Cell Structure and Function Lab 4 Cells The cell is the basic unit of life. Cell theory – all living things are composed of cells. Cells only come from other living cells. Some organisms consist of only one cell. Some have many cells. Prokaryotic Cells Cytoplasm is not compartmentalized. No internal organelles like a nucleus. Prokaryotes include the two kingdoms of bacteria. Bacteria are the simplest cellular organisms. Prokaryotic Cells Bacteria have a plasma membrane like all cells. Cell wall (different than that found in plants or fungi) Prokaryotic Cells Bacteria have diverse array of shapes. They can adhere in chains and masses, although the cells remain separate. Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotes include all protists, fungi, plants, and animals. Much larger than prokaryotic cells – complex internal compartmentalization. Membrane bound organelles – specialized structures where particular cell processes occur. Largest organelle is usually the nucleus. Visit Cells Alive!!