CRASH COURSE ON THE AMERICAL CIVIL WAR 1861-­‐1865 Background: 1. The question of slavery. A.) Wilmot Proviso B.) Popular Sovereignty Slave states vs. free states, a Balance of Power. Compromise of 1850 maintains balance. 2. Map, page 335: Why would Kansas be a critical state? 3. Underground Railroad led by Harriet Tubman provided hope for southern slaves to escape the south. Abraham Lincoln: 1. “Lincoln Douglas Debates” paves way for presidency. 2. He opposed popular sovereignty and claimed slavery to be wrong. 3. Pg. 347, “Candidates for Presidency” The Confederacy is formed: 1. Southern states secede the union because of anger over 1860 election outcome. 2. Choose Jefferson Davis as president. Fort Sumter 1. First real battle of the war. 2. South Carolina standoff between volunteer troops. SOUTH/CONFEDERACY NORTH/UNION Robert E. Lee Ulysses S. Grant “survival mentality” better industries minimal resources better navy on the defensive wanted to preserve the Union most battles fought in south. Turning points: 1. Battle of Vicksburg: Confederacy surrenders, split in 2 parts. 2. Battle of Gettysburg: Confederacy stopped in PA, Lee surrenders. End of War: ` 1. Confederacy surrender April 9, 1865 in Virginia. 3. 13th amendment outlaws slavery. 4. John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln. 5. Reconstruction Era begins, over 600,000 deaths from war.