th
9 Grade
Child Development
Newborn
The first month of
life.
Completely
dependent on
caregivers
Infant
A child from birth to 1
year of age.
 Triple
birthweight
 Gain 10 inches in height
 Sit, stand, crawl
 Learn through senses
Toddlers
One, two, and three
year-old children.
 Gain
10 lb in weight and 8 inches
height
 Walk, run, climb, jump
 Ask many questions
 May have temper tantrums
Preschool
Children who are three,
four, and five years old.





Gain 8-10 lbs. in weight, 4-6 in in height
Ride a tricycle
Use a fork and spoon
Count to 20
Play well with others.
School-Age
Children who are 5 to 10
years of age.
 Can understand
and use more than
2,000 words
Developmental Tasks
Skills children learn
as they grow.
Include
physical, mental,
social and emotional
skills.
Stages of Development
 Ages
during which a child learns to
perform certain tasks.
 Development
occurs in an orderly
way and in different areas
 ( physical, mental) simultaneously
Physical Development
Growing bigger and learning to
control body muscles.

Walking, running, and climbing are examples
of this type of development.
 Most rapid during infancy
Mental / Intellectual
Development
The ability to think and use the
mind.

Language is the most important mental skill.
 Learning to pay attention and remembering
things.
 Creativity, decision making and problem
solving.
Moral Development
Learn the difference
between right and
wrong.
School age children develop a
conscience
Social/ Emotional
Development
Social -Learn to relate to
other children and adults
Emotional – Learn to express
feelings




May be afraid of strangers
Want to do things without help
Temper tantrums
Learn to follow rules
Caregiver
A person who is responsible for
the care of another person
(child) and meets their needs.
 May be paid or unpaid
 Often another term for parent
Play
 An
activity that a person participates in
because they choose to.

Recreation
 Play
is the way that children learn about
the world around them
Parallel Play
Playing alongside of, rather
than together.
 Very
little interaction between children.
Solitary play
An activity in which children play by
.
themselves
A
baby lying in their crib and
playing with a mobile.
Group Play
Playing with other
children of all ages
especially those
their own age.
Hand-eye Coordination
Skill in moving the hands in
relation to what the eye
sees.

Eating, picking up blocks, batting a ball
require hand-eye coordination.
Motor skills
Skills that allow a baby to use and
control body muscles
Gross Motor:
 The large muscles of the body: arms
and legs.
Fine Motor:
 The small muscles of the body: fingers
and hands.
Imitative toys
These toys give
children a chance
to imitate others as
they learn.
Example- dolls, cars, toy
dishes, etc.
Action Toys
These toys help children develop
motor skills and coordination.
 Push/ pull toys
 Balls, riding toys
Imaginative Toys
These toys simulate
the imagination and
children be creative.
Example- blocks, boxes,
etc.
Sensory Toys
Objects to touch
that have
different textures
and shapes.
Passive Activity
Activity you watch
or listen to, but
do not join in.
Nurture
To help children learn
and develop by
providing love,
support, attention
and encouragement.
Discipline
Words or actions used to
influence a child’s behavior.
 Help
children learn to behave in
acceptable ways.
 Another word for guidance.
Sibling
A brother or
sister.
Childproof
Arranging the environment to
ensure that a child can explore
and play safely.
 Gates, cover electric outlets, lock
poisons.
Child Abuse
When children are
physically or
emotionally mistreated
or neglected.
Reflex
An automatic, involuntary
response.
Blinking, gripping.