 1970
Buckley, Patricia L. "A Cross Cultural Study of Drinking
Patterns in Three Ethnic Groups, Coast Salish Indians
of the Mission Reserve, Immigrant Italians and AngloSaxons of East Vancouver." 1968
Cruikshank, Julia M. "The Role of North Canadian Indian
Women in Social Change." 1969
Jorgensen, Grace Mairi. "A Comparative Examination of
Northwest Coast Shamanism." 1970
Klem, Frederick H. "An Historical Explanation of the Lack
of Class Consciousness in Brazil's Middle Sector
Today." 1970
Lind, Karin M. "Proxemics as an Aspect of Covert CultureAn Exploratory Study of the Spatial Dimension of
Social Interaction." 1968
Moser, Douglas S. "Social Structure in Village India with
Particilar Emphasis on the Ranchayati Raj." 1969
Mossop, Charles G. "Voluntary Associations in Traditional
Chinese Cities with Special Reference to the Hui-kuan."
1969
Ornstein, Toby E. "An Exploratory Study of Marriage
Termination in Tribal Societies - Using A Role-analysis
Approach." 1968
Quiroga-Antezana, Eduardo.
Investment." 1970
"Analysis of Risks In Financial
THE UNIVERSITY
OF BRITISH
COLUMBIA,
CONTINUED
Robinso'n, Reva Leah.
"The Children of Opasquia:
Study of Socialozation
and Society of a
Contemporary
Indian Reserve."
1970
Tryggvason, Gustav.
"Leadership
Community."
1969
Waterton, Eric C.
"Gambling
Coast."
1969
Welton, Michael R.
"Belief
Traditional Religion."
and Power
A
in an Ethnic
Garnes on the Northwest
and Ritual
1969
in the Edo
Willmott, Jill A.
"The Role of the Tlingit
Group'in Post-Contact
Society."
1968
Araujo, Frank.
"Three Models
Terminology."
of Basque
Middleman
Kinship
Bastian~ Beverly.
"Descriptive Ceramic Analysis
Caserones, Tarapaca, Northern Chile."
from
Crew, Harvey.
"A Lithic Analysis of Edgewear and
Manufacturing
Processes:
A Chilean Case."
Edwards, Rob.
The Prehistory of the Pui'mak Wintun,
Thomes Creek, Tehama County, California."
Hastings, Richard.
Project."
"The Architecture
Jensen, Peter.
Prehistoric Settlement
Valley in the Sutter Buttes."
of the Old Sacramento
Pattern
of Peach
King, Linda.
"The Medea Creek Cemetery (LAn-243):
Organization
and Mortuary Practices."
King, Pat.
"The Chinese
Society:
A Problem
Social
Extended Family and Industrial
in Social Organization."
Knopp, Phil.
"A Set-Theoretical
Aspects of Korean Syntax."
Formulation
of Some
McClanahan, Jim. "Analysis of Kin Avoidance
Relationships
in Sub-Saharan Africa."
Nance, Jack.
"Lithic
Examination."
Technology
Ralph, Kathy.
"A Cross-Cultural
Socialization
and Political
Children."
Ritter, Eric.
"Culture
Oroville Locality,
Sco11ay, Patti.
Monkeys."
and Joking
of 4-SAC-43:
Study of Political
Education of Young
History of TIE WIAH
California."
"The Effects
Microscopic
(4-But-84),
of Separation
on Infant
Williams, Lynn.
"Laboratory Procedures, Methods,
Analysis of Northern Chile Coprolites."
Flattery, Phyllis.
Philippines;"
"Aspects
1968
of Divination
and
in the Northern
Foner, Nancy.
"An Examination of Riots and Disturbances
in Guyana:
Implications for Theory of Social
1968
Conflict."
P1og,
Fred T. III.
Perspective."
Dalton, Joanna.
Su1utre."
"Archaeological
1968
"The Field Museum
1968
Surveys:
Collection
from
De Vore, Paul Leonard.
"Concepts of Sorcery and Witchcraft and of Their Counteraction
in the Region of
Lake Atitlan, Departamento de Solola, Guatemala. '.!
1968
Drummond, Julius L. "The Dream and the Dance:
A
Comparative Study of Ritual Symbolism and Its
Relation to Myth and Social Structure in Two
American Indian Tribes."
1968
Fritz, John M.
1968
"Archaeological Epistemology:
Two Views."
Hopkins, Joseph Waverly III. "Prehispanic Agricultural
Terraces in Mexico." 1968
Luchterhand, Kubet E. "Early Archaic Adaptation in the
Lower Illinois River Valley Region." 1968
Mayhall, John T. "Torus Mandibu1aris in Thule Culture
Populations." 1968
Blumberg, Joseph E.
1968
"Taurodontism:
Abiometric Study."
David, Kenneth A. "Socio-Cultura1 Change in the
Sinhalese Section of Ceylon: Cultural Innovations
by the Karava Caste." 1968
Eickelman, Dale F. "Wealth, Power, and Authority: The
Political Interaction of Nomads and Settlers." 1968
Livingston, R. Bruce. "The Meaning of Father's Brother's
.Daughter Marriage." 1968
Stone, Peter. "The Conkukedi: An Historical
Reconstruction of a Tribal Moiety." 1968
Dubetsky, Allen. "Migration From Villages to Urban Slums
in Turkey: Continuity and Change in Kinship and
Economic Relationships." 1968
Kemper, Steven E. G. "Lord and Sycophant:
Magic in Ceylon." 1968
Buddhism and
McGilvray, Dennis G. "Versions of Interface Conduct:
Notes on E. Goffman." 1968
Rodman, William L. "The Long Last Day: Towards an
Interpretation of Movements of Cultural Innovation
in Melanesia." 1968.
Davis, Marvin Gene. "Panchayats, Politics and Change in
Village India." 1969
Dichter, Thomas W. "Approaches to the Study of Markets
in Morocco." 1969
Friedlander, Judith N. "Malaria and Demography in the
Lowlands of Mexico: An Ethno-historical Approach."
1969
Fritz, Margaret C. "Description and Explanation in
Paleolithic Art: A Survey of the Literature."
1969
Arsebuk, Guven. "Contributions to the Biophysical
Anthropology of Anatolian Turks." 1969
Buikstra, Jane. "Perrin's Ledge Crematory: Method and
Technique in the Study of Fragmentary Remains." 1969
Fischer, Michael M. J. "Opposite Sets and Selected Masques
from a Rural Jamaica Point of View." 1969
Hagens, Elizabeth. "A Methodological Study of Taboo
Language." 1969
.
Labby, David.
"Kinship and Society."
1969
Owen, David G. "The Development of the Human MandIbular
Dento-Alveolar Arch." 1969
Boon, James Alexander. "Through Literary Correspondences
to Claude Levi-Strauss Exercises in an Esprit." 1969
Bachdahl, David Abram. "An Examination of the Meaning of
Kinship in Jewish Law." 1969
Grant, Lois C. "The Position of Women in Traditional
Muslim Society." 1969
Moffatt, Marston M.
India." 1969
Santolucito, M. Sandra. "Ceremonials and Social Structures
of Tewa and Hopi: A Comparison of Two Pueblo Groups."
1969
Stratton, Elvin K. "The Dental Anthropology of the
Kamarvik Eskimo Population." 1969
Walker, Sheila S. "Ceremonial Sprit Possession in Africa
and Afro-America: Forms, Meanings and Functional
Significan.ce for Individuals and Social Groups." 1969
Zurbrigg, John.
Community."
"A Critical
1969
Appraisal
Bernstein, Howard B. "Factional
Villages."
1969
Fabian, Ilona.
"The Concept
Ritual - An Application
1969
of the Idea of
Activity
- North
Indian
of Time in Zulu Myth and
of A Schutzs' Phenominology."
Fertik, Philip.
"On Some Contributions
of Max Weber and
H. L. A. Hart to the Anthropology
of Law."
1969
Heller, Karen.
Persona."
"The Cheyanne
1969
Contrary:
A Liminal
Hylander, William.
"A Roentgenographic
Cephalometric
Analysis of a Canadian Eskimo Population."
1969
Redman, Charles.
"Context and Stratigraphy:
for Observation."
1969
Rosen, Charles.
"Power
Town."
1969
and Politics
The Need
in an Ethiopian
Walpole, Nancy.
"Problems of Structure and Meaning
the Translation of Classical Nahuatl."
1969
Witherspoon,
1969
Gary.
Brumder, Mary.
Immigrants
Cook, Thomas.
"Ritual
Symbolism
"Church and Community Among
in San Francisco."
1910
"Social
Groups
Helfman, Patricia.
"Vertebral
Coast Indians."
1970
Korey, Kenneth.
Mon-Metric
in Mormon
in
Culture."
Samoan
in Late Basketmaker."
Variations
in North
1970
Pacific
"Characteristics
of the Distributions
Variations of the Skull."
1970
Reich, Alice H.
if Aspects
of Ethnicity:
Americans of New Mexico."
1970
The Spanish-
of
49
Robotham, Donald.
"National Integration and Local
Community Structure in Jamaica."
1970
Rogers, Leith.
"Aspects of the Concept of Self in Two
West African Tribes:
The Ashanti and the Tallensi."
1970
Rossen, Thomas.
"The Melodies of Speech:
From Myth
Metaphor to Scientific Investigation."
1970
Seeger, Anthony.
"Structure
the Odyssey."
1970
Varenne, Herve.
1970
"Social
and Change:
Classes
Wolcott, Diane.
!lNuer Concept
Realm."
1970
and
An Analysis
in American
of
Society:"
of Self in the R~ligious
Coronil, Fernando.
"The Cuban Revolution:
Ideals and
Praxis in a Revolutionary Process."
1970
DeMallie, Raymond.
1970
Johanson, Donald.
1970
"Kinship
in Teton
Dakota
"Dental Variability
Montague, Susan.
"Trobriand Cosmology
Birth Controversy."
1970
Culture."
in the Chimpanzee."
and the Virgin
Murray, Peter.
"The Adaptive and Evolutionary
of Cheek Pouches in the Ceropithecinae."
Significance
1970
Skurski, Julie.
"The Zapata Movement:
Ideological."
1970
and
Straus, Anne.
"The Cheyenne:
Communication."
1970
Social
An Ethnography
of
Zerby, Ruth.
"An Analysis of
Role of Personal Names
in Kinship Among the Plateau Tonga of Zanbia."
1970
Szanton, Maria C.
"Economic and Social
Philippine Market Place. II 1970
Interaction
Attinasi, John.
"The Conceptual
J. R. Firth."
1970
of Semantics
Theory
in a
of
Dabezines, Carlos.
"Fools,
A Cultural, Historical
1970
Fops, Fissures and Fringes:
Study of an Eccentricity."
Gosfield, Edward.
"Aspects
Tokopia."
1970
of Myth
and Ritual
in
Banta, Tanya.
"Sexual Dimorphism and Dichromatism
Platyrrhine Primates."
1970
in
Caldwell, Richard.
"The Teaching of Sociology-Anthropology
in the Cincinnati Public Schools."
1969
Fischer, Diane K. "Appalachian Migrants in Cincinnati,
An Investigation of Urban Kinship Ties."
1970
Hoskins,
Cynthia
S.
"Gorillas
in Captivity."
Hoskins, Michael A.
"Ceremonialism
Among North American Indians."
1970
of Subsistance
1970
Cycle
Huelsebusch,
Susan L.
"The Hutterites and the Old Colony
Mennonites:
Peasants or Farmers?"
1970
Kegley, George Bernard III.
"Prehistoric
Patterns in the Great Miami Valley."
Settlement
1969
Krasnow, Michael Arthur.
"An Analysis of Buddhism and
Economic Behavior at the Village Level in Burma."
1969
Moses, Mary
Art."
Carol Hopkins.
1969
"The X-Ray Motif
Precourt, Walter E.
"Poverty in Appalachia:
Historical Analysis."
1970
in Primitive
A Cultural--
Hyland, Stanley E. "The Adjustment Patterns of Migrant
Appalachian Women in the Labor Market of Greater
Cincinnati Area."
1970
Ashton, Guy.
"Early Adulthood and Mexican National
Identity:
Consequences of Migratings .by Yucatic
Adolescent Shoemakers to Belize, British Honduras."
1968
51
Scullin, Michael.
Indian/White
"Ethnicity
Community."
and the Local
1969
Press
Braun, Robert.
"The Archaeology
of Southern
During the Formative."
(paper)
1970
in a
Ecuador
Chance, John.
"Kinship and Urban Residence:
Household
and Family Organization
in a Suburb of Oaxaca,
Mexico."
(paper)
1971
Clark, Barton M.
Community."
"Library Response
(paper)
1970
to the Black
Cole, John R.
"Lithic Artifact Collection From Five
Manteno Sites on the Santa Elena Penninsula,
Southwest Ecuador; Analyses-of Preliminary
Fieldwork."
(paper)
1970
Danzinger, Nira.
"Some Aspects of Social Adjustments of
Foreign Student Wives:
A Study of Social
Interaction and Attitudes Among English, Indian and
Israeli Student Wives at the University of Illinois."
(paper)
1970
Davis, Martha.
"The Social Organization of a Musical
Evant:
The Fiesta de Cruz in San Juan, Puerto
Rico." (paper)
1971
Etzkorn, Sherrie Travis.
"Myth, Ritual and Art in Modern
and Primitive Societies:
A Selected View." (paper)
1970
Fein, Marcia Proctor.
"Forces Toward Nationalism?
NonTraditional Political Organizations
in Papua-New
Guinea." (paper)
1971
Johnson, Ellen Kinney.
"The Ethnographic Monograph:
Toward Description, Analysis, and Evaluation of an
Anthropological
Product." (paper)
1971
Key, Catherine.
"Latin America
Representative
Government:
Sectors." (paper)
1969
on the Road to
The Role of the Middle
Mandiberg, Susan.
"Reactions to Illness:
Saraguro Indians of Ecuador: Analyses
Fieldwork."
(paper)
1970
Millones, Luis.
"Aculturacion
XV 1) ." (pape r) 19 71
Among the
of Preliminary
on del negro peruano
(siglo
Luhuen,
Agnes.
"Middle Amazon
Indians."
(paper) 1971
Munson, Cheryl White.
"Description and Analysis of the
Ceramic and Stone Artifacts from the Hull Site:
A
Middle Woodland Village in Pike County, Illinois."
(paper)
1971
Wilkin, Judith Spence.
"Marriage Patterns,.Kinship,
Succession:
In An East Frisian Community in
Illinois." (paper)
1970
Artemel, Janice F.
"Nexpanateno:
Mexican Highlands."
1970
Bryan, Charles Gould.
"Mongols
Nomad-Sedentary
Intergroup
A Barrio
and
in the
and Chinese:
A Study of
Struggle.!! 1969
Evans, David R.
"A Comparison of Grave Goods from Two
Post Contact Coalescent Cemeteries in South Dakota."
1968
Gibbins, Ivanoel.
"Family Planning
India
1932-1966."
1969
Gilbert, B. Miles.
"Some Aspects
Techniques Among Prehistoric
1968
in Ambala,
Punjab,
of Diet and Butchering
Indians in South Dakota."
Grosser, Roger D.
liThe Snyder Site:
An Archaic-Woodland
Occupation in South-Central Kansas."
1970
Harmon, Rogert E.
"Thailand's
the Problem and Promoting
Howell, Norma A.
1970
"Potawatomi
Northeast Crisis:
Defining
Development."
1970
Pregnancy
and Child Birth."
Kasselman, Mary Jo.
"Somatotype Distribution
with Carcinoma of the Prostate."
1969
Katz, Paul R.
"An Analysis of the Archaeology
the Kelley Site, N. E. Kansas."
1969
of Subjects
Data at
Morrison, R. Bruce.
"Revolutionary Development Cadre:
An Answer to Pacification in Viet·Nam?"
1969
Oubouzar, Sharon o.
"Rural- Urban Migration and the
Growth of the Bidonville in Protectorate Morocco."
1970
Reyes, Petra M.
1968
Roark, Gretchen.
"A Comparison of Concepts of Illness:
University of Kansas Students from Venezuela,
Phillipine Islands and Kansas."
1968
Roback, Katherine R.
"An Ethnographic
Coast Jamaican Revivalist Cult."
Rogers, Richard
1969
Study of a North
1969
A.
Sahli, Omar.
"Some Social Aspects of Fassato A Nafusah
Berber Community in Western Libya."
1970
Shermis, Stewart.
"The Paleopathography
of the Leavemvorth
Site (39C09), Corson County, South Dakota."
1969
Smith, Robert C. "Some Problems of Modernization
Pacific Island Setting."
1970
Zeller, Edith V.
"The Changing
State Psychiatric Hospital
Treatment."
1968
Cain,
in a
Social Structure of a
and Its Relevance for
Steve.
"Cooperation in Appalachia.
An Examination
of the Interpersonal Relationships and Cooperative
Change in a Mountain Hollow Neighborhood."
1970
Freeland, Jeff.
"CuI ture Contact and the Growth of PanIndianism Among Three Southern Plains Tribes."
1970
Keller, John E.
"The Vertebrate Fonnal Remains from Th'O
Mississippian
Sites in the Green River Drainage of
Kentucky."
1970
Roberts, Julia S. "Social
Eddyville, Kentucky."
Rosensteil, Ronald.
Rural Household
1970
Change Through
1968
Relocation:
"Factors Affecting the Purchase of
Water in a Northern Kentucky County."
UNIVERSITY
OF KENTUCKY,
CONTINUED
Smith, Clarles.
"Anticipations
of Change:
A SocioEconomic Description of a Kentucky County Before
Reservoir Construction."
1970
Stoffle, Richard.
"Barbadian Social Networks:
An
Analysis of Male Clique and Family Participation."
1969
Turner, Allen.
"Comparative Analysis of Institutional
Differentiation
in Kentucky and Peru."
1970
Harvey, Susan Macculloch.
"The Convergence of Cultures
in the Sixteenth Century Indian Missions of
Massachusetts."
Kennedy, John Charles. "Social Change and the Growth of
Associations Among the Eskimos of Northwest Alaska."
Mielke, James Huning.
"Trabecular Involution in Femoral
Heads of a Prehistoric Population from Sudanese
Nubia."
Mulcahy, F. David.
"A Preliminary Ethnoscientific
of Puerto Rican Folk Medicine."
Analysis
Zube, Margeret Jean.
"Value Orientation,
Behavioral and
Techno-Economic
Shifts and Their Relationships to
Changing Roles for Women."
Chow, W. S. "The Chinese Community in Malaya:
A
Documentary Study of Social Change in a Plural
Society."
1968
Driben, Paul.
"Ojibwa and Jewish Children:
Study of N-Achievement."
1969
Dyck,
Ian G. "Two Oxbow Settlement
Saskatchewan."
1970
Types
A Comparative
in Central
UNIVERSITY
OF MANITOBA,
CONTINUED
Joyes, Dennis C. "The Avery Site at Rock Lake:
A
Prehistoric Campsite in Southwestern Manitoba."
1969
Kerri, James
Resource
N.
"Fort McMurray:
One of Canada's
Frontier Towns."
1970
Landa, Michael J.
"Eastervi1le:
A Case Study in the
Relocation of a Manitoba Native Community."
1969
Leonoff, Leslie M.· "The Identification,
and Sources of Lithic Raw Materials
Archaeological
Sites."
1970
Meyer, David.
"Pre-Dorset
Gully Site."
1970
Settlement
Distribution
in Manitoba
at the Seahorse
Syms, Leigh.
"The McKean Complex as a Horizon Marker
in Manitoba and on the Northern Great Plains."
1969
King, Ann Culmer.
"Acceptance and Non-Acceptance
of
American Culture on the Part of Married and
Unmarried Indian Students at the University of
Mississippi."
1970
McGahey, Samuel O. "An Archaeological
Survey
Sites in Sardis Reservoir."
1968
Nash,
Charles.
"Residence Patterns:
Middle Mississippian
Settlement
of Certain
An Intermediate
Pattern."
1968
Ah1er, Stanley.
"Projectile Point Form and Function
Rodgers Shelter, Missouri."
1970
at
Buzzard, Shirley.
'~uantitative Space as a Function
Social Relationships in an Enclosed, NaturallyFormed Group of Rhesus Monkeys."
1968
of
Calabrese, Francis.
"Doniphan
Hypothesis."
1969
Phase Origins:
An
Falk, Carl R.
Remains."
"Factor Analysis
1970
of Missouri
Vertebrate
Geier, Clarence R., Jr.
"The Classification
and Analysis
of a Central Missouri 'Hopwell' Lithic Industry."
1969
Hopgood, James Finley.
"Continuity and Change in the
Baytown Pottery Tradition of the Cairo Lowland,
Southeast Missouri."
1969
Lippincott, Kerry Alan.
"Ceramics Analysis--Upper
Knifeheart Region, N. Dakota."
1970
Maserang, Catherine H.
"The Political System of
Tanzania:
An Attempt at an Explanatory Model."
1969
McCormick,
1968
Paul.
Mertz, Ronald E.
Seminoles."
Mori,
John.
"Employment
1970
"Hopi Silversmithing."
Mori, Joycelyn.
"The Revival
Crafts."
1968
O'Neill, Thomas.
"Weights
Study."
1968
Paguio, Nona A.
1969
Vis, Robert
1968
Termination
B.
"A Little
1968
of American
and Measures:
"An Inves tigation
of the Florida
Indian Arts
and
A Cross-Cultural
of Waray
Phonology."
Sioux Mill Creek Sequence."
Ward, Henry Trawick.
"Mississippi
City Area."
1969
Influence
in the Kansas
Ziff, Edward L.
"An Investigation into Primate Phylogeny
Utilizing Comparative Serum Chemistry."
1970
Fredlund, Dale.
"The Vision Quest Site and Recent Vision
Practices Among the Crow Tribe of Montana."
1970
Stevens, Carol A. "Crow and Cheyenne Women: Some
Differences in their Roles as Related to Tribal
History." 1969
Tro, Roger P. "The Provenience of the Kutenai: A
Preliminary Delineation of Cross-Culturally
Comparative Traits." 1968
Wilkerson, Mike.
1968
/
/
/
UNIVERSITE DE MONTREAL, MONTREAL, CANADA
Allard, Jean.
1968
Bartieu, Claude. "Organisation economique et organisation
familiale dans une lIe antillaise." 1968
Guedon, Marie-Fran~oise.
1968
"Activities feminines esquimaudes."
Guyon, Louise.
1968
Marois, Rober. L'archeologie des provinces d'Ontario et
du Quebec." 1968
Mayer, Francine.
Belanger, Pierre.
1968
Sicotte, Alfred.
Cuba."
a
"Essai de classification de pilons."
"Regionalisation aux I1es-de-la-Madeline."
"Une cooperative des credit et de services
Barre, Georges. "Reconnaissance archeologique ~ Wakeham
Bay, (Nouveau-Quebec)." 1969
Brault, Marie-Marthe. "Oratoire St-Joseph du Mont-Royal.
Etude d'un sanctuaire de pelerinage catholique." 1969
Corbeil, Andre. "St-Fran~ois:
(Guadeloupe)." 1969
village de pecheuys
Daigle, Gerard. "Changements socio-cu1ture1s dans une
communaute de pecheuys: Bassin." 1969
Rousseau, Jerome. "L'adoption chez 1es Esquimaux Tunnermint
('Pond Inlet', T.N.O.)." 1969
Dagenais, Huguette. "Une plantation
Guadeloupe."
1969
de canne a sucre en
Dandurand, Ren~e B.
"Millenarismes
coloniaux et traditions
anthropologiques:
une approche critique."
1969
Desmarais, Jean-Claude.
"Analyse multidimensionnelle
des
effets de l'endogamie sur la variabilit~ des caract~res
anthropometriques
de la population Bedik (Senegal
oriental)."
1969
Godin, Claude.
"Intermediaires
et acculturation
Smith et Hay River, T. N. 0."
1969
Goulet, Jean-Pierre.
"Les veill€es a. Ripon:
chanson dans son milieu."
1969
Hirbour, Rene.
"Etude de trois niveaux
sociale d'une societe de chasseurs
Kitchezagik Anichenabe."
1969
Klein, Richard.
"Analyse du systeme
de la communaute Yavapai -Apache
1969
Lescarbeault,
Gerald.
"Cooperation
Iles-de-la-Madeleine."
1969
Letellier, Marie.
"La culture
une etude de cas."
1969
Levy, Joseph.
"Etude
interpersonnelles
1969
Fort
Etude de la
d'integration
cueilleurs:
de relations sociales
de Clarkdale, Ari zona.
et Cooperatives
de la pauvrete
aux
~ Montreal:
"Evolution
1969
urbaine
de la consanguinite
a.
en
llIsle-
Savoie, Donat.
"Groupes de jeunes chez les esquimaux de
Port Noveau Quebec (kangirsualujjuaq)
P. Q."
1969
Vallee, Paul-Emile. /
une communaute
,
Laplante,
Andre.
'I
comparative des relations
dans trois communautes martiniquaises."
Philibert, Jean-Marc.
"Un cas de migration
Guadeloupe."
1969
Philippe, Pierre.
aux-Coudres."
a
"Changements socio-economiques
Serer."
1969
dans
/
UNIVERSITE
/
DE MONTREAL,
CONTINUED
Larose, Serge.
"L'Organisation
de travail
pEkheurs de Marie-Galante."
1970
Lefebvre, Madeleine.
"(Tshakabesh)
naskapi."
1970
chez
les
un recit montagnais-
Saint-Pierre, Madeleine.
"Probl~mes de diglossie dans un
village martiniquais.
Etude socio-linguistique."
1970
Beaudry, Serge.
la parente
Grunel, Gilles.
1970
"Pointe-Rouge,
etude de la famille et de
dans une paroisse acadienne."
1970
"Le Franfais
radiophonique
~ Montreal."
Chalifoux, Jean-Jacques.
"L'Ilet Awara.
Etude d'un village
d'immigrants javanais en Guyane fran~aise et du r61e
du leadership dans leur organisation sociale."
1970.
Grahan, Suzanne;
"Le Lareinty:
~ la Martinique."
1970
Robitaille,
1970
Yvonne.
Un cas de reforme
"Longue-Dune,
Famille
et Parent~."
"The Chieweyan Indians of Camp lO--Churchill,
A Short Ethnography.'
1968
"A Discus'sion of Some Current
Evolution of Language."
Theories
1968
fonciere
Manitoba:
on the Origin
and
"The Fire, Bull, and Salstice Fiestas of Saria (Spain)
and Afro-Asian Parallesl:
A Documentary Study in
Ethnoprotohistory."
1968
"A Grammatical
"Pleistocene
Origins
Sketch
of Remo:
A Munda
Language."
1968
Man in East Asia:
An Inquiry into the
of the Mongoloyd Race."
1968
"Population, Anthropology,
Caribbean:
Guide to the Literature."
1968
An Overview
"A Comparative Synthesis of the Ceramics
Atlantic States Region."
1968
and
of the Middle
"Test Excavations at the Lock Site,
County, Florida."
1968
"Eskimo Adolescents'
1968
Perception
(8JE57), Jefferson
of Their Future
Role."
"An Ethnographic Account of an Urban Canadian Eskimo
Community and the Problem of Extra-Martial
Sexuality."
1968
"The Archaeology
"A Prologue
at the Roosevelt
to Anthropological
#2 Site."
Studies
"Family Organization in an Urban
Community."
1969
of Bermuda."
1968
Port-of-Spain
"The Role of the Group in the Folk Healing
1969
"Community and Leadership Among
of Schefferville, Quebec."
1968
Practice."
the Fort Chimo
1969
Indians
"A History of Social-Cultural Adaption and Population in
the Sertao Do Sau Froncisco, Pernambuco, Brazil."
1969
"Shango:
A Modernizing
\
1969
"Shouting for the Lord:
1969
"Terminology
Used
Cult in Trinidadian
Society."
A Black Rite of Modernization."
in Selected
Local
"The Pisgah Culture and its Place
the Southern Appalachians."
Settings."
1969
in the Prehistory
1970
of
.
"The Social Position of the Maori University Graduate:
A Reconsideration
of Some Theories of Acculturation
and Identity."
1970
"The Problem
of Type in North American
Archaeology."
"The Adaptation of the Montagnais-Naskapi
in Schefferville."
1970
"A Grammar
1970
of the Ojibwa
Language:
Indians
1970
to Life
The Severn Dialect."
"A Social and Demographic Comparison
Shoshoni Indian Reservations."
"Shell Midden Sites of the Harkers
Area, North Carolina."
1970
of Two Nevada
1970
Island-North
"An Exploratory Study of Rural Mexican
in Transition."
1970
Health
River
Practices
"Archaeological
Skeletal Material:
A Study in the
Methods of Excavation, Preservation,
Reassembly
and Analysis,"
1970
"Salt
as an Ecological Factor in the Prehistory
Southeastern United States."
1970
of the
"Archaeological
Resources of the New Hope Reservoir
North Carolina."
1970
UNIVERSITY
OF PENNSYLVANIA,
PHILADELPHIA,
PENNSYLVANIA
Aguilera, Francisco, "The Italian Market:
Spatial
Nucleus of a Community Within a Metropolis."
1968
Anderson, Jon.
"Little Community in. the Big City:
Organization and Community Culture in an Urban
Neighborhood."
1969
Anderson, William P.
"The Building of an Ancient
tamian Temple as a Religious Ritual."
1970
Bauman, Richard.
"Aspects of Quaker
in God's Truth."
1968
Area,
Social
Mesopo-
Rhetoric: ' An Essay
Blaine, Helen.
"A Roentgenographic
Cephalometric
Study
of the Cranial Base and Mid-Face in Norma Lateralis."
1968
Bronson, Bennet.
"Roots
Maya."
1968
and Subsistence
of the Ancient
Cynkin, Simme.
"Towards a Hierarchy of Values, An
Exploration of the Literature of the Past Two Decades
and of a Methodology for Constructing an Hierarchial
Scheme of Values."
1970
Daher, Ayse.
"A Study
in Late Third and
Northeast Iran as
During 1931-32."
Ferree, Louisa.
Preliminary
1968
of Grave Groups from Tureng Tepi
Early Second Millennia B. C. in
Reconstructed
from the Excavations
1969
"The Censors of Tikal, Guatemala:
A
Sequence of the Major Shape-Types."
Fidler, Richard C. "Cognatic Descent Systems:
Introductory Bibliography."
1968
Franklin, B. Benjamin.
Indian Brahmins."
Gold,
"The Anthropology
1968
An
of Central
Barbara.
"The Hartranft Community Corporation
Experience:
The Culture Broker Concept and the Role
of Community Patterns and Values in Operating the
Neighborhood
Services Program."
1970
Greene, Virginia.
"Type-Frequency
and Similarity
Seriation in American Archaeology:
A Critical
Review,." 1968
Hesser, Jana Earl.
"Historical, Demographic, and
Biochemical Studies on Sapelo Island, Georgia."
1970
Johnson, Marquerite.
Anthropology."
"African
1970
Ke1lers, James McW.
"A Review
Archaeological
Literature
Campeche, Mexico."
1968
Kopper, John Stephen.
Muleta Mallorca,
Marriage
in Law and
of the Published'
on the Island of Jaina,
"The Stratigraphy
Spain."
1969
of the Cave of
Kornfie1d, William.
"A Concept of Community
Social Change in Capinota."
1968
Lehavy, Yechie1.
Nomenclature
Cha1colithic
1970
Culture
and
"An Examination of the Pottery
of the Transitional Period from the
to the full Bronze Age in Palestine."
McCollough, oMajor.
"The State of Prehistoric Archaeology
in Morocco, Spanish Sahara, Mauritania, Mali, Gambia,
Portuguese Guinea, and Senegal."
1969
McGrath, Kerry C. "A Model for the Use of Ethnographic
Data in the Analysis of Prehistoric Activities."
1970
Puleston, Dennis.
"Brosimum Alicastrum as a Subsistence
Alternative for the Classic Maya of the Central
Southern Lowlands."
1968
Puleston, Olga S. "Functional
Kit from Tikal."
1969
Analysis
Raper, Marilyn.
"A Study of Intra-Human
Pleistocene."
1968
of a Workshop
Killing
Tool
in the
Schroeder, Gail.
"Hotel Plaza, an Early Historic
with a Long Prehistory."
1968
Site
Thatcher, John.
"A Review of the Ceramic Evidence for the
Archaeological
Sequence of the Maranon Basin and the
Calldjon de Huyalas, Peru."
1968
Van Ness, John R.
"The Prehistory·of
Drainage, New Mexico."
1969
Wever, Gayle.
"The Spurious
Megalithic Associates."
the Chama River
Eye-Goddess
1968
Yamamoto, Yoshiko.
"The Nemahage:
Northeast of Japan."
1969
and Her
A Festival
in the
Cook Charles Eugene.
"A Study of the Internalization
a Cultural Conflict."
1968
of
Jones, Buddy Calvin.
"The Kinsloe Focus:
A Study of
Seven Historic Caddo an Sites in Northeast Texas."
1968
Jones, David Earle.
1968
Moore, Jackson
1968
Ward.
"Sanapia:
Comanche
The Archaeology
Medicine
of Bent's
Woman."
Old Fort."
Wyckuff, Don Gale.
"The Archaeological
Sequence in the
Broken Bow Reservoir Area, McCurtain County, Oklahoma."
1968
Israel, Stephen. "Re-Examination of the Cookson Site and
Prehistory of Tenkiller Locale in Northeastern
Oklahoma." 1969
McWilliams, Kenneth Richard. "Physical Anthropology of
Wann and Sam, Two Fourche Maline Sites in Eastern
Oklahoma." 1969
Stahl, Robert John. "A Characterization of a Localized
Japanese-American Population in Los Angeles." 1970
Diecker, Jimmy Carl.
Mexico." 1971
"Culture Change in Cordova, New
Hofmeister, Jon F. "A Statistical Analysis of Culture
Change among Fourteen Plateau and California Indian
Groups." 1968
Weber, Kenneth R. "Economy, Occupation, Education and
Family in a Tri-Ethnic Community." 1968
,Robbins, Lynn A. "Reservation Blackfeet Family Households:
The Piegan of Northern Montana." 1969
~Handwerker, Winston Penn. "A Preliminary Study of the
.
Bassa Community, Monrovia, Liberia." 1969
Cooper, Yronne M.
1969
"Northern Northwest Coast Indian Trade."
Fantel, Alan G. "Social Grooming in a Troop of Confined
Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)." 1969
Grayson, Donald K. "The Tigalda Site:
Midden." 1969
An Eastern Aleutian
Gehr, Elliott A. "A Description of the Artifact Collection
from Kukak Bay, Alaska." 1970
Colvin, John H. "The Marshal-Seaman Artifacts: A Prehistoric
Artifact Collection from Fort Rock Valley, Central
Oregon." 1970
Hubbard, Lyle T., Jr. "An Analysis and Evaluation of
Australopithecine Taxonomy." 1970
Miller, F. Eugene.
"Long Tom River Archaeology,
Willamette Valley, Oregon."
1970
Sheldon, Craig
Mindanao,
T., Jr.
"The Archaeology
Philippines."
1970
of Inatao Cave,
Rodewald, Constance M.
"The 1955 'Classification of
Culture Contact Situations:' A 1970 Revision."
1970
Southard, Michael D.
"A Study of Two Northwest
Populations."
1970
Housepit
EI-Biblawy, Aziza.
"An Analysis of the Egyptian Family
Planning Program, with Considerations
for "Potential
Cultural Change."
1969
Benfer, Alice N. H.
"Clustering for Maximal Artifact
Class Association the Evidence from Ocotillo Cave,
Val Verde County, Texas."
Brayshaw,
Thomas C.
Basin."
"The Henrietta
Focus
of the Possum
Kingdom
Collins, Michael B; "The Andrews Lake Locality.
New
Archaeological
Data from the Southern Llano Estacado,
Texas."
Greer, John W.
"The Cammack Site: A Neo-Indian Pit-Oven
Ring Midden Site in Val Verde County, Texas."
McKindlay, Ralph Michael.
Analysis of Kinship."
"A Computer
Program
Holman, John D.
"The Relationship Between
and Growth Status of Offspring."
Kataoji,
Hironobu.
Kataoji,
Yuriko.
Richert,
Bernard
York,
Sherry
Dallas,
"The Structure
nJapanese
E.
"Plains
Parent
of the Japanese
Immigrant
Society
Indians Medicine
Lynn.
"The Relocation
Texas."
for the
Size
Family."
in Brazil."
Bundles."
of American
Indians
into
Collins, Elizabeth Allen.
"Tribalism and Leadership in
the New African State with Special Reference to
Zanbia and Malawi."
1969
Kenny, Michael.
"The Social Structure
ARe-Evaluation."
1969
of the Nyakyusa:
Karp,
A Reanalys is. "
Ivan.
1969
"Manus
Social
Structure:
Northrop, Mary Ruth.
"Some Problems
of Kinship Systems."
1970
in the Comparison
Preston, Irene L.
"Magic, Science and Religion in Three
Schools of Anthropology:
A Critique of Influence."
1969
Deutsch, Susan Laura.
1968
.
"Menomini
Representational
Art."
Levy, Maria Stella Ferreira.
"The Umbanda is for All of
Us. (An Alternative Dimension of Socialization)."
1968
Nelson, Richard King.
Alaskan Eskimo
,
Sea Ice Environment."
1968
Exploitation
Nimtz, Michael John.
"Problems of Trans-Pacific
with Regard to Central and South America."
Shea, Caniel
1968
Edward.
"The Plaza Complex
of the
Contact
1968
of Huanuco Viejo."
Hoffman, Michael Allen. uLate Garzean Settlement
and the Rise of the Early Egyptian State."
Kotani, Yoshinobu.
"Environmental Factors
Rice Cultivation ~n Japan."
1968
Patterns
1968
in the Shift
to
Poppe, Roger Louis.
"Narrative Folklore and its Transmission
in a Northern Wisconsin Indian Family."
1968
Powers, William Roger.
"Archaeological
Excavations
Willow Creek Cauyoll Southeastern Idaho 1966."
in
1968
Wiersum, Wayne Edward.
"The Cooper Shore Site: A Late
Hopewell Havana Component in Southern Wisconsin."
1968
Deffner, Karen M.
"Mammalian
Illinois:
A Preliminary
Material from Cahokia
Analysis."
1969
Booth, Sandra.
"AMetrical
and Morphological
Description
of the Mountain Corrilla Skull and Dentition."
1969
Jaehnig, Manfred Emil Wilhelm.
"Environmental
Reconstruction
at the Site of Aztalan, Wisconsin,
47-Je-1."
1969
Rivera, Mario Angel.
"Analysis and Interpretations
Shell Tools from El Encanto) Chile."
1969
Workman, William
of Chirikof
Jamison, Paul.
the Albany
1969
Bates.
Island,
"Contributions
to the Prehistory
Southwestern Alaska."
1969
"Descriptive and Comparative Analysis of
Mounts (Illinois) Hopewell Skeletons."
Maxon, James Clark.
"A Study of Two Prehistoric
Sites on the Pajarito Plateau New Mexico."
Ryesky,
Diana.
of
"Folk Medicine
in Huixquilucan."
Pueblo
1969
1969
Sosne, Elinor Dee.
"The Mother's Brother Among the Black
Caribs of Central America and New York."
1960
Thompson, Joe Gunnar.
"Speech
Art of the Eastern United
Morlan, Valda.
"The Preceramic
and Kyushu:
An Outline."
Symbols in the Aboriginal
States.1'
1969
Period
1969
of Honshu,
Shikoku,
.
Lich tens teiri, Diane A.
"Mys tical and Non -Mys tical in
.
Shore Society.
A Study of Social Control Mechanisms.!'
1970
Miller, Grace.
"Leaf-Shaped Projectile Points
Southern Columbia Plateau:
A Statistical
1970
Aschenbrenner,
Joell Hyman.
Anthropological
Study."
"Spatial
1970
Riches, Susan.
"Archaeological
Survey
Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico."
Spector, Janet Doris.
1970
"The Harvey
of the
Approach."
Behavior;
of the Eastern
1970
Site and Seed Analysis."
Wopat, Priscilla F.
"'To Civilize the Indian.
..
A
Survey of the Educational Philosophy and Programs of
the Bureau of Indian Affairs Since 1928."
1970
Helskog, Knut.
"Community and Environment
Norwegian Younger Stone Age."
1971
Fox, Greysolynne.
"Some Comparisons
Gibbon Behavior."
1970
in the
between
Siamang
and
Sever, Lowell E.
"ABO Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn-An Analysis of a Series of Cases from the Milwaukee
Blood Center."
1968
Vanderwall, Ronald.
"The Prehistory
.
Ceramic Analysis."
1968
:'Wanner, James . "Relative
New Measure."
1969
Brain Si ze:
of Jamaica:
A
A Cri tique of a
,.
;.WAKEFOREST
UNIVERSITY,
WINSTON-SALEM,
Moore, Mary Louise Hanson.
and Pregnancy."
NORTH
CAROLINA
"The Sick Role in Menstruation
Rogers, James Cook.
"The Evolution of a Subculture:
An
Analysis of Cultural Contact, Conflict and Change on
Big Island, Virginia."
Srivastava, Akhauri Ratish Nandan. "Society and Economy
Among the Korwa of Palamau:
A Study of Change."
Edwards, Nancy Joann.
"Factor Analysis for Dimorphic
Features in a Skeletal Population of California
Indians."
1969
Farvar, Mary Ann.
"Aspects of the Ecology
Iranian Nomads."
1970
and Economy
of
Garr,
Thomas Mattingly, S. J.
"Change in the Callejon
Huaylas Region of the. Peruvian Sierra. " 1970
Gillette, Cynthia.
"Problems of Colonization
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de
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