www.ijecs.in
International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242
Volume 3 Issue 10 October, 2014 Page No. 8634-8638
A Novel Method of Early prediction of Packet Delay for Mobile
Nodes with modified constraint violation Detection Algorithm
K.Nithiya
PG student , Applied Electronics , IFET college of Engineering
Villupuram , Tamilnadu
Kn516894@gmail.com
ABSTRACT :
Network delay is an important performance characteristic of a computer network or telecommunications network. The
delay of a network specifies how long it takes for a bit of data to travel across the network from one node or endpoint
to another. It is typically measured in multiples or fractions of seconds.The work presented here belongs to domain of
wireless network , the real Time Early Prediction of network delay is done using the proposed constraint prediction
Algorithm.Anew application is presented concerning the delivery delays of packets in GPRS network.The distributed
monitoring of events from GPS device is considered for delay prediction in TCP/IP network.Whenever the GPS
device crosses the access point , the event dispatchfrom the device is monitored regularly for correct prediction.
INDEX TERMS: Monitoring system, Delay prediction, GPRS, GPS, TCP/IP, Time Constraint based algorithm
I.INTRODUCTION:
There is always a certain level of
delay still experienced due to the time it takes to
transmit a packet serially through a link. Onto this
is added a more variable level of delay due to
network congestion. IP network delays can range
from just a few milliseconds to several hundred
milliseconds. When two devices communicate
with each other using a packet-switched
network(GPRS), it takes a certain amount of time
for information to be generated by one device,
travel to the other device and be received by the
second device. The total time that it takes for this
chunk of information, commonly called a packet,
to travel end-to-end is called network delay. There
is another type of telecommunications network
called a circuit-switched network. In a circuitswitched network, the network delay is considered
to be only the travel time from one device to
another, excluding the output and intake times.
Communication or operating delays between sites
are bounded and are taken into account while
verifying a global time constraint. The uncertainty
induced by these delays generates an uncertainty
on the verification that results in a possibility
measure associated with constraint verification. .
Our objective is therefore to study this particular
problem.
For
that,
we
suppose
that
communication delays between diagnosers are
bounded. This uncertainty on communication
delays induces an uncertainty on the time
constraint verification. The exploitation of the
obtained results allows recognising in a
distributed way, the occurrence of the failure
symptom with a certain possibility.
When a device on a packet switching network
sends information to another device, it takes a
certain amount of time for that information, or
data, to travel across the network and be received
at the other end. Normally, before data is sent, it is
separated into pieces commonly called packets,
which are small enough to be handled by a
network. As these information chunks traverse the
network, they are examined and manipulated by
devices called routers, which help direct and
manage data flow. The time it takes for a routing
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device to take a packet in and decide what to do
with it is called processing delay.
II .ANALYSIS ON DELAY CONTAINED
SATELLITE LINK:
The rapid growth of satellite communications is
evolving the TCP/IP protocol suite in positive
ways. In particular, enhancements to the
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to address
the challenges of satellite transmission will benefit
all highbandwidth TCP communications. TCP, as
you will remember, is the predominant unicast
transport protocol used by Internet applications
such as Telnet, FTP, and HTTP.
a.) Long Feedback Delay
A TCP sender is dependent on timelynetwork
feedback for rate adjustment, congestion
avoidance, and error recovery. A delay of 0.5
seconds imposed by the RTT (round-trip time) on
a GEO satellite channel will delay the execution
of these functions and affect throughput.
b.) The Maximum Throughput Window
The primary objective of the TCP behaviors noted
above is for the sender and receiver to make full
use of the available capacity on the satellite link
or, in other words, to achieve maximum
throughput. This in turn is determined by the
quotient of the receiver’s buffer size (or advertised
window—W) and the RTT. Therefore, the
maximum throughput for a standard TCP window
size of 65 Kbytes and a typical RTT of 500 ms is
a little over 1 Mbps
c.) Delayed ACK
Instead of generating an ACK for each
received segment, a TCP receiver may choose to
generate an ACK for every second segment that
arrives or, if a second segment
does not arrive, wait for a time-out period of up to
500 ms before generating the ACK.
for a data rate as high as possible but backing off
as soon as congestion occurs. TCP segment losses
are interpreted as congestion signals as they are
traditionally caused by buffer overflows in
routers. If such an event is detected, TCP adjusts
its parameters like window size and
retransmission timeout values, thus slowing down.
IV PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE:
The automatically dispatched gps events( data
from gps device) whenever it crosses an access
point is taken into account.
EVENT – An Event is starting event is associated
with the beginning or the end of an activity an
event e belonging to the set Σ of the events of the
monitoring system is said to be received by a
diagnoser if this one can date it.
Transmitter
Time window
False Alarm Negotiation
GMSK
Sampling
Hypothesis Test
Decision Threshold
Fig 1 :Proposed monitoring system
Hypothesis means a timestamp assigned to each
event.
III. TCP AND GPRS
TCP is the most widely used transport protocol for
non-realtime Internet applications like WWW,
File Transfer and Email. It provides a connectionoriented end-to-end service ensuring the reliable
transfer of data. Besides the data reliability and
inorder delivery TCP is also responsible for flow
control in the Internet to avoid congestion. This is
achieved by complex mechanisms trying to probe
Fig 2 - Trajectory Of Gps Assisted vehicle path
Constraints are expressed by timing relationships
between events. A constraint can, for example,
K.Nithiya, IJECS Volume 3 Issue 10 October Page No.8634-8638
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Timeou
Cluste
express a transport time window between two
locations. To determine the Time window constraints
FLOWCHART
consider the observed sample and characteristics of the
correctly operating system are used to create a
confidence space of possible timing relationships
between events from the system.
Start
GMSK Samples as GPS Coordinates
Event Formation
Departure
The nodal delays accumulate and give an end-toend delay,
Intermediate
GPRS
Future
Constraint Determination
dend-end = Q (dproc + dtrans + dprop)
NO
Precedence
Time constraint
wherea
success
Hypothesis verification
V. PROPOSED ALGORITHM
BASED ON TIME CONSTRAINTS
Determine Truncation factor
Bounded Timing relationship
The Algorithm defines the each and event event’s
timing relationship (Timestamps) and their
Sequencing relationship.
,
Step 1:
The Timing relationship between
events are considered to construct the Hypothesis
of normal Distribution with Mean and Standard
deviation of all samples (µ and σ)
Membership test
Step 2 : Constraints are checked for their
possible confidence space of 95% using Interevent
timing occurred between 1st Event and assumed
time of Future event.
Satisfaction possibility function Determination
Principality
check
Step 3: Bounded Remaining duration of GPS
assisted object is assumed as Δ , while checking
Time window , Monitored intervals are noted
subsequently.
Predict Violated Constraint
Quantification
Preprocessing ( determination of
Future delays)
Step 4: Consider principality check for
constraints with assumed bounded duration of
GPS as normally distributed on interval [δm, δM].
Step 5: False detections in the monitored
intervals are formed as clustered network using
google map to predict the delays in real time (
Here VB event driven programming language is
used )
Constrained network formation
Low
Delay >Decision
Threshold
High
Step 6: If delayed constraint is found all the
upcoming constraints are checked for violations ,
this way delay risk is calculated.
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Negotiate False and Missed Detection
Delay free Coordinate
Receiver
Stop
Fig 3 - Flowchart for delay prediction
AT commands are used to Initiate GPS device and
Google Map can be used to visually represent the
constraint and their misbehaviours .
Thus, Delivery delay is determined using
Absolute departure time of 1st event and interevent
timing and preassumed upcoming Event by
monitoring the time windows.
Fig 4 – Time constaint violation monitoring in
Google Map
Gaussian samples are analysed with MATLAB for
defined spacing relationship of events with o
observed Number of Events. This can be useful
for any kind of Physical network in Future mainly
for Distributed systems, Peer-peer Networks to
predetermine the END-END delay before packet
reaches destination in network.
Fig 5 – Observed Events vs Delay
VI.CONCLUSION:
This Paper clearly examine the performance of
link and datas from correctly observed operating
distributed system to predict the delivery delay
before the packet Reaches the destination. The
time from when the packet generated and time it
reaches the Receiver becomes more than the
threshold value( eg- 20ms in Internet phone
Apllication) , that Spacing becomes more than the
specified value in existing system is considered
and those Delays are predicted earlier within the
reach of it to destination using Advanced Time
Constraint violation Prediction Algorithm , finally
the effects of Missed detections are also
negotiated by the proposed Algorithm.The Future
Scope implies that Delay prediction is possible for
GPRS, 3G Networks delay diagnosis done could
become possible with this proposed Algorithm by
2016.
REFERENCES:
1. J. Postel, “Transmission Control Protocol,”
RFC 793, Sept. 1981; available online at
http://info.internet.isi.edu:80/in-notes/rfc/
files/rfc793.txt.
2. D. Glover and H. Kruse, “TCP Performance in
a Geostationary Satellite Environment,” Annual
Rev. of Comm. 1998, Int’l Eng. Consortium, Apr.
1998.
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structure for development and contemporary
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Author K.Nithiya received B.E degree in Electronics and
Communication from Periyar Maniammai University,
Tanjore,Tamilnadu and pursuing her Master degree in IFET
college of engineering , Villupuram ,Tamilnadu. Her current
research interests include Biometrics and Trends wireless
Communication systems.
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