Road to the Civil War
Name ____Mrs. Alls_____

Missouri Compromise
o 1. Missouri admitted as a slave state.
o 2. Maine admitted as a free state.
o 3. No more slave states admitted north of the 36° 30´ line in the Louisiana Territory.

What does popular sovereignty mean? Control by the people

Who became the 12th President of the United States? Zachary Taylor
o What was significant about this election in terms of slavery? Slavery was no longer a political
issue but a national issue.

Compromise of 1850
o 1. California was allowed to enter as a free state.
o 2. The rest of the Mexican Cession was divided into New Mexico and Utah. Slavery would be
decided by popular sovereignty.
o 3. A strict new Fugitive Slave Law was passed.
o 4. Slave trade ended in Washington, D.C..

This book was published in 1852.
o Title: Uncle Tom’s Cabin
o Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe
o It swayed the Northern view against slavery.

Kansas-Nebraska Act
o Introduced by Stephen Douglas
o Parts:

1. Divided Nebraska Territory into Nebraska and Kansas.

2. Slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty.
o By late 1856, more than 200 people in Kansas have been killed because of the slavery issue.
This period of time was known as Bleeding Kansas
o John Brown was a northerner who led a raid on Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas in 1856 and killed
5 proslavery men.
o Abolitionist = someone who was against slavery.
o Leading Abolitionists at this time:

Harriet Tubman known as “Moses” and was a conductor for the Underground Railroad.

Sojourner Truth - former slave’s goal in life was to make sure everyone in the world
knew of the evils of slavery.
o Most controversy surrounding slavery was in the deep South.

Dred vs. Sandford
o Dred Scott was the slave who filed a lawsuit because he wanted to be a free man.
o Supreme Court decision:

1. Missouri Compromise was declared unconstitutional.

2. Scott couldn’t file a lawsuit because he wasn’t a citizen. Why? He was a slave.

3. Congress couldn’t outlaw slavery.
o U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice was Roger B. Taney.

Politics
o New political party formed in 1854.
o Name: Republican Party
o Platform: keep slavery out of western territories.

Senate election of 1858
o Candidates:
 Stephen Douglas - known as “little giant”.


Abraham Lincoln - known as “honest”, was tall, and a lawyer.
Harper’s Ferry
o John Brown planned to lead a raid on a federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, Viriginia.
o Was it successful? no
o Why? He was captured and hanged

Election of 1860
o Candidates:

Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln
o Winner: Abraham Lincoln

Civil War
o 1st state to secede from the Union was South Carolina.

John C. Calhoun thought this was the remedy to a disagreement in 1849 as well.
o Opening shots were at Fort Sumter.
o Confederate States of America (CSA) president was Jefferson Davis.
Review:

13th Amendment – ended slavery

15th Amendment – gave African Americans the right to vote

Define:
o
Colony – a settlement made in another land by people who are ruled by their
home countries
o Suffrage – right to vote
o Dictatorship – a government where one person or a small group of people are in
control such as Cuba under Fidel Castro

Who has the sole power of impeachment? House of Representatives

Qualifications for House of Representatives: 25 years old, U.S. citizen for 7 yrs.,
and a resident of the state elected

Terms for House of Representatives – 2 yrs. and Senate - 6 yrs.

Who was known as Tippecanoe? William Henry Harrison

Explain the following:
o Proclamation of 1763 – forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian
Mountains
o Navigation Acts – laws passed by England that limited America’s trade and
helped them make more money
o Great Compromise – compromise between New Jersey Plan and Virginia Plan
o New Jersey Plan – favored by most smaller states delegates; representation
would be based on equal representation

Both the federal and state governments have the power to tax.

Trail of Tears was the consequence of a federal legislation to clear Indians from the
Southeast.

Industrialization needs a source of power, cheap labor, and new technologies.

Be able to explain the events leading up to the Civil War as well as key people.