Lesson Plan
Course Title: Principles of Manufacturing
Lesson Title: History and Development of Technology: Innovative Applications of Technology
in Engineering – Part 3
Performance Objective:
After completing this lesson, students will be able to discuss the key factors in the emerging
application of technology and engineering, that affect the evolution of technology and
manufacturing, to the teacher’s satisfaction.
Specific Objectives:
 Compare emerging applications of technology systems in engineering
 Explain the 3 stages, or factors affecting the evolution of technology
 Identify various manufacturing practices affected by the changes in technology.
Preparation
TEKS Correlations:
This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the
activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed.
Principles of Manufacturing

130.322(c)(6)(B)
…experiment with new technologies.

130.322(c)(14)(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)(F)
…analyze how changes in technology affect manufacturing practices;
…evaluate how the development of technology in manufacturing is influenced by past
events;
…analyze the international effects of technology;
…demonstrate how advancements in technology have affected the field of engineering;
…evaluate the factors that affect the implementation of new ideas; and
…analyze how manufacturing evolves.
Interdisciplinary Correlations:
Physics:

112.39(c)(2)(A)(B)(C)(D)
...know the definition of science and understand that it has limitations, as specified in
subsection (b)(2) of this section;
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...know that scientific hypotheses are tentative and testable statements that must be
capable of being supported or not supported by observational evidence. Hypotheses of
durable explanatory power which have been tested over a wide variety of conditions are
incorporated into theories;
...know that scientific theories are based on natural and physical phenomena and are
capable of being tested by multiple independent researchers. Unlike hypotheses,
scientific theories are well-established and highly-reliable explanations, but may be
subject to change as new areas of science and new technologies are developed;
...distinguish between scientific hypotheses and scientific theories;

112.39(c)(3)(D)
...explain the impacts of the scientific contributions of a variety of historical and
contemporary scientists on scientific thought and society;
English:

110.42(b)(6)(A)(B)
…expand vocabulary through wide reading, listening, and discussing;
…rely on context to determine meanings of words and phrases such as figurative
language, idioms, multiple meaning words, and technical vocabulary;

110.42(b)(7)(A)(I)(J)
…establish a purpose for reading such as to discover, interpret, and enjoy;
…use study strategies such as skimming and scanning, note taking, outlining, and using
study-guide questions to better understand texts;
…read silently with comprehension for a sustained period of time;
Teacher Preparation:
Teachers should review the definitions, all supporting documents such as Technological
Systems PowerPoint presentation and notes. Teachers are also encouraged to conduct their
own research on lesson material.
References:

Theory of technological evolution, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution

Industrial Revolution, http://americanhistory.about.com/od/industrialrev/
a/indrevoverview_2.htm

Wikipedia, Online
Steve Krar, “The EVOLUTION of MANUFACTURING”,
http://www.automationmag.com/mages/stories/ LWTechfiles/84%20Evolution%20of%20Mfg.pdf

Other references as noted in the Technological Systems PPT presentation and notes.
Instructional Aids:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Technological Systems PowerPoint presentation and notes
Matching Definitions handout
Matching Definitions answer key
Warm-up activity (slide 3)
Technological Systems quiz
Technological Systems quiz key
History and Development of Technology: Innovative Applications of Technology in
Engineering Parts 1-3 test and answer key
Materials Needed:
 Pen or pencil
 Paper
 Internet access (optional)
Equipment Needed:
1. Computer
2. Overhead projector
Learner Preparation: None required.
Introduction
Introduction (LSI Quadrant I):
SAY: Today we will learn about emerging applications of technology.
ASK: Do you think it’s possible to create your favorite plastic product at your desk?
ASK: Would you like to have a vehicle that you could create your own fuel for someday?
Show: A web page, photos, or online video of alternative fuel vehicles and 3-D printers.
SAY: In modern times we have found innovative ways to use technology to greatly enhance
our lives and remove much of the manual labor from our day to day living.
Outline
Outline (LSI Quadrant II):
Instructors can use the PowerPoint presentation, slides, handouts, and note pages in
conjunction with the following outline.
MI
Outline
I.
Technological Systems
Notes to Instructor
Begin Technological
Systems PPT
presentation.
Bell Work Activity
(Slide 2)
Have students work on
the Bell Work Activity
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Warm- Up Activity:
(Slide 3)
Using Matching
Definitions handout,
students will pair-share
and teach each other
the terms and
definitions. They may
do computer-based
research to look up the
meaning.
A. Emerging applications of technology in
engineering
i.
3D printing
ii.
Alternative fuel vehicles
iii.
Genetic engineering
Provide an overview of
Importance of
technological systems.
(Slide 4)
Each slide is meant to
be discussed. Have
some background
knowledge, and
challenge the students
to make some
contributions to the
discussion.
(Slides 4-8)
B. Factors affecting the evolution of
technology
i.
Stage 1 - tools
ii.
Stage 2 - machines
iii.
Stage 3 - automation
Have students discuss
the differences in
various technology
models for each stage.
(Slide 5)
C. Manufacturing practices affected by
changes in technology
i.
Textile industry production
ii.
Communications networks
iii.
Railroad systems
Select and discuss
some of the definitions
from the Matching
Definitions handout.
(Slide 6)
D. The evolution of manufacturing
i.
Hand tools to machine tools
ii.
Machine cutting tools
(Slide 7)
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E. The international effects of technology
Verbal
Linguistic
(Slide 8)
II.
Administer quiz at end of Part 1 lesson
Use answer key to
grade the quiz.
III.
Formal assessment of Parts 1-3 of this
lesson
History and
Development of
Technology:
Innovative Applications
of Technology in
Engineering Parts 1-3
test.
Logical
Mathematical
Visual
Spatial
Musical
Rhythmic
Bodily
Kinesthetic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Naturalist
Existentialist
Application
Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
Using Matching Definitions handout, students will pair-share and teach each other the terms
and definitions. They may do computer-based research to look up the meaning.
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Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
Students will complete Warm-up Activity, doing computer-based research to look up and match
the meaning of words on the handout, writing out definitions on a sheet of paper.
Summary
Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV):
Question: Most of the questions should involve definitions from the Matching Definitions
handout.
Answer: They can write or answer orally.
Question: What are examples of alternative fuels?
Answer: ethanol, hydrogen, electricity, natural gas
Question: What are examples of Stage 3 technology?
Answer: traffic lights, digital watches, aircraft autopilot systems
Evaluation
Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III):
Oral question/answer. Students will complete definitions teacher has on the board from terms in
the Matching Definitions handout. Technological Systems Quiz.
Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV): History and Development of Technology:
Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering Parts 1-3 test and answer key.
Extension
Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV):
1. Students can write a paper comparing the various alternative fuel vehicles currently in
production.
2. Students can conduct research on the internet, create a PowerPoint presentation and
give a classroom presentation, identifying the contributions of inventors from around the
world, to the growth in technology.
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Name___________________________________Date____________Class__________
Technology Systems
Matching Definitions
Directions: Match the terms in Section 1 with the definitions in Section 2.
Section 1:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Emerging technology
Automation
Textiles
Genetic engineering
Bio-fuel
Robotics
Section 2:
1. __________ - woven fabric or cloth
2. __________ - a fuel created from biological raw material, used for internal
combustion engines
3. __________ - a manufacturing process where all or most of the processes of
production are self-controlled by electronic devices eliminating the need for
manual labor
4. __________ - innovative methods and new technologies that are developed and
put in use to give companies a competitive advantage
5. __________ - the process of altering the genes of animals and plants to create
a desired result
6. __________ - the development of machines that can perform tasks previously
done by humans. Examples: elevator operation, aircraft autopilot system,
industrial manufacturing, etc.
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Technology Systems
Matching Definitions (Answer Key)
Directions: Match the terms in Section 1 with the definitions in Section 2.
Section 1:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Emerging technology
Automation
Textiles
Genetic engineering
Bio-fuel
Robotics
Section 2:
1. (C.) Textiles - woven fabric or cloth
2. (E.) Bio-fuel - a fuel created from biological raw material, used for internal
combustion engines
3. (B.) Automation - a manufacturing process where all or most of the processes
of production are self controlled by electronic devices eliminating the need for
manual labor
4. (A.) Emerging technology - innovative methods and new technologies that are
developed and put into use to give companies a competitive advantage.
5. (D.) Genetic engineering - the process of altering the genes of animals and
plants to create a desired result
6. (F.) Robotics - the development of machines that can perform tasks previously
done by humans. Examples: elevator operation, aircraft autopilot system,
industrial manufacturing, etc.
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Name___________________________________Date____________Class__________
Technological Systems
Quiz
1.
What is 3-D printing?
2.
The development of tools describes what stage in the evolution of
technology?
3.
Describe the 3rd stage in the evolution of technology.
4.
The invention of what product improved production in the textile industry.
5.
Why are machine cutting tools important?
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Technological Systems
Quiz
(Answer Key)
1.
What is 3-D printing?
ANSWER: An innovative form of manufacturing where a
product is created layer by layer on a 3-D Printer.
2.
The development of tools describes what stage in the evolution of
technology?
ANSWER: Stage 1- mechanical advantage
3.
Describe the 3rd stage in the evolution of technology.
ANSWER: automation, where human control is replaced with
computerized processes
4.
The invention of what product improved production in the textile industry.
ANSWER: the cotton gin by Eli Whitney
5.
Why are machine cutting tools important?
ANSWER: These tools allow for the creation of most of the other
tools used in manufacturing.
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Name___________________________________Date____________Class__________
History and Development of Technology:
Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering
Formal Assessment - Parts 1-3
1.
Describe how automation has helped the manufacturing process.
2.
Identify 3 innovations in the Communication Technology discipline.
3.
Identify one negative impact of automation on human labor.
4.
What innovation allowed man to settle down in one location and create
villages?
5.
What was one of the main driving forces in the evolution of technology?
6.
Define most-favored-nation treatment.
7.
What process are Manufacturing activities based on?
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8.
Describe the difference between Open and Closed Loop Systems?
9.
Name 2 major contributions of the Industrial Revolution.
10.
Why were interchangeable parts in early American manufacturing
important?
11.
Identify 2 or more risks associated with engineering activities and the
manufacturing process.
12.
Tool development describes what stage in the evolution of technology?
13.
In manufacturing, why are machine cutting tools important?
14. What is a system of delivering parts and materials just as they are needed
For use in production called?
15. What is the science of designing equipment and environments to promote
human health, safety and well-being called?
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16.
Power transmitted through controlled circulation of pressurized fluid to a
motor that converts it to mechanical output so it can be used on a
workload describes what type of power?
17. The use of unique physical or behavioral attributes (fingerprints, retina
scans and voice patterns) to verify personal identity describes what?
18. Define the term “standardization” as it applies to manufacturing.
19. Define the term “Statistical Process Control” as it applies to manufacturing.
20.
The process of altering the genes of animals and plants to create a desired
result defines what?
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History and Development of Technology:
Innovative Applications of Technology in Engineering
Formal Assessment - Parts 1-3
(Answer Key)
1.
Describe how automation has helped the manufacturing process.
2.
Identify 3 innovations in the Communication Technology discipline.
3.
Identify one negative impact of automation on human labor.
4.
What innovation allowed man to settle down in one location and create
villages?
ANSWER: Programmable robotic processes allow for
greater standardization and higher product quality.
ANSWER: digital printing, wireless telecommunications,
web page design, video game design
ANSWER: Automation allows non-stop production with
fewer people.
ANSWER: animal domestication
5.
What was one of the main driving forces in the evolution of technology?
6.
Define most-favored-nation treatment?
ANSWER: an agreement between multiple nations to establish
equal trading opportunities between them
7.
What process are Manufacturing activities based on?
ANSWER: more efficient methods of food production
ANSWER: mass production standardized products in the
minimum amount of time
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8.
Describe the difference between Open and Closed Loop Systems?
ANSWER: Closed loop systems go a step beyond open loop
systems by providing a way to monitor the output, compare it to
the input and then make adjustments to control the desired
output.
9.
Name 2 major contributions of the Industrial Revolution?
10.
Why were interchangeable parts in early American manufacturing
important?
ANSWER: standardized mass production of products; and
growth of employment and income opportunities
ANSWER: It allowed workers to produce quality products
faster and more consistently than those hand produced by
craftsmen.
11.
Identify 2 or more risks associated with engineering activities and the
manufacturing process.
ANSWER: waste disposal and a depletion of natural
resources
12.
Tool development describes what stage in the evolution of technology?
13.
In manufacturing, why are machine cutting tools important?
ANSWER: These tools allow for the creation of most of the
ANSWER: Stage 1 - mechanical advantage
other tools used in manufacturing.
14.
What is a system of delivering parts and materials just as they are needed
for use in production called?
ANSWER: Just-in-Time (JIT) manufacturing
15.
What is the science of designing equipment and environments to promote
human health, safety and well-being is called?
ANSWER: Ergonomics
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16.
Power transmitted through controlled circulation of pressurized fluid to a
motor that converts it to mechanical output so it can be used on a
workload describes what type of power?
ANSWER: hydraulic power
17.
The use of unique physical or behavioral attributes (fingerprints, retina
scans and voice patterns) to verify personal identity describes what?
ANSWER: Biometrics
18.
Define the term “standardization” as it applies to manufacturing.
19.
Define the term “Statistical Process Control” as it applies to
manufacturing.
ANSWER: an agreement on a uniform or common size for
certain parts
ANSWER: a technique based on mathematics that is used
to improve a production process by reducing the amount of
variation between products in the manufacturing process
20.
The process of altering the genes of animals and plants to create a desired
result defines what?
ANSWER: genetic engineering
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