Name: ____________________________________
Period: 1 2 3 4 5 7
Unit Review – Civil War and Reconstruction
KEY
1. Name the “claim to fame” or significance for the following people:
Abraham Lincoln—16th President of the United States, Gave Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg
Address, He was President during the Civil War
Jefferson Davis—President for the Confederacy, Believed that slavery was a “blessing from God”
Ulysses S. Grant—Commander of the Union Army during the Civil War and was successful in getting
Lee to surrender
Robert E. Lee—Commander for the Confederate Army during the Civil War and had to surrender to
the Union
George McClellan—General for the Union Army of the Potomac, was known for being apathetic
towards the War and not wanting to really fight
William T. Sherman—General for the Union army, known for his “March to the Sea”
Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson—General for the Confederacy, known for the Battle of Bull Run and
his bravery
William Carney—1st African-American to be awarded the Medal of Honor, Leader of the 54th
Massachusetts, an All-Black Regiment
Philip Bazaar—1st Hispanic-American to be awarded the Medal of Honor, Sailor in the Navy
2. What was the initial cause of the Civil War? What did the cause shift to later in the war?
Wanted to bring the Union back together and then it transitions to ending slavery
3. Name two reasons the Union was fighting.
Bring the Union together and end slavery
4. Name two reasons the Confederacy was fighting.
Keep their way of life, States’ Rights
5. Which state was the first to secede from the Union?
South Carolina
6. What advantages did the Union have in the Civil War? What disadvantages faced the Union?
More resources, larger population, more trains, telegraph
Fighting in unfamiliar land, poor military leadership
Name: ____________________________________
Period: 1 2 3 4 5 7
7. What advantages did the Confederacy have in the Civil War? What disadvantages faced the
Confederacy?
Desire to keep way of life, Better shooters, Knows the land, Great military leaders
Less population, fewer resources
8. What was the military strategy of the Union? Explain the strategy.
Anaconda Plan- Blockade and Surround the Confederacy, wanted to get control of the Mississippi River
to split Confederacy into 2
9. Explain the military strategy of the Confederacy.
Defensive—Outlast the Union by not losing the most
10. What was the significance of the battle at Fort Sumter?
Marked the beginning of the Civil War, Confederacy Victory
11. What was the significance of the Union victory at Vicksburg?
Union seizes Vicksburg and gets control of the Mississippi River which splits the Confederacy into 2
12. How and when did the Civil War end?
April 9th, 1865, Union surrounds Lee at Appomattox Courthouse and he has no choice but to surrender
to Grant
13. What was the significance of the Battle of Gettysburg?
Turning Point of the War, Bloodiest battle, Union victory, Confederacy attempts to invade the Union
but after this battle they will NEVER invade the north again
14. What was the basic message Lincoln was trying to convey in the Gettysburg Address?
Keep fighting the fight that the soldiers who died began
15. What two provisions (parts) were included in the Emancipation Proclamation?
If the seceded states rejoin Union they can keep their slaves. If they don’t, their slaves are free!
16. What was Lincoln’s focus in his 1st Inaugural Address? What was his focus in his 2nd Inaugural Address?
 1st Address was Lincoln assuring the South that he did not want to interfere with slavery in the South
 2nd Address was completely different and talked about the sin of slavery
17. Who was Clara Barton and why is she significant?
Untrained and uneducated nurse during Civil War; Creates the American Red Cross
18. What was the purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
To make sure that freed slaves were getting their new lives together
19. What were Black Codes and what was their purpose?
Laws that restricted the rights of Black Americans
20. What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction?
Freedman’s Bureau and 10% Plan
Name: ____________________________________
Period: 1 2 3 4 5 7
21. What was Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction?
Minimal requirement for states to rejoin, gave pardons to Confederate leaders, and created Black
Codes
22. Explain the purpose of the following Constitutional Amendments:
13th Amendment: Freed all slaves and made slavery illegal
14th Amendment: Anyone born in the USA is a citizen, This is big for former slaves
15th Amendment: Voting rights for African-American males over the age of 21
23. Name the three main points of Congress’ Radical Reconstruction plan.
Military control in the South, States MUST approve the 13 th and 14th Amendment, and Military will help
with the enrollment of Black voters
24. Who was Hiram Rhode Revels and why is he significant?
1st Black Senator for the United States
25. What was the main goal of the Ku Klux Klan?
Deny rights to Blacks and inflict violence, wanted to take the South back to the pre-Civil War era
26. What were the Jim Crow laws and how did they affect life in the South for African Americans?
“Separate but Equal”, they were meant to restrict the rights of Blacks, There was so much segregation
and inequality for black citizens
27. Explain the following:
Homestead Act—160 acres of land for free if family promised to farm and build a house
Morrill Act—Government gave land for the creation of different colleges for Westerners to learn about
Agriculture and Mechanics
Dawes Act-- Each Indian family given 160 acres and encouraged to assimilate to American life = Lost
2/3rds of land!