Matter
Intro Chapter
Matter
• Anything that has mass and volume. It
is made up of atoms.
Atom
• The smallest unit of an element that
retains (keeps) the properties of that
element.
– Made up of a subatomic particles
Subatomic Particles
• Small particles of the atom
– Nucleus
• Protons ( + )
• Neutrons (neutral charge)
– Electron Cloud
• Electrons ( - )
Nucleus
• The part of the atom that contains the
protons and neutrons.
Proton
• A subatomic particle found in the
nucleus of an atom with a positive
charge.
+
Neutron
• A subatomic particle found in the
nucleus of an atom that has a neutral
charge.
n
Electron
• Subatomic particle found orbiting in the
electron cloud outside the nucleus that has a
negative charge.
-
Element
• A substance composed of a single kind of
atom.
H
He
C
N
O
Ne
Na
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Hydrogen
Helium
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Neon
Sodium
Mg –
Al –
Si –
Ar –
Ca –
Fe –
Au –
Magnesium
Aluminum
Silicon
Argon
Calcium
Iron
Gold
Elements
• Each element is identified by it’s atomic
number.
Atomic #
Periodic Table
• A diagram showing the arrangement of the
elements according to their atomic numbers
so that elements with similar properties are
Periodic Table of Elements
in the same column. The
Link
Periodic Table
Atomic #
Element Name
Chemical Symbol
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
Atomic #
Atomic Mass
# Protons = Atomic Number
# Neutrons = Atomic Mass- Atomic Number
# Electrons = Atomic Number
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass
Compound
• A substance in which two or more elements
are chemically combined.
Mixture
• Two or more substances that are mixed
together but not chemically combined.