STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE EUROPEAN FISHERIES FLEET:
A PRELIMINARY ASSESMENT
Villasante, C.S., García Negro, M.C., Carballo Penela, A.
Fisheries Economics and Natural Resources Research Group, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
OBJECTIVES
(i) Analyze major structural changes of European
fisheries fleet
GRT
UE effects
17,4%
(ii) Explore Common Fisheries
Policy
in
2 - waters and third countries waters
community
27,9%
TRB KW –
(iii)
First results
of references
levels are presented
ESPAÑA -29,2%
ESPAÑA -33,4%
-
METHODOLOGY AND DATA BASE USED
3%
Different information and data bases were consulted and
analysed
Inshore fleet reduction
1990-2002 (%)
Coastal fleet reduction
1990-2002 (%)
Vessel
GRT
KW
Vessel
GRT
KW
-10,0
-33,6
-12,2
-27,9
-18,2
-30,3
KW UE
Inshore fleet - Technical development rate (EU average)
1990
2002
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
4,4
36,4
8,1
3,3
36,5
10,9
-
-55,3
%
%
Community Multiannual Guidances Programmes
decisions
FAO FIGIS Database
EUROSTAT: it allowed us classify different segments in
Inshore (0-24,9 GRT), Coastal (25-149,9 GRT), Deep
Sea (150- 499,9 GRT), High Sea (> 500 GRT)
Weaknesses: a) Period 1990-2002 b) Not all capacity
(vessels, tonnage and power) was included
RESULTS
(i) Two processes were detected (a) Reduction of inshore and
coastal fleets and technical development rates (b) Increase
of Deep and High sea fishing capacity
(ii) Fishing effort of European fleet is expanding in High sea
and EEZ’s of third countries
Coastal fleet - Technical development rate (EU average)
59,1
255,6
4,3
Deep Sea fleet reduction
1990-2002 (%)
63,8
242,1
3,7
High Sea fleet reduction
1990-2002 (%)
Vessel
GRT
KW
Vessel
GRT
KW
+16,7
+17,4
-1,2
-11,8
+12,5
+6,4
Deep sea - Technical development rate (EU average)
1990
2002
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
245,9
705,0
2,8
247,4
594,2
2,4
High sea - Technical development rate (EU average)
1.114,4
1.864,6
1,6
1.389,8
2.079,4
1,4
INSHORE AND COASTAL FISHERIES FLEETs
“Better resources uses and energy
efficiency than large-scale fisheries”
Measures to be adopted for small scale fisheries:
Rebuild marine ecosystems to ensure local
communities activity
Preference fisheries rights must be accorded
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
DE
8,6
50,8
5,9
3,0
24,8
8,0
BE
17,0
138,0
8,1
15,0
426,5
28,4
DK
9,7
71,1
7,2
4,6
40,8
8,7
ES
4,2
25,5
6,0
3,1
23,4
7,3
FR
5,6
68,0
12,1
4,2
78,5
18,3
EL
3,1
24,4
7,8
2,4
22,1
9,0
IE
7,5
43,7
5,7
4,5
34,4
7,5
Evolution in %
Thousands
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-45%
-48%
1990
Germany
Spain
Ireland
Portugal
-44%
2002
Belgium
France
Italy
U.Kingdom
Denmark
Greece
Netherlands
2002
Country
IT
5,7
52,5
9,1
4,2
47,6
11,2
NL
11,3
57,1
5,0
6,0
50,2
8,2
PT
2,2
9,1
4,1
1,9
17,0
8,8
UK
5,7
57,7
10,1
4,5
57,9
12,7
1990
Coastal fleet (Tonnage)
Inshore fleet (Power)
Thousands
1990
Inshore fleet (Tonnage)
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
GRT/
Vessel
KW/
Vessel
KW/
GRT
DE
56,1
197,4
3,5
49,5
196,6
3,9
BE
76,2
234,2
3,0
81,4
225,1
2,7
140
DK
62,4
271,1
4,3
54,8
219,7
4,0
120
100
-38%
-33%
80
ES
68,2
255,3
3,7
64,2
217,9
3,3
60
FR
52,7
303,4
5,7
71,4
305,1
4,2
40
20
0
1990
2002
2002
Belgium
France
Italy
U.Kingdom
Denmark
Greece
Netherlands
700
EL
57,9
245,3
4,2
62,7
239,1
3,8
IE
55,4
219,1
3,9
73,3
258,5
3,5
IT
56,0
249,4
4,4
59,5
266,0
4,4
66,2
211,1
3,2
66,4
215,8
3,2
Germnay
Belgium
Denmark
Spain
NL
France
Greece
Ireland
Italy
PT
55,2
225,6
4,0
63,2
247,4
3,9
Netherlands
Portugal
U.Kingdom
UK
50,9
274,4
6,0
67,8
169,0
2,4
-58%
600
Thousandss
Thousands
-55%
160
-35%
Coastal Fleet (Power)
200
180
-34%
1990
Germany
Spain
Ireland
Portugal
2002
Country
19%
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
500
-40%
400
300
-59%
200
100
0
1990
2002
Germnay
Belgium
Denmark
Spain
France
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
U.Kingdom
DEEP AND HIGH SEA FISHERIES FLEET’s
Factors undermining reduction
fishing effort
Inappropriate reduction objectives
“Fish race” of member States
Commission acquiescence
North Atlantic subsidies
Passive control of transfer capacity
between EU countries
Deep Sea fleet (Tonnage)
Evolution in %
250
-20%
Deep Sea fleet (Power)
72%
94%
6
50
2
20
03
20
01
19
99
19
97
19
95
19
93
19
91
19
89
0
19
87
Prim ary produc tion for EU c atc hes in
c om m unity waters
Belgium
Greece
Portugal
3.000
2002
Denmark
Ireland
U.Kingdom
Spain
Italy
High Sea Fleet (Power)
2.500
2.000
350
1.500
-31%
1.000
Catches in EU waters
500
20
03
20
01
19
99
19
97
19
95
19
93
19
91
19
89
0
19
83
T km -2 / per year -1
208%
1990
Germany
France
Netherlands
Thousands
Spain
Italy
-8%
175%
100
0
High Sea fleet (Tonnage)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
300
1983: 38% of total catches
2003: 37%
19
85
2002
Denmark
Ireland
U.Kingdom
101%
200
3
19
83
1990
Belgium
Greece
Portugal
64%
400
4
1
0
Thousands
5
19
87
100
7
42%
19
85
150
Thousands
500
Millions of Tn
Thousands
200
Germnay
France
Netherlands
-42%
600
E U fis heries fleet c atc hes in E U E EZ
300
250
185%
200
170%
150
100
50
0
1990
2002
Germany
Denmark
Spain
France
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
U.Kingdom
Catches and primary production
in community waters are declining
1990
2002
Germany
Denmark
Spain
France
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
U.Kingdom
…and fishing effort in High sea and other EU EEZs is increasing
EU catc hes in High Sea
EU c atc hes in third c ountries
EU c atches in other c ommunity EEZ z ones
8.000
900
7.000
1.000
0
Entry-exit scheme
COMMON FISHERIES
POLICY REFORM
Country
To introduce new capacity with community aid capacity
from 2003 to2004 it should be permanently withdrawn
without aid
(i) 1 Gross Tonne (GT) withdrawn for 1 GT introduced,
for vessels up to 100 GT
(ii) 1.35 GT withdrawn for 1 GT introduced, for vessels
between 100 and 400 GT.
Subsidies until 2004 for vessels under 400 GT. After
that it will be possible receive aid only for safety and
working conditions on board.
Tonnage
2002
20
03
20
01
19
99
19
97
03
01
20
99
20
97
19
95
19
93
19
91
19
89
19
87
19
85
19
83
0
19
19
03
01
20
99
20
97
19
95
19
93
19
91
19
89
19
87
19
85
19
19
19
83
0
1983: 53,7% 2003: 46,7%
1.000
19
95
100
2.000
1983:
1983:4,7%
4,7% 2003:
2003: 8,3%
8,3%
200
19
93
1983: 2,9% 2003: 7,9%
3.000
19
91
200
400
4.000
19
89
300
600
19
87
400
5.000
19
85
500
800
19
83
600
6.000
Thousands of Tn
700
T hous ands of T n
Tho usa nd s of Tn
800
First results of
reference levels
Reference
levels
2003
Tonnage
2004
Power
2002
Reference
levels
2003
Power
12-312004
DE
67.113
84.262
65.959
158.244
175.927
BE
24.194
132.706
23.794
66.863
66.863
66.732
DK
101.081
783.113
97.138
363.202
459.526
323.975
ES
527.268
23.203
498.988
1.266.236
1.793.251
1.210.106
FL
19.736
259.838
19.352
191.233
216.195
187.605
FR
228.065
119.910
228.006
1.096.469
1.164.805
1.109.040
EL
109.303
86.981
97.646
634.921
653.497
568.991
81.222
193.153
230.226
226.389
1.338.971
1.294.303
IR
68.189
229.862
160.225
IT
217.960
213.139
217.493
1.312.797
NL
180.063
194.756
200.497
418.945
527.067
470.202
PT
116.968
286.120
119.140
403.245
492.844
407.001
UK
242.707
51.993
229.608
914.158
1.129.194
889.635
SW
46.982
132.706
44.869
231.286
261.028
225.761
Source: Council Regulation (CE) No 1438/2003, Community Register Fleet.