Final study guide F’11
The Final Exam will be two parts.
One short answer question (25 points)
#1. List the phylum’s we discussed in this course and the evolutionary relationship between them if any.
Be sure to discuss the development of the organism (symbiosis), tissues, organs, systems, and particular anatomical structures that were key to their development and success.
Use the Phylum list below
Hemichordata and Invertebrate chordates(a-b) a) Describe the evidence that links hemichordates and chordates to the same evolutionary lineage. b)
What evidence of chordate likeness is present in adult tunicates? In larval tunicates?
Describe the phylum chordate and its major characteristics. Include the function of unique characteristics associated to chordates. Also list all classes and give an example of each.
#3 Echinoderm through Protozoa (e-l)
Echinoderms e) Compare and contrast the following classes: class Crinoidea, class Echinoidea and class Holothuridea.
Give examples of each.
Hexapods and Myriapods f) Describe the characteristics of the subphylum Myriapods and Hexapods and there major reasons for success. Give examples of each.
Arthropods g) Describe the characteristics of the subphylum Crustacea and the specialization of appendages. Give examples.
Annelida h) Describe the characteristics of the Phylum Annelida and the advantages of metamerism. Give examples.
Mollusc i) Describe the two hypothesis that explains the development of the coelom and which would best fit the Flatworm as its predecessor. Give examples.
Pseudocoelomate Body Plan: Aschelminthes j) Describe the two hypotheses proposed for the Aschelminthes phylogeny and explain how phyla can become similar without having a common ancestor. Give examples.
Cnidirian k) Describe the general characteristics of the Phylum Cnidaria and its “alteration of generations”- and
Describe the reproductive process of Cnidarians. Give examples.
Protozoa l) Describe the characteristics of the Kingdom Protozoa. Is it animal or plant? Why? Give examples
Consist of 75 multiple choice/fill-in questions. You will need to review all terms in
Hemichordata and Invertebrate chordates discussed in lecture.
Some of the new terms for Hemichordate section: Hemichordata, Class Enteropneusta, Class Pterobranchia,
Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Urochordata, Subphylum Cephalochordata, pharyngeal slits, gill slits, open circulatory system, complete digestive tract, nerve cord, deuterostomes, proboscis, collar, trunk, planulalike larva ciliated larva, tornaria, plankton, zooids, stolons, tentacles, arms, neural tube , notochord,
Tunicate, tunic, endostyle, stigmas, atrial siphon, oral siphon, Cephalochordata, amphioxus, oral hood, cirri, cecum, atriopore, ventral fin, dorsal fin, dorsal tubular nerve cord.