• What is electricity?
• Why is it important for you to learn about electricity?

• Today’s PLAN
– 1.1 Describe properties of electric and magnetic
(electromagnetic) forces as being attractive or repulsive.
– 1.2 Explain how electric and magnetic force size depends on magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved and on the distance between the objects.
– 1.3 Differentiate between charges, current, electrical field, and magnetic field.
• Todays DO
– We will complete the Magnetism Explore Activity. (4 th period only)
– We will complete guided notes over Electricity.
– We will get graded papers/quizzes back and talk about our grades and how to make up work.

• Begin completing your Analyzing Data Mid-Year
Learning Check. (You will have about 10-15 minutes to finish this quiz.)
• Do not write on the quiz. Answer the questions on your scantron.
• Do your own work.
• Do your best.
• When finished, turn over your scantron and make a list of the questions you felt confident about and the ones you were unsure about. For those you are unsure about, tell what specifically confused you.

• Today’s PLAN
– 1.1 Describe properties of electric and magnetic
(electromagnetic) forces as being attractive or repulsive.
– 1.2 Explain how electric and magnetic force size depends on magnitudes of the charges, currents, or magnetic strengths involved and on the distance between the objects.
– 1.3 Differentiate between charges, current, electrical field, and magnetic field.
• Todays DO
– We will complete our Analyzing Data Mid-Year Learning
Check
– We will complete guided notes over Electricity and Circuits.
– We will complete a foldable about Electric circuits to use next week during a lab.

• All matter is made up of ______________.
• The two types of subatomic particles that
have a charge are
_______________ and
______________.
• Protons - _____ charge
• Electrons - _____ charge protons electrons

• What happens when you try to touch the two north ends together?
– They repel each other
• What happens when you try to touch the two south ends together?
– They repel each other
• What happens when you try to touch the north and south ends together?
– They attract each other

• Charges that are the same, repel each other.
• Charges that are different, attract each other.
Two Protons Two Electrons Proton & Electron

The charges of protons and electrons cause the object they make up to be positively or negatively charged.
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• Most objects normally have no overall charge.
– This is because each atom has an equal number of protons and electrons.

However, an object can become charged by gaining or
losing electrons.
• When an object loses electrons, it will have a
_____________ charge.
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• The build-up of electric charges
• Static means “not moving” or “not changing”
– In static electricity, charges build up on an object, but they do not flow continuously.

• Number your group members 1-4.
• Student 1 : Blow up and tie off a balloon. Then tie a string around the balloon ’s knot.
• Student 2 : Blow up another balloon and tie it off.
• Student 3 : Hold the end of the string allowing the balloon to dangle.
• Student 4 : Rub the balloon without the string on your hair. ( This gives the balloon a negative charge – electrons move from your hair to the balloon )
• Student 1 : Rub the balloon with the string on your hair.
• Student 4 : Slowly move your balloon toward the hanging balloon. What happens?
• Student 2 : Rub the hanging balloon with a dryer sheet. What does this do to the balloon ’s charge?
• Student 1 : Rub the balloon with the string on your hair.
• Student 4 : Slowly move your balloon toward the hanging balloon. What happens?

• Three ways to move electrons from one object to another:
– Friction - rubbing
– Conduction - touch
– Induction – movement of electrons within an object

• When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, electrons transfer until both objects have the same charge.
• Static discharge is the loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another.
Often, a static discharge produces a spark.

•Lightning is another example of static discharge.

• Conductors allow electricity to pass through them easily.
• Example: metals (such as those inside of wires- copper)

• Insulators do not allow electricity to pass through easily .
• Example: plastic, rubber (such as that on the outside of a wire)

• A circuit is a pathway along which an electric current can travel to a device .
• There are two different types of circuits:
1. Series
2. Parallel

• A series circuit has only ONE pathway for electricity to flow.
• All devices are located along this single pathway.
• Any break in the circuit (such as a open switch) will stop the flow of electricity and the device(s) will no longer work .
• Example: old type of Christmas tree lights.

Light bulb symbol Battery symbol Switch symbol

• A parallel circuit has MULTIPLE paths along which electricity can travel.
• If one pathway is broken , the others can still carry electricity .
• Example: household circuits, newer
Christmas tree lights

• An electromagnet is a temporary magnet made by passing an electric current through a wire coiled around a metal core
(such as an iron nail ).
• Electromagnets have two advantages over normal magnets:
1. They can be turned on and off.
2. Their strength can be changed based upon the amount of current flowing through it .

• The amount of current flowing through an electromagnet can be changed by:
1. Changing the number of batteries used
(more batteries = stronger electromagnet)
2. Changing the number of wire coils ( more coils = stronger electromagnet)