Channelization
Human Health Risk
Ecological Risk
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Socioeconomic Risk
STRESSOR SUMMARIES
Channelization is the alteration of natural stream drainage patterns for the purposes of
flood control or improved navigation. Stream channel alterations may involve dredging,
straightening, and the construction of levees. Channelization is a controversial issue:
projects can kill aquatic organisms, destroy wetlands, and cause erosion and additional flooding downstream. Some maintain that channelization projects actually increase flood damage in the long run.
What’s at risk?
What’s being done?
Aquatic systems and associated wetlands and
riparian habitat are at risk. Most channelization
occurred historically, and in urban areas. However, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers currently has more than 20 flood control projects in
New Jersey, whose taxpayers bear the costs
associated with channelization projects. While
impossible to predict the location or extent of
the damage, it is anticipated that some private
property owners downstream of the projects
will suffer damage from increased flooding.
Channelization projects increasingly encounter
opposition from environmentalists and resource
managers who argue that flood control policies
should focus on curtailing development rather
than futile attempts to alter natural stream
channels. Increasing emphasis on storm water
programs that reduce paved surfaces and allow
for more natural absorption of water may
reduce the perceived need for channelization
projects. Current flood control projects require
minimization and/or mitigation of impacts.
State permits are required for encroachment
activities, such as channelization.
What are the ecological impacts in New
Jersey?
Negative impacts include loss of habitat, increased flow and erosion, changes in aquatic
populations, increased water temperature, and
other physical and chemical changes. The majority of impacts most likely occurred historically.
The exact extent of channelization in NJ and
associated impacts have not been adequately
characterized.
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Final Report of the New Jersey State Comparative Risk Project