1. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which represents a biochemical process
that occurs in a cell and on your knowledge of biology.
2. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The
diagram represents a step in protein synthesis.
The arrangement of the nitrogenous bases at region Y
was determined by the
A)
B)
C)
D)
type of amino acids present in the cytoplasm
sequence of nucleotides in DNA
number of ATP molecules in the cytoplasm
concentration of enzyme in region Z
If a sequence of nitrogenous bases on DNA strand I is
T-A-G-C-C-T-A, the corresponding sequence on the
RNA will be
A) A-T-C-G-G-A-T
C) T-A-G-C-C-T-A
B) A-U-C-G-G-A-U
D) U-T-C-G-G-U-T
3. What is the relationship between an organism's DNA and
protein specificity?
A) DNA becomes a specific part of the protein
structure.
B) DNA determines the ribosomal RNA sequence that
becomes part of the protein structure.
C) DNA determines which RNA molecules are
incorporated into protein molecules.
D) DNA determines the amino acid sequence of each
protein.
4. A high concentration of an enzyme that breaks down
RNA molecules is introduced into a cell. Which cellular
activity would probably be affected first?
A) metabolism of fats
C) hydrolysis of ATP
B) synthesis of proteins
D) oxidation of glucose
5. In a cell, protein synthesis is the primary function of
A) ribosomes
C) chloroplasts
B) mitochondria
D) vacuoles
6. The photographs below show some physical similarities
between John Lennon and his son Julian.
Which conclusion can be drawn regarding these
similarities?
A) The DNA present in their body cells is identical.
B) The percentage of their proteins with the same
molecular composition is high.
C) The base sequences of their genes are identical.
D) The mutation rate is the same in their body cells.
7. The diagram below represents the chemical pathway of a
process in a human liver cell.
A particular liver cell is unable to make substance C.
One possible explanation for the inability of this cell to
make substance C is that
A) excess energy for step 2 prevented the conversion
of substance B to substance C
B) an excess of enzyme X was present, resulting in a
decrease in the production of substance B
C) nuclear DNA was altered resulting in the cell being
unable to make enzyme Y
D) a mutation occurred causing a change in the ability
of the cell to use substance C
8. Which sequence best represents the relationship between DNA and the traits of an organism?
A)
B)
C)
D)
9. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which represents protein synthesis within
a cell and on your knowledge of biology.
10. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The
diagram represents molecules involved in protein
synthesis.
Which letter indicates the site of protein synthesis?
A) G
B) H
C) C
D) D
Molecule 3 is formed as a result of
A)
B)
C)
D)
deamination
dehydration synthesis
enzymatic hydrolysis
oxidation
11. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below of a biochemical process that occurs
within cells and on your knowledge of biology.
The process represented in the diagram occurs on the
cell organelle known as a
A) vacuole
C) chloroplast
B) ribosome
D) mitochondrion
Base your answers to questions 12 and 13 on the diagram below, which contains arrows representing
different processes occurring in a cell.
12. What is Process 1 known as?
A) replication
B) mutation
C) nondisjunction
D) translocation
C) 3 and 4
D) 4 and 5
13. Which processes occur in the nucleus?
A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 3
14. A certain mutant bacterial cell cannot produce
substance X. The mutation was most likely the result of
a change in the
A)
B)
C)
D)
structure of the cell membrane
ability of the DNA to replicate
amino acid sequence of DNA
gene that codes for a specific protein
15. DNA is able to control cellular activities most directly
by regulating the process of
A) meiotic division
C) active transport
B) protein synthesis
D) selective breeding
16. Which statement indicates one difference between the
gene that codes for insulin and the gene that codes for
testosterone in humans?
A) The gene for insulin is replicated in vacuoles,
while the gene for testosterone is replicated in
mitochondria.
B) The gene for insulin has a different sequence of
molecular bases than the gene for testosterone.
C) The gene for insulin is turned on in liver cells, but
the gene for testosterone is not.
D) The gene for insulin is a sequence of five different
molecular bases while the gene for testosterone is
a sequence of only four different molecular bases.
Base your answers to questions 17 and 18 on the diagram below, which represents a sequence of events in
a biological process that occurs within human cells and on your knowledge of biology.
17. How are molecules B, C, and D similar?
A)
B)
C)
D)
they are usually composed of genetic information
they are usually involved in the synthesis of antibiotics
they are usually composed of amino acids
they are usually involved in the diffusion of oxygen into the cell
18. Molecule A contains the
A)
B)
C)
D)
starch necessary for ribosome synthesis in the cytoplasm
organic substance that is broken down into molecules B, C, and D
proteins that form the ribosome in the cytoplasm
directions for the synthesis of molecules B, C, and D
19. Which statement best expresses the relationship
between the three structures represented below?
A) DNA is produced from protein absorbed by the
cell.
B) Protein is composed of DNA that is produced in
the cell.
C) DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.
D) Cells make DNA by digesting protein.
20. The diagram below represents a portion of an organic
molecule.
This molecule controls cellular activity by directing the
synthesis of
A) carbohydrates
C) fats
B) minerals
D) proteins