Latin American Unit
Ch. 21. Sect. 1: European Colonies in the Americas.
Name ______________________________ Date __________________ Period_______
In the 1500s European countries compete for colonies in New World!
Europeans explore the Americas
1. Native Americans were originally nomads that came over on the ________ from
Asia thousands of years earlier.
2. Spain & Portugal both have claims to Latin America. The land is divided between them in the Treaty of Tordesillas. An imaginary line longitudinal line is drawn. The new lands east of dividing line will go to _____________, the lands west of line or go to ______________________.
3. The initial goal of Mercantilism/Imperialism was to get ________ & claim the new lands in the Americas. The new lands would become Spanish or Portuguese colonies.
4. At first the explorers discovered gold in the treasures of Incas & Aztecs, later when the Spaniards wanted more gold they used the natives as _____ to mine
(dig) for gold & silver.
In the Mercantile system the colonies have two roles:
5. One rule is to supply parent country (Spain) with ______________ (lumber, cash crops, and livestock). Large ________________ were used to grow cash crops & large ranches to herd livestock. The Spanish & Portuguese owned the land and the ______________ worked the land.
Search for Labor
6. Colonies were markets for parent country. The colonies bought Spanish
________ (clothes, syrup). When the Spanish first colonized Latin America, they set up __________ systems; in this system _____________ and privileged Spaniards were give large tracts of land. These land owners were suppose to pay the natives workers, look after their health and teach them about
____________. Ultimately most of the natives are treated harshly and _____ from mistreatment or disease.
New Laws
7. Later Spain sets up ________ systems (large plantations):
8. Again the Spaniards own the best _____ and now there are not enough natives to work in mines or ranches. So the Spanish and Portuguese both turn to Africa for labor and the ___________ begins.
9. Portugal later sets up the same type of system, but the land owners are called
___________. Nearly 40% of all Africans were taken to __________.
A Slave System: Take notes on this section:
The Columbian Exchange: Take notes on this section.