AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF
-ifl---r___.ßenflm_LLu -------------- for the-.-M.
(Nam)
(Major)
(Degree)
T i tie - ThE
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Date Thesis preseted--5i12/41 ------
.-
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Abstraot Approve4#.(Major Professor)
In a country of the size of øhlna, hydro-electric
power is going to play a very important part in its future
development. Yet hydx'o-power is practically unkown to
China. Whatever electricity China has today is generated
from ue1. To the majority of the people electricity is
a luxury which is obtainable only in the larger cities.
In the 1921 world Power urvGy, the U.
.
Geographleal 4urvey listed China with a total potential power of
20,000,000 hcrse-power; of this 10,000,000 was assigned
to the Yangtze River.
The Yangze is the la rgest river in
*aia. It originates in the high Tibetan Plateau, some
16,000 feet above sea-level, and flows through the heart
of China. The Yangtze River, together with its tributaries
and the network of canals, forms the most extensive water
transportation system in the entire world. The river is
about 3,200 miles long. In the first 500 miles of its
course the river falls about 7,000 feet; for the next 1000
miles the river drops another 8,000 feet. The fall of the
river from Chungking to Ichang, a distsnce of 4(X) miles, is
about 420 feet. From Ichang to the sea, a distance of over
1,000 miles, the river falls but 130 feet. The tidal at
of the river extends as far as Wubu, 325 milos up the river.
Ocean liners of 10,000 tons may proceed up to }Iankow, 640
miles from the sea; liners
5,000 tons may proceed another
360 miles up to Ichang. Be
id Ichang junk navigation is
undertaken to as far as pingshan, some 1,600 milos from t
the sea.
The data employed in this study consists of a 45-year
record of the daily water level of the Yangtze Hiver at
Hankow(reoorded by Hankow Maritime Customs); discharge measurenionts by the Yangtze River Commission from 1922 to
1926; and a 22 year record of the daily vater level of the
Yangtze at Ichang.
a the measured diachargee did not
cover a period long enough to inc3de aU the citica1
tag.s of the river, it waì naoeary to convert the river
level into ctischargee. The f oUowing foruiulaa are f ouM;
2'or liankow:
or Ichang:
Q9.64(2b.2th)2'8 c.t,a.
4el7.(6.L6h)
discharge at kankow , 2,800,000 cubic
feet per second, occurred in August
19a1. Thø average
diacharge at Uankow is about 8b0,000 second-feet, while
that at Ichang is about t$00,000 seconth.feet.
Por a head o! 400 feet, the powe: obtainable fron
the Central Ysngtse, between OhUIIgkLng and Zehang, is
over 2,000,000 h.p of firm power. An additional
h.p is available for 75% of the time. Dtring the 6,000,000
heigh
of the flood season the rtv.r centaine as muob4b0,000,000t
The maximum recorded
],
h.p.
8ince a circle of radius 600 ailes with lohang as
conter contains s3st 0,000,000 people, whose
prest
ocnsution of elect*icit te nil, lb is quite possible
that a domestic market of power
developed. In Cofli.
resources of Central China were surveyed. Iron, coai tin,
antimony, tungstan, etc. are quite abundant.
There az's numerous reasons vty hytro-developaont on
the central part of the Xangtse Niver may be expected in
the near futur.. Th begin with paver from this part of
the rives' is within transmission distance to aU parts of
China. The development of by4ro'power would introduce
electricity to the homes of tì 000n people. Cheap power
would he3, develop the mineral resources in Central China.
Improvement in navigation and flood-control could also be
e:xpeoted from a power project. And from the 8tand..point
of conservation of natural resourcea, bydro'.devolppment
12 IL neoeasit for Chinat, coal and petroleum reserves
are none too large.
may be
neotion with the study of possible markets, the mineral
THE
HYDRO-EtCTRIC
POWER
POSSIBILITIES
CENTRAL YANGTZE RIVER
BEN YIM
A
LIU
THESIS
submitted to the
OREGON STATE COLLEGE
in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the
degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
June 194].
OF THE
APPROVED:
Professor of
Electrical Engineering
In Charge of Major
Head
of Department of Electrical Engineering
Chairman of School Graduate Con,niittee
Chairman of State College Graduate Council
ACKN OWLEDGEMENTS
The writer wishes to express his gratitude and
appreciation to Eugene
O.
Starr, Professor of Electrical
Engineering at the uregon State eollege, under whose
direction this study was carried out.
The writer also
wishes to thank Colonel George G. Stroebe of the U.
S.
Engineers, for his help in securing the data on the
flow of the Yangtze hiver and for invaluable informations regarding the conditions of the Yangtze River
V
TABLE OF OONTENT
List of Illustrations
I.
Vi
Introduction; Location of Yangtze River; Its
Origin,
II.
-------------
ize, and
Iìortance
--------
i
Discharge of Yangtze River: Data on water
Levels from Chinese Maritime Customs;
Discharge Measurenient
by Yangtze River
Commission; Calculated Flow
III.
---------
9
otentiai Power of Central Yangtze River:
Fail of River; Formations of River Bed;
Amount of Available Power
IV.
Possible Markets:
----------
urvey of Mineral Resources
of Central China;
VI.
41
Probable Cost of Development; Basis of
kistimate; k'robable Cost
V.
---------
ervice Areab
------
5L
By-Products of Power Development; Navigation;
--------Conclusions -----------------Bibliography ----------------Appendix ------------------Flood Control; Irrigation
VII.
6
63
65
vi
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figures
Page
1,
Yangtze River Basin
2.
Discharpe of Yangtze at Hankow
24
3.
Discharpe of Yantze at
2B
4.
Gage Heiht of Yangtze at Hankow--Wet Year,
Dry Year, and Áveracre.
ix
-------Ichang --------
-----------
5.
Flow-Duration at Fiankow--1891-1935 ------
6.
Mean Discharge at Hankow
'7.
Water Level at
8.
Flow-Duration at Ichang
9.
Extreme Flow at Ichana
-
----------Ichang--1904-1925 ------(Potential Power)(Potential Power)
¿4
-
.-
-
¿6
lo.
Variation of Discharge and Potential P0wer-
-
¿7
li.
Flow-Duration for Hankow and Ichang
-----
¿6
12.
Profile of Yangtze from Chu.ngking: to Woosung-
42
13.
Primary and Secondary Service Areas
-----
Öl
Plates
1.
Discharge Measurement Stations from Hankow to
Ichan
2.
-------------------
Variation of Water Level, Area, Discharge, and
Mean Velocity at Hankow Gaging Station3.
-
9
Variation of Water Level, Area, Discharg e, and
Mean Velocity at Chihkiang,
4.
8
--------
lu
Discharge, MeanVe1ocit, and Area at Chthkiang _li
vii
Diararn of Rise and Fall of Yangtze at Ichang
1904-1905
6.
----------------------------------------------------
------------------
Diap' ram of Rise and Fall of
.,
1905, 1910,
li.
1915,
yangtze at Ichang
and 1920
---------
------------------
19
1925
C)
-
-
-
Simultaneous Water Levels From Ichang. to
21
Hankow 1925-1926
la.
18
Simultaneous Water Levels From Ichang to
Wuhu
]4.
17
Variations in Maximum Ìeght, Minimum Height,
and Total Range-
13.
16
Diagram of Rise and Fall of Yanctze at Ichang
1904-1925
12.
15
Diagram of Rise and Fall of yangte at Ichang
1921-1925
10.
14
Dia ram of Rise and Fall of Yangte at Ichang.
1916-1920
9.
13
Diagram of Rise and Fall of Yantze at Ichang
1911-1915
S.
12
Diagram of Rise and Fall of Yangtze at Ichang
1906-1910
7.
------------------
Simultaneous Water Levels of Middle Yangtze
and Tributaries
1926
------------
22
vili
APPENDIX
Table
I.
II.
III.
Page
-----
66
Discharge of Yangtze at Hankow (1922-1925)
79
Water Level at Hankow (1891-1935)
Discharge of Yangtze at Chlhkiang
(1925-26)
IV.
V.
VI.
---------------
83
------
85
Mean Depth of Yangtze at Hankow
Data for Flow Duration Curve at Hankow
Flow Duration at Hankow
1900-Dry Year
-
1897-Wet Year,
-------------
VII.
VIII.
DC.
Average Monthly Discharge at Hankow-
88
- -
89
Data for Flow Duration Curve of Yangtze
River at Ichang
------------
90
Extreme Flows of Yangtze River at
Ichang
91
-
-----------------
X.
87
Fluctuations of Yangtze River Discharge
at Ichang
---------------
92
iX
96
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TRE HYDRO-ELEOTRIC POWER POSSIBILITIES OF
CENTRAL YANGTZE RIVER
I.
From
T1Ui
INTRODUCTION
the earliest of time rivers have played an
portant role in human existence.
lin-
Not only were they the
source of food and water but they were also the chief
means of transportation.
In this category perhaps no
river in the world, past or present, has been more prominent than the Yangtze River.
In the valley of this great
river are to be found more inhabitants than in any other
valley in the world.
The Yangtze River is the largest river In Asia and
the most important in China.
of the Chinese Republic.
It Is
situated in the middle
Together with its tributaries
and the network of canals, the Yangtze forms the most Im-
portant water transportation system in the world.
Ocean
liners of 6,000 tons proceed 630 miles up the river to
without difficulty during low water period; during
high water period in the sunmer, liners of 10,000 tons
Hankow
the
can make the trip.
The Yangtze River basin covers an area
ly 756,000 square miles.
of
approximate-
Rot1y, it includes most of the
territories between the 25th and 36th parallels of north
latitude and between the 91st and 122nd meridians of east
1onitude.
Hupeh,
This Includes the entire provinces of Hunan,
Honan, .&rthwei, Kiangel, Kiangsu, Chekiang and
Szechwan, and part of Fukien, Kansu, Shensi, Tsinghai,
Sikang, Yunnan, Kweichow, and Kwansi.
The northern water-
shed Is a prolongation of the main axis of the Tien Shan
and
and the Kuen Lun
starts north of the Tangla Mts., at
an elevation of about 20,000 feet.
It runs almost straight
westward through the southern part of ICansu, Shensi, and
Honan provinces, and then vanishes into the old beds of
the Hwangho.
em
The southern water-shed begins at the south-
slopes of the Tangla Mountains, about 16,000 feet above
sea-level.
It extends southward for several hundred miles
between the Mekong and the Yalung rivers.
the north-western part of
ward;
and worms
its
Yunnan province,
Upon reaching
it turns east-
way across Yunnan, Kwichow, Hunan,
Kiangsi, and whence through Chekiang to the sea.
The Yangtze River,
itself, originates on the southern
slopes of the Tangla Range on the border between Tibet and
Tsinghai.
According to Prjevalsky, early explorer of the
Yangtze, the river bed here measures more than a m-11e from
bank to bank.
During the sumtner floods the bed is full,
while at other times, the stream is about 750 feet wide and
has a depth of from 6 to 7 feet.
a short distance,
Flowing
northeasterly for
the Yangtze turns southward, hemmed in by
the Bayan ICara Range and the Bayan Tukmu Mountains on the
3
north, and on the south by the Kara Ling Mounta1n.
Interesting to
Hwan
note
It Is
that the Mekong, the Saiween and the
rivers all originate not far from the Yangtze.
The
Mekong and Saiween flow practically parallel with the Yangtze for several hundred
miles
and
Here the Mekong
Yunnan.
until they reach southwestern
the Saiween turn southward and
eventually empty into the Indian Ocoan, while the
Yangtze
continues due north for about 70 mIles and then completely
reverses its course for about 100 mIles.
the river
continues until
it
reaches
Turning eastward
the border of Szeehwan,
whence it flows northerly to form the boundary between
Yunrian
and Szochwan provinces,
little farther to
head of junk
the east
navigation.
to as far as Pingshan.
A
the river reaches Suifu, the
From
this
point the Yangtze pro-
coeds to cut through southeastern Szechwan,
southern Hupeh
and Anhwei provinces, and then through Kiangsu to the Pacifie Ocean.
miles.
The total length of the river Is about 3,200
For two-thirds of the distance it
mountainous regions,
the river bed.
the
runs
through
valley being nowhere wider than
In the lower third, beginning at Ichang,
the river flows through the Ysngze Plath. From its source
to Pingshan the flow is torrential and no navigation is
possible;
from Pingshan to Ichang the
quil, and junk navigation is
navigation is possible.
feasible.
river is
more
tran-
Below Ichang steam
The Yangtze River receives the first and the longest
of its affluents, the Yalung river,
on its left bank on
the border of Yunnan and Szechwan.
At Suifu the Yangtze
Is joined br the Min River, perhaps
the most impvrtant
tributary of all, and long considered by the Chinese as
the mother stream of the Yangtze.
The Min River has an
irrigation system that was worked out over two thousand
years ago, and which enables its plain to be the most
productive in China.
Further down, at Chungking, the Kia-
tang joins the Yangtze.
The Kiating and its tributaries
water a large part of western Szechwan.
It was formerly
believed that the high water period in the sunimer was
due to the melting of snow in the Tibetan Plateau, but
it is now known that the great increase of the Yangtze
is due to the heavy rainfall on the Red Basin.
Another
tributary of great importance is the Han Kiang, which joins
the Yangtze at Hankow, the great inland port of China.
In addition the Yangtzo also receives water from China's
Great Lakes, the Tungting, the Poyang, the Hungtze, and
the Tai.
Many minor streams flow into these lakes.
With the development of the water turbine, surface
streams have become a very important source of energy.
Millions of horse-power are being harnessed from streams
daily.
In the 1921 World Power Survey, the U. S. Geographic
J
Survey listed the hydro-power of China as close to
20,000,000 horse-power.
Of this, 10,000,000 are in the
Yangtze River.
The remaining ten millions are scattered
over the other
parts of the country, chiefly in Manchuria,
in the Hwangho and the Si River in southern China.
The
Mekong and the Saiween rivers both flow through Yunnan
province;
perhaps some power may be harnessed from them,
for the fall of these rivers is great in that region.
Undoubtedly the upper half of the Yangtze offers many
opportunities for hydro developments, as the fall of the
river is quite great, and the river flows through many
gorges and canyons.
Scientific data for this part, however,
are lacking so it is not possible to make any study on this
part.
Of the trIbutaries, the Min
River offers the best
possibilities for hydro developments.
The Min has the
greatest discharge of all the tributaries; besides, it has
a fall of about 9000 feet from Sungpung to Wenhien in the
Chengtu Plain, a distance of about 150 miles, or a gradient
of 60 feet per mile.
These factors together with the
presence of a dense population, as well as the existence
of abundant mineral resources along its course, make hydro
development on the Min River
a
certain possibility in the
innediate future.
Another flnportant tributary is the Han Kiang, from
which the city of Hankow derived its name.
The Han river
flows through deep gorges and canyons in southern Shensi
and northwestern Hupeh;
is possible that
its gradient is quite high.
It
much power may be obtained from this part
of the river.
Between Chimgking and Ichang, a distance of 400 miles,
the Yangtze cuts through the southern slopes of the Lan
Shan,
forming some of the most treacherous, and at the same
time,
the most beautiful gorges in the world.
Several
prospective power sites are located in this stretch of the
river.
Up to now very little hydro-power has been developed
in China.
No sizable hydro-plant is known in China proper.
However, in Manchuria hydro developments are in progress
under Japanese sponsorship.
One of these projects, located
on the Sungari River near the city of
Kinn,
is reported
to have a generating capacity of 700,000 kilowatts.
dam is 270 feet high and 3,300 feet long;
water 106 miles up the river.
The
it backs the
This is by far the greatest
project in Asia.
Hydro-power is practically unknown to China.
little has been written on the subject.
Very
For a country of
China's size hydro-power will undoubtedly play an important
part in its development.
This paper will take up the study of the possibilities
of hydro-power development on the Central Yangtze River, or
È'
that part of the river lying between Chungking and Ichang.
There are several reasons for selecting this part of the
river for this study.
To begin with, this is the only
part where data are obtainable.
In recent years the
Central Government has been making a systematic survey of
the Yangtze River from W.ihu to Chungking.
Furthermore, any power development on this part of
the river would be beneficial to navigation.
It might
also facilitate flood control.
Geographically this part of the river lies in the
center of the country.
Shanghai and Canton and the other
coastal cities aro but 600 miles from Ichang.
The power
from this part would be able to reach any part of China.
*oI4
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23
II.
DISCHARGE OF YNGTZE RIVER
For many years the Chinese Maritime Customs at Hankow,
Ichang, Chungking and other Yangtze river ports have been
recording the water level of that river.
Customs Gage was established in 1868.
The Hankow
The lowest water
level of that year was adopted as the zero of the gage.
The level of the zero has been kept with the aid of a
bench mark cut into the river wall.
The bench mark was
originally 89.0886 feet above gage zero, but due to
gradual settling, it is now found to be actually 48.980
feet.
For this study the complete record of the Hankow
Maritime Customs from 1891 to 1935 was used.
In addition
the record of the Maritime Customs at Ichang, from 1904 to
1926 was used.
Not until 1922 was there any attempt to
tematic study of the flow of the Yangtze.
me
a sys-
In December,
1921, the Chinese government formed the Yangtze River
Commission to study the river and make recommendations for
its improvement.
A number of stations were established
along the river to measure its discharge at these points.
Unfortunately, the Conunission took measurements for only
a few years, from
1922 to 1926.
This is not a 1on
period to cover the extreme conditions of the river,
viously a longer period is necessary.
enough
Ob-
The closest thing
--
-DI5CHARGE OF YANGYZE
AT HANKOw
F
I
RIVER
J
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12
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14
METER5
25
resembling the discharge is the water level of the river,
of which a longer record is available.
According to Haysmi, who
of
n3ade a
study of the hydrology
the Yangtze River, a German scientist nainedR. Jasmund
had established the relationship between the discharge and
the water level, namely,
QA(b
and
+
.....................(i)
b.)
Q - a' + b' + c'h2
where L is the discharge and
................(2)
is
the gage height;
the
remaining terms are all arbitrary constants.
By employing all of the 114 measurements made by the
and using
Cornmission from 1923 to 1925 at Hankow,
Steinmetz'
sigma-delta method, formula (1) becomes:
Q.
= 41.594(7.72 + h)2l3lB28 cubic meters/sec.
And, in terms of
English units, it is
Q = 95.64(25.32 + h)2'31826 second-feet
. . .
.
This equation cinpares quite
Hayami, who used 30 measurements.
Q =
and
42.5(h
+
. . . .
. .
. . . .
.
favorably
. .
Since (1) Is more adaptable to slide
tions, no attempt will be made to solve
(2)
are:
.....(lb)
± 2575
Q = 6072.6 + 767.7h + 189.6h2
(la')
with that of
His results
7.72)2.312
*
2492
(2b)
rule calculain this report.
In solving for "b" in (1), two methods are possible.
26
Firstly, "b" may be thought of as the mean depth of the
river below which the river would be dry.
In the present
ease, the mean depth was made known through the work of
the Commission.
If, however, the depth of the river is
not known, then the value of
"ID"
may be found by plotting
the discharge measurements against the water levels;
the
value at which the extended curve crosses the abscissa is
the value of "b".
The Yangtze River Coimnission Reports contain curves
showing the variation of the water level at Ichang
1904 to 1926;
these
from
curves were based upon the data from
the Chinese Maritime Customs at Ichang.
As it was not
possible to obtain the record of the Ichang Maritime
Customs, these curves from the Commission's Reports were
used in the present analysis.
(Plates I-XV)
No actual
measurements of the Yangtzo were taken at Ichang;
however,
the Commission did sorne measuring at Chihkiang, some 35
miles below Ichang, from the suiner of 1925 to 1926.
Be-
tween Ichang and Chihkiang there is no tributary of importance which might influence the flow of the river, so
that the flow at Chihkiang may be considered as equal to
that at Ichang.
It is based upon this assuinption that the
discharge formula is found for Ichang.
The discharge measurements at Chibkiang are shown in
Table III.
For the sake of simplification, twelve measure-
2?
FORMULA FOR DISCHARGE AT ICHANG
h
log(b+h)
b = 2
log Q
6.52
0.93044
4 .27503
19,215
6 61
0.93500
4.28364
37,892
10.20
1,08636
4. 57853
29,369
8.74
1.03100
4. 46777
28,831
8 16
1.00689
4 .45986
12,665
4 57
0.81757
4. 10261
Z: 5.80726
26.16744
3
M ¡sec.
I.C.Z.
meters
18,838
8,045
2.59
0.66181
3..
4,860
o .80
0.44716
3.68664
5,279
1.20
0. 50515
3. 72255
4,988
1 50
0.54407
3 .69793
9,141
3 80
0.76343
3.96099
12,009
4 50
O.81291
4 .07922.
Zz3. 73453
TABLE A
90553
23 .05286
FIG. 3
w3
()
DISCHAR6E OF YANGTZE
V)
w
-_
7
RIVER AT ICHANO
3o
o
Meas.
a
M:
-Cal.Flovv
Ch,hkiar3
at Ichan3
-
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w
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4
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2
3
4
5
CHAN6 CUSTOMS ZERO
6
7
8
tO
Il
METERS
C
ments were selected to solve for
(1).
These measure-
ments are listed in Table A, with the gauge heights corrected to read in meters above the Ichang Customs gauge zero.
Applying the sigma-delta method, the following steps
are taken.
£log(b
+ h) = 2.07273
2
= 3.11458
log
- lo
- 3.l].4
Q
1.502
- log(b+h) - 2.07273
n
r
log Q = 49.22030
.
log (b+h) = 9.54179
nlog (b+h) = 14.31269
log a =
log
Q.
a
log a =
-
n log (b+h) = 34.90761
= 2.90897
a = 810.9
Hence
Q.
= 810.9
(2+h)15 cubic meters/second
(le)
Since the gauge heights are given in feet, it would
be more convenient to express the formula in English
units.
Knowing that there are 35.376 cubic feet in one
cubic meter,
(le) can be written as:
35.376
Q.
= a'
[
3.281(b+h))
n'
second-feet
This is finally reduced to:
Q = 48l7.3(6.56+h)1'5 second-feet
(1cr)
The calculated and the measured discharges are compared
'X'
in Figures 2 and 3.
In p1ottin
the flow duration curve of the Yangtze
River at Hankow, the record of the Hankow Maritime Customs
was brolcen down into many divisions.
The number of days
which the river reached a certain gauge height was actually
tabulated and the discharge for the corresponding gauge
height was calculated.
Figure 4 shows the percentage of
time for which the different water levels are equaled or
exceeded.
In Figuro 5 these water levels are converted
Into discharges.
It Is noted that the duration curve is
rather flat in the middle portion;
this may be due to
the heavy rainfall in the summer months.
At any rate it
is far from being a rectangular hyperbola curve, as are
most flow-duration curves.
The year 1897 was found to
be the wettest on record, while 1900 was the driest.
The
driest month on record was March, 1901, wh±ch had an average gauge height of -1.17 feet.
March 10, 1901, had the
lowest recorded gauge height of -3.2 feet, the correspondIng discharge being 123,000 feet per second.
The mnaxinium
recorded discharge was 2,800,000 cubic feet per second,
taken on August 10, 1931.
The mean average for the 45-
year period is about 850,000 cubic feet per second.
Figure 6 shows the average monthly discharge for the duTaLion of 45 years.
In calculating the flow duration curve for Ichang,
55
50
F
w
45
u-1
u-
35
i
30
UI
-I
ALI
F
,5
/0
5
a
I,
f4
J»
TIME
IN
PER
CENTS
--FIG.
22°c
----
--
t
FLOW
5
RIVER
OF YIANGTZE
AT HANKOW
ooa
N
/80C
i
Q
-- --------- -
___ì
IL
-.---
/4-00
o
/ooc
o
4QC
o
Zoc
£
o
------------s-/0
20
30
50
4o
TIME
IN
PER
í,o
GENT5
fC'
.uu....ÍlIII.
0Cl
-iC9
_!__
MEAN DISCHARGE OF YANGTZE
(6ased on
frori
Hankow Ct±om (ver 6ae
1831-1935 ,nc.luszve)
FIG. 6
L)
Lu
V)
'
cx
/3
a
"z
uJ
/
Lu.
/0.
t-)
O9
L)
08
z
0.7
J
25
11)04
w
<
I
0.3
L)
Û
0
/
TAN.
FEB MAR AP
4AYJLTh
3uL AL6 5EP OCT NOV DEC
---- --
,
o
--- FIG.
!__
T
WATER LEVEL OF
Li
N
Abov.
240
\
F-
_\___________
o
(J,
J
030
z
FVER
YANGTZE
------------.
u,
IchcLrg
Custom5 Z
1904-1925 Ircksive.
I:tE:IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
I
z0
Li
>
o
1-
-C
w
w
LiO
o
-
- ---- ------------- --
o
so
20
30
40
50
PER CENT OF
60
TIME
70
SO
90
O0
(I)
- -- - - - - - --
6uo
o90
.----------------
:5
o 5-
8o
û
z
-
FK3LJRE
---
B
FLOW
DURATION OF
'YANGTZE
RIVER
70
n:
:D
o
I
4- 160
F-
z
Ui
f-
z
w 22O
I
u
(J,
I
I0
- - - - - - - -40- - - - - - - - -o
----
o
io
20
30
PR
50
60
70
0
90
lOO
CENT OF TIME
C
FIG.
9
EXTREME FLOW OF YANOTZE RiVER AT CHAN6
(BASED UPON
-
i.C.
REPORTS)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - Y.
n:
o
o
o
cz
w
o
-_.______--
-4
e-'i
ç,
z
--H --__-
w
i-2
o
-D-
i904
P906
IOB
egio
eGIZ
1914
1916
1918
1920
922
1q24
c,1
o
'z
60
Z55
o
u
VARIATIONS OF
'YAN3TZE RIVER
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
-100w
I
I-
AT
FIG. IO
u-
o
ICHANO
al-'
so
45
w
o
o
u-
t;40
Q35
z
(I,
D
o
:rZS
Iii
ci:
4
I0
u
_
___1___
I
o
z
_A.O
__
SAN FEB
MAR APR MAY JUN JUL
AtJ
SEP
OCT
NOV
ci:
w
o
cL
I-
z
I.-
o
_QcL
DEC
24
-
PIG.II
L___
z
o
FLOWDURATION
OF YANOTZE RIVER
L)
&iiZO
---------------- ---------_
>18
6
L)
14
L)
12
o
-
----\
---
8
-----
Ui
t')
-----_
-
-
4-- -_--
Io
z
I
u
.
--.--
-L-
T------
*---------
- --- --------- ---_
- --60
90
80
40
20
30
o
to
70
50
PER CENT
OF TIME
lOO
39
the water leve? curves from the Yantze River Commission
Reports were employed.
from 1904 to 1926.
These curves cover the period
Here again the number of days which
the various water levels of the Yangtze river were equal-
led or exceeded were tabulated and the percentage of
time computed.
tions.
Figure 7 shows the result of these tabula-
Figure 8 gives the flovi-duration for the 22 years.
It also shows the potential power that could be obtained
for a head of 400 feet.
The maximum and minimum flows for
each year are shown in Figure 9.
It is observed that the
maximum discharge occurred in 1921, about 2,100,000 cubic
feet per second.
The
mini
discharge of about 47,000
cubic feet per second occurred in 1909.
the daily maximìim and minimum,
charge over the 22 year period.
as well as the mean disIt
is seen that the
of the mean discharge occm's in July;
of February is driest.
Figuìo 10 gives
peak
also, the month
These results are slightly dif-
ferent from those obtained at Hankow which show that the
peak occurs in August and the minimum in February.
Figuro 11 compares the two flow duration curves of
the Yangtze River.
It indicates that the flow at Ichang
varies from 40 per cent to about 90 per cent of that at
Hankow, the average being about 55 per cent.
Through the work of Yangtze River Commission the
gauge height of the various ports have been connected to
the Woosung Horizontal Zero.
The Hankow Customs zero is
11.94 meters above the Woosung Horizontal Zero.
The
Ichang Customs zero is about 39.7 meters above the Woosung
Horizontal Zero.
41
III.
POTENTIAL POWER OF THE CENTRAL YANGTZE
In studyinn the potential power of any part of a
river,
it is necessary that the discharge and the available
head be known.
The discharge of the Yangtze has been
approxbnated by formulas (la) and (le).
The profile of
the Yangtze River from Chunking to the sea is shown in
Figure 12.
The gradient of the entire river is listed
in Table B.
DISTANCE AND ELEVATIONS
ALONG YANGTZE RIVER
Place
Miles
Source
Elev. Ft.
above sea
(low water)
Grade
ft./mi.
16,000
550
Batang
Frjevalski
12-1/2
9,000
950
Pingshan
Authority
Little; Gill
8-1/2
900
35
Suifu
1-1/2
850
200
Chungking
1-1/2
550
400
Ichang
Y. R. O.
1
130
360
Hankow
40
640
Sea
Total source
to sea 3,135
Y. R.
C.
Y.
C.
1/4
1/16
O
R.
o
FIG.
6OO
N
- __ --
PROFILE OF YANGTZE RIVER
R Ch ìngKin
\
-.
-
-j
-5OO
z
N
CHUN6KIN6 TO SEA
-LinConnecfèn ga9e Zeros
\\
':k-
--Hh Water
---
----
Low
'.
\-
'X
' \
400
----
Wa hsi
o
z
_
fl_
12
-
Live 6/20/26
2/7/26
,'
___ ___
-
-
n'jhsíert
I
g:
3oo
'
'
taakóy
__
'
z00
\
b Ic
I-.
%
LL
LcL inko
Sh
iu
z
z
o
o
-1500
________ ____ ______
1300
1100
900
500
'100
u-J
HORIZONTAL
DISTANCE
IN
MILES
300
lOO
Q
46
In the 400 miles between Chunking and Ichang the
Yangtze flows through a series of gorges that are continuously over a thousand feet deep.
The difference in
elevation between the two places is about 420 feet.
To
develop an equation for the potential power of a
river, the fundamental equation for work is used, namely,
Work = (Force) (Distance)
..
...
.
.
... .. .. (3)
And since power is the rate of doing work, power is then
work divided by time, or
Power
(Force)(Distance)
t
Time .....(4)
The water in a stream possesses weight as well as moving
through a distance at a definite rate;
hence,
done by a moving stream may be computed.
the work
The potential
horse-power in a river (for a conversion efficiency of
100 per cent) may be expressed as,
H. P . -
62.4)(Hj
____
0.0r
(_
By means of this equation the potential power of the
Yangtze River at its various stages are calculated.
G. G.
Mr.
Stroebe of the U. S. A. Engineers, former Chief
Survey Engineer of the Yangtze River Commission, thinks
that it is
possible to build a dam 1000 feet high in the
Yangtze gorges.
ly desirable.
Such a dam, however, may not be economical-
For the present study a head of 400 feet
will be assumed.
Figure
8 shows
the potential power that is avail-
able at different times. Taking the driest day for the
22-year period as the basis, and neglecting storage, the
firm power is 2.1 million horse-power. For 75 per cent
of the time the river has an available output of 8 million
horse-power. For 50 per cent of the tiane the river has a
potential
power of 21.5
Figure
9
million horse-power.
gives the firm power and the
peak power for
year 1909 had the lowest firm power of
2.1 million horse-power; the maximn occurred in 1921,
almost 96 million horse-power.
each year.
The
Figure lO shows the daily variation in potential
power. It shows that the potential power is least in the
month of February. Much secondary power may be obtained
in the months of Jurie, July, August and September.
As far as power sites are concerned, the deep
and
unquestionably
afford many favorable locations.
The geology of the Yange
Gorges had been studied very extensively.
The rock formation of the river bed is found to be chiefly limestone.
This type of formation is not suitable for the construction
of high-head dams; the construction of low-head dams is
not objectionable. According to ltillis, there is, however,
a 12-mile stretch of Pre-Cambrian granite from near Huangiing-miau to the Lukan Gorge. A high dein could, perhaps
narrow
canyons
between Chungking
and Ichang
45
be built here.
IV.
PROBABLE COST OF DEVELOPMENT
To see whether or not it is possible to develop the
potential power of the Central Yangtze River, it is first
necessary to find out how much it would cost and also
how the power would be used.
As there has not been any
large-scale hydra development in China, lt is very difficult to estimate the cost of such an undertaking.
The
best thing to do perhaps is to find out how much such huge
project cost in the United States.
Of course, it should
be kept in mind that the standard of living for the two
countries are far different, so that the cost of materials
and labor would necessarily be different.
The cost of the outstanding hydro-electric projects
in the United States are listed in Table C.
APPROXIMATE COST OF
Pr o j e e t
Bonneville
Capacity K.W.
504,000
Ti.
S.
PROJECTS
Cost Dam
and Power
;
65,000,000
Boulder
1,370,000
121,000,000
Grand Coulee
1,944,000
186,000,000
V. A.
(10 dams)
1,401,000
505,340,000
T.
TABLE
Transmission
4t43
270,000
50,000,000
75,000,000
C
On the other hand, the Sungari Project in Manchuria
built by the Japanese is reported to cost about
35,00O,O00.
4,'
This project will have a final capacity of 700,000 kilo-
watts.
The size of its
to the Boulder Dam, yet
dein is
reported to be comparable
its cost is much lower.
It is
quite possible that cheaper cost of labor, the lower cost
of cement, lumber, gravel, and other materials might have
resulted in its low cost of construction.
At that lt is
very doubtful that this could be duplicated in China proper.
Conditions in China are not so favorable.
ber would be much greater;
would be higher.
The cost of lum-
the cost of cement and steel
Besides this, the materials would have
to be transported over a thousand miles up the Yangtze
River.
The cost of labor perhaps would be a saving, but
even here, it is doubtful that China could supply the skilled
labor for such a project.
As far as building the dam is concerned, probably it
would be cheaper to build lt in China than in the United
States.
The equipments for the generation of electrical
energy and its transmission would most likely be more expensive for China.
Taking into consideration the cost of
labor and the cost of materials, it is probably reasonable
to assume that the cost of a Chinese project would be about
75 per cent of that in America.
The development of the hydro-power in the Central
Yangtze may take the form of one high-head dam, or it may
be in the forni of a series of low-head dams.
Each plan has
its advantages.
For the high-head
the fina]. cost
darn
would be less, but the initial cost would be tremendous.
A high-head dam Is also more desirable for improvement of
navigation.
at a time.
Under the second plan one dam could be built
It would be much easier to find markets for
the power of a smaller plant.
increases, another
darn
As the demand for power
may be built.
In this way the
initial cost is much less.
A hydro-power plant of, say, 5,000,000 horse-power
located at the Yangtze gorges is not only possible but
very probable in the near future.
For a head of about 400
feet, this would utilize the power that is available in the
river 90 per cent of the time.
due to the high
installed.
P75
darn,
With the added storage
perhaps a larger capacity could be
The estimated cost of such a project, on the
per cent basis, would be about
200,000,000.
The
population within the service area of a 300-mile radius
is approximately 110,000,000.
The per capita investment
for such a project would then be
l.80.
If the service
area of a 600-mile radius is considered, the per capita
cost would be leas than a dollar.
From
the standpoint of per capita investment, such a
project would be feasible.
The benefits derived from it
would be many--the introduction of new industries, the innovation of electricity to the Chinese homes, the improve-
ment in navigation, the lessened danger of floods, etc.
It would be difficult to list the probable returns of
such
ari
undertaking in terms of dollars and cents; but
it is very evident that the project would be highly bene-
ficial to the people of China.
5u
V.
POSSIBLE MARXETS
To study the possible marIets for the potential
power of the Central Yangtze River, two concentric circles
of radii 300 and 600 miles are drawn with Ichang as the
prnary service zone would be
center.
The
circle.
Present day transmIssion facilities permIt econom-
the 300-xriile
ical transmIssion of electrical energy only 300 miles from
its source.
However, with constant researches being done
on the subject, it Is quite possible that economical trans-
mission of greater distances may be accomplished in the
near future.
Hence, a secondary service zone of 300 miles
beyond the primary zone Is not too remote to be considered.
Electricity as it is now knowiì in China is f ar beyond
the reach of the masses.
Only the more well-to-do, at
that only those living in cities, are able to use electricity.
No figures are available for these consumers.
In
the United States it is interesting to note that the aver-
age domestic consumption increased from 440 kilowatt hours
in 1910 to over 800 kilowatt hours in 1939.
ritones under the
T.
V. A.
In the
ter-
the average for 1938 was about
1500 kilowatt hours.
It would bd too optimistic
to expect the
110,000,000
inhabitants within the primary service zone to consume anything close to the American fIgures.
The average family
r-c\
,-#
\
-
II
M
N
G
o
L
A
I
)
I
'-
\
-
N
N
(_
G
(___
%
-
\
1
C,
-
»
'\...._
\
\
%
s..__..
¼
*s
,
\\
\
I
-
-v-'5
'- -
i
-
yLO w
;'
s E
,s__'-Th____4
s
.
\\t
4,
-Z-
-
Shan±JhaI
'
\)
v1Â
.
Figur
¡3
)
V)(WiCl''
I
-'
ç
PRIMARY
SERVICE
OF
SECONDARY
(YUN
¼j
>
f)
\v-
1-:T;
ZONES
CENTRAL YANGTZE
-
OL
(
T
\
ç
C.
'
.
-
/
/'---..'
_
suiyuii
's
-)
--- ---,.?P:-/
J
ç\
MGtSA
'
I
, /\ \
- \\
s
'
-,
/-\
-y
,;'\
\_
)
1
*
o
L_---
Canton
POWER
o
oo
oo
JOO
-==$--a=---
4Ø)
f
52
income for the people along the Yangtze River was 300
yens in 1930.
With governmental subsidies, it might be possible to
develop a domestic market.
Such a policy would bring no
immediate monetary returns, but over a period of years, it
might be profitable.
Such a policy would have far reach-
ing effects on the standard of living of the common people.
With proper education for the use of electricity and with
improved incomes, the domestic consumption alone would
possibly be enough to utilize all the potential power of
the Central Yangtze River.
accomplished over-night.
One of the
This, however, could not be
More immediate markets are needed.
chief uses of electricity is in connection
with the development of various mineral resources.
The
development of mineral resources depends on the local
availability of cheap mechanical or electrical energy.
The value of the minerals in the ground is very closely
related to the source of energy needed to recover these
minerals for commercial use.
In the following paragraphs,
a brief survey of the mineral resources within the
service
zones will be made.
China was formerly known to be fabulously rich in
minera]. resources.
Recent scientific investigations have
proved this to be false.
Even though China has the largest
coal and iron reserves in the Orient, she might not have
5Ô
enough if she were to become as industrialIzed as the
United States or any other industrial nation.
The estimated amount of coal reserves in China is
subject to wide variations.
Drake estimated that China
has a reserve of 996,613 million tons, while H. H. Wong
of the Chinese Geographical Survey believes that the coal
reserve of China is 246,081 million tons.
A large per-
centage of this reserve Is found in the provinces of
Shansi, Shensi, Honan, Human, and Kansu.
Shansiwith
a reserve of 714,340
Drake credited
million tons.
China
ranks third In coal reserves in the world, surpassed only
by the United States, which has 3,838,657 million tons,
and by Canada, which has 1,234,269 million tons.
According to Wong, China's coal reserve Is enough to
supply her for 2,000 years at the present rate of consumption of 20 million tons per year; but this would last only
70 years if based upon the annual American consumption
of 680 million tons.
The chief use of coal In China today
is for house heating.
China has about 1,000,000,000 tons of iron reserve.
0f this, 75 per cent Is located in the province of LIaoning,
in Manchuria.
The Manchurian ores, however, are of infe-
rior quality.
In China proper there are two important iron
regions, one in the Hsuanhua-Lungyen area in southern
Chahar, and the other in the Yangtze valley, in the provmn-
54
ces of Kiangsu,
the
nhu1, Kiarìgsi, and Hupeh.
latter region are
The
ores In
of high quality.
annual Iron ore production In China Is about 2.5
million tons, 70 per cent of this coming from Liaoning
The
and the Yangtze
valley, the remaining from all over the
country. Most of the Chinese ores are exported to Japan.
Sorne smelting was forrierly done at the Hanyang and Tayeh
iron works, but these plants have ceased to operate in
recent years. The Yangtze valley ores are well within the
service zone of the power project, so lt is possible that
the iron industry might be revived in the future with the
aid of cheap eectric power.
sil'er
deposits of China are located in
Chahar and Hupeh provinces, thus placing them outside of
the scope of the priary service zone. But most of the
silver Is produced In Hunan province in connection with
the lead and zinc minings.
Lead and zinc do not occur in large quantities in
China. The annual output In zinc Is about 8,000 tons;
although as much as 30,000 tons have been produce in one
year. The outstanding lead and zinc mine is located in
Shlu Kow Shan, near Changsha in Hunan province. Another
important mine Is located in Yunnarì.
China has very few known copper deposits. The copper
center is in Yunnan. Smaller quantities are found In s*ithThe known
55
orn Hupeh province, along with the iron ores.
From the standpoint of value, tin is the most important mineral in China.
China ranks fourth in world
production of tin, the annual production being varied
8,000 to 10,000 tons.
from
Most of the tin ores are shipThe chief tin deposits are
ped to Hongkong to be refined.
Minor deposits also occur in southern Hunan,
in Yunnan.
Kwangtung and Kwangsi.
The Sikuangshan
mines of Hunan
ducers of antimony in the world.
over 80 per cent of the
smelted in
Changsha.
are the largest pro-
China annually supplies
wrld's antimony.
The ores are
Important deposits are also found
in Kwangtung, Kwangsi, Yunnan and Kweichow.
China also domInates the world market In tungsten.
Leading producing provinces are Kwangtun, Kwangsl, and
Hunan.
tons.
arid
The annual output of tungsten ores
The tungsten ores are
shipped
is about 6,000
chiefly to Germany
the United States.
Manganese deposits have been
uncovered in
Hunan, Kwantung, Kwangsi, and Kiangsi.
center of manganese is Hunan.
southern
The producing
The ores are shipped chief-
ly to Japan.
In the province
of
Hunan varying amounts of arsenic,
bismuth, and mercury are also
produced annually.
Important
56
deposits of these metals have not yet been found anywhere
in China.
Sulphur occurs in small amounts in several provinces.
The estimated reserve of China has been placed at 120,000
tons.
In the Shul Kou Shan lead and zinc mine, sulphur
has been produced as a by-product of lead and zinc.
The data on the above resources are based on the
results of investigations by well-known
eo1ogists and
engineers, who had made extensivo studies in China.
Is
possible that they had overlooked many important de-
posits;
or, they might
deposits.
a
It
have over-estimated some of the
Their figures, nevertheless, furnish one with
reasonably good idea of the mineral resources of China.
In suimnarizing the mineral resources of China, it
can be said that Hunan province appears to be outstanding.
As Hunan is within the primary service zone of the Yangtze
power, it could be reasonably expected that the mining
industry in this province would become a good market.
The
iron deposits on the Yangtze valley could possibly be mined
and smelted with cheap power from the Yangtze River.
The
establisbment of large scale iron industrtes is possible.
The combination of cheap electric power, cheap transporta-
tion on the Yangtze River, abundance of cheap labor, as
well as the density of population would undoubtedly go a
long way in inducing new industries to come to the Yangtze
57
valley.
In connection with the discussion of possible mar-
kets for the Yarigtze power, the use of electÍ1city for
the manufacturing of fertilizers should not be overlooked.
China is essentially an agricultural country.
Cultivation
has been extensive, but the methods have been crude and
laborious.
The use of artificial fertilizer would greatly
increase the yield of crops.
Prom Figure 12, it is seen that the secondary service
zone includes such coastal cities as Shanghai, Hangchow,
Foochow, and Canton.
The two service zones practically
include the whole of China.
area is about 400,000,000.
The population within this
By constructing high power
transmission lines from its source at the Central Yangtze,
any amount of power could undoubtedly be consumed within
the area.
VI.
BY-PRODUCTS OF POWER DEVELOPItENT
Any power development on the Yangtze River would
necessarily be beneficial to navigation and irrigation
as well as to flood control.
Shipping on the Central
Yangtze has been very hazardous.
According to 6ressey,
navigation on this stretch of the Yangtze is perhaps the
most difficult in the
world.
The velocity of the river is
tremendous, as much as 14 knots per hour.
numerous.
Rapids are
Shipwrecks are a daily occurrence.
At present flat-bottom steam boats operate between
Chungking and Ichang.
goods are
carried
But by far the larger volume of
by native boats.
During the high water
period in the summner, navigation is comparatively easier,
but for nìost of the year, native sailors have to drag
their cargoes up the river at numerous places.
The Yangtze River is the only outlet for the products
of Szechwan, the richest province in China.
its chief port.
Chungking is
The value of goods handled by Chungking
in 1932 was over 50,000,000 Hongkong dollars, according
to the China Year-Book.
country.
This ranked her seventh in the
The amount of revenues collected by the
Customs was 1,263,000 Hongkong
dollars. In
IiIaritiirie
that same year
the amount of freight handled by the three leading ports
on the Central Yangtze, Chungking, Ichang, and Wanhsien,
59
aggregated over 2,643,325 tons.
in this part were domestic.
All the trades handled
With improvement 0f navi-
gation the tonnage would probably be increased;
the dan-
ger of navigation would be reduced; the burden of the
native boatmen would be lightened.
Flood menace from the Yangtze River has not boen as
great as that of the Hwangho, "China Sorrow."
In fact
it was thought that flood disaster of the Hwangho type
was impossible.
The several lakes along the course of
the Yangtze aro natural reservoirs, receiving water
durg
the high water season and holding it until after the flood
period is past.
Du.ring the summer the Tungting Lake reaches
a maximum size of 56 by 75 miles and the Poyang Lake, 20
by 90 miles.
In the winter these saine lakes are almost
dry.
In 1931, however, the impossible happened.
rainfall
:1n
A record
the sumrner caused the river to overflow its
banks, resulting in the most disastrous flood ever recorded.
A damage of 2,000,000,000 yens was estimated.
The construction of a high dam for the purpose of
power would undoubtedly lessen the danger of floods from
the Yangtze.
In fact, the combination of such a huge arti-
Cicial reservoir together with the natural reservoirs
in the lakes would make flood menace on the Yangtzo very
remote.
6LJ
VII.
From the study of
CONCLUSIONS
the potential power of the
Central
Yangtze River, a few conclusions are drawn.
For a 400-foot head, the Central Yangtze has a
1.
firm power of
at least 2,000,000 horse-power, and for
75 per cent of the time, 8,000,000 are available.
This
means that the river can supply continuously about
13,000,000,000 kiloatt hours of electrical energy during
the year.
Further, it can supply an additional 78,000,000,-
000 kilowatt hours for three-fourths of the time.
The power calculations may involve some innaccu-
2.
rate estimates, but it is certain that the Yangtze River
possesses more than 10,000,000 potential house-power,
the amount a3signed her in the 1921 World Power Survey.
The foundation of sandstone and limestone
3.
in the
gorges is unsuitable for the construction of high-head
dams.
However, there is a twelve-mile stretch of granite
formation which might be suitable for location of a high-
head dun.
Some darn sites should be possible in these deep
narrowgorges.
4.
The development of hydro-power on this part of
the river would be most logical because of its important
geographical location.
Vith the construction of a system
of high-voltage transmission lines, electrical energy from
6].
this part could be transmitted to all parts of the country.
5.
Cheap electrical power would bring now Industries
to the Yangtze valley.
It would help develop the
resources in Central China.
iineral
The iron industry, for one,
would be revived.
6.
The surplus power may be used to manufacture
fertilizer for the Chinese farms.
This would Increase the
productivity of the farms and increase the income of the
farmers.
7.
project
The power policy of the Centra]. Yangtze
should be such as to provide the common people with elecTransmission lines should be constructed to
trlcity.
villages and distant towns so that power may be
available
to the masses.
8.
A
many-purpose, high-bead
darn
should
ted instead of a series of low-head dams.
cllitate navigation
9.
and help
cost of such a
The
project is estimated at
This
would place
of the Yangtze River project at about
will undoubtedly
cost would be
about
This would fa-
to control floods.
per cent of that in america.
actual cost
be construe-
'75
the cost
2OO,OOO,OOO.
be much less.
The
The per capita
4l.8O if only the primary service
zone of 300-mile radius is considered; but if the
secondary
zone of a 600-nile radius is included, this would be only
about fift7 cents per person.
In all probability, this
62
project would have to be financed by govenrnent bonds.
lo.
From the standpoint of conservation of natural
resources, lt is imperative that China should develop her
hydro-power.
Her coal
ierve
is only enough to supply her
a limited niimber of years--2000 years, at the present
Chinese rate, and only
rate.
'70
years, at the present Anerican
China's petroleum reserve is negligIble.
From the
reports of the many surveys ordered by the Central Government, China has very little petroleum.
However, it is
possible that Tibet and other parts of China's hinterland might have some oil.
Since coal and petroleum are
the chief source of power for industries,
it is evident
that China must develop her hydro-power if she is to become
industrialized.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Atlases
1.
Rand McNal1
China and Japan.
& Co., New York,
Ch1cao,
San Francisco.
2.
World Atlas of Commercial Geology; Part II, Water Power
of the World.
3.
U.
S.
Geographical Survey (1921)
Ores and Industry in
Bain, H. F.
te
Far East.
Council
on Foreign Relations, Inc., New York (1927)
4.
Book Co.
5.
Water Power Engineering,.
Barrows, P. K.
,
Inc.
Cressev, G. B.
,
New York and London
(
McGraw-Hill
1934)
China's Geographical Foundations. McGraw-
Hill Book Co., Inc., New York and London (1934)
6.
Little, A.
7.
Willis, B.
J.
Oxford, Carendon Press (1905)
The Far East.
Research in China, Vol.
Carnegie Istitu-
I.
tion of Washington (1907)
8.
The China Year-Book, 1934.
University of Chicago Press.
Governmental Dncuments and Reports
9.
Columbia River and Tributaries, Vol.
#103,
lo.
1
&
2.
House Doc.
73rd Congress, ist Session (1933)
Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House Representative.
Oolubia River (Bonneville
Cong ress,
ist Session on H.
Darn)
R.
Ore7gon and Wash.
7642.
,
75th
64
il.
Investigation on Tennessee Valley Authority--Report.
Senate Doc. #56, pt.
12.
3,
75th Congress, ist Session.
Investigation of Tennessee Valley Authority, App.
Senate Doc.
56,
pt.
3.
B.
ist Session
76th Congress,
(1939
13.
A Study of the Tholesale
Oregon State Planning Board.
Cost of Bonneville Power (Dec.
14.
O,
1935)
Development of N0rthwest
Oregon State planning Board.
Through Bonneville Power (Sept. 1936).
1F.
The Use of Electricity in
Oregon State PlannIng Board.
Oregon and Forecasts of Future Demands.(Sept. 1936).
16. U.
S.
Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. Mineral
Resources and Possible Industrial Development in the
Region Surrounding Boulder
17.
U. S.
Dept. of Interior.
Darn (Nov.
The Hoover
1934).
Darn
P0wer and Water
Contracts and Related Data.
18.
Yangtze River Commission Reports (1926-1929).
Other periodicals
19. Hayanii,
China.
Vol.
Hydrological Studies on the Yangtze River of
S.
Shanghai Science Institute Journal, Sec.
1.(Deparate print #7)
20. Wyer, S. S.
,
Study of Boulder
Mar.
Darn
1,
1938.
Project. (pamphlet)
APPEND ]I
TABLE I
YANGTZE RIVER WATER
LEVEL 1891.-].935
BY HANKOw MARITIME CtJSTOM
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW
-ate
2
.1
3
.1
S
6
7
8
9
10
__
1891
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1901)
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
.9
1910
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1920
I
2
3
4
5
6
o
9
1930
I
2
3
4
5
9.28.7
II
12
13
14
IS
16
17
18
(In
19
20
JANUARY
Feet)
2$
22
23 1.24
3.33.2.3Ol3.O2.92.62.2
25
26
27
29
28
30
31
I
8.5
8.2
81
5,24.34.84.74.9
7.9
5.3
6.3
7.77.47.1
6.9
5.7
6.26.1 5.85.5 S45.2
4.9
4.S
4.2
4.0
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.S
5.34.94.84.54.54.2 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.9 2J 26 2.42.3;2.1 1.9 1.81.51.2 1.2
8.0.7.2 7.1 6.7 6.5
s.s 5.24.9 4.54.44.2
3.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 3.O3.O3.l 3.2;3.43.8 3.73.5'3.2 2.82.62.5 L62.7
3.83.73.1 3.23.23.33.33.43.43.43.33.23.1 3.02.92.72.72.2i2.2 2.22.01.71.7 1.51.51.41.5 l.92.63.23J
6.916.7 6.4 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.45.04.64.44.34.24.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.23.1 3.O2.92.8 2.7 2.4 2.4:2.22.11.7 1.6 1.5
3,02.7 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 .7 1.5 1.20.70.7 0.7 0.40.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7I0.7O.7 0.7,0.7 0.7 0.7 0.01.? 1.00.8
10.09.79.3 9.1 8.7 8.0 8.07.87.71.77.77.6 7.4 7.47.47.7 7.67.6 7.88.08.08.0 8.O7.8'7.6 7.4 7.26.86.3 6.16.0
9.28.6 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.7 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.16.7 6.46.36.46.1 6.2 6.O5.8S.75.6
3.33.2 3.2 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.32.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.32.2 2.12.O1.91.7 1.41.2
5.76.06.3 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.76.76.8 6.76.76.5 6.25.9 5.7 S.6.35.1 5.04.9 4.84.814.54.1 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.5:3.2 3.73.1
0.0 0.1 0.00.20.60.60.6-Q.l-0.6H.7 2.8:3.7 4.6 5.26.1 6.7!7.2 7.88.6
5.7
5.9
5.7
5.7
2,22.1
Mean
_____
5.49
3.86
4.32
2.73
4.02
1.13
7.86
7.36
2.40
S.3S
1.27
1.9 1.8
11 1.5 lA 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.2-0.1 02 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8IQ.50.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.92
3.4 3.4 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.72.5 2.3 2.0 1.7H.4 1.21.0 0.7O.7 0.40.4 0.40.3 0.7 0.70.7 0.7 0.7 2.03
3.7 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1
i.OIi.o 0.90.9 0.70.6 0.40.2 0.00.0-0.l 0.2 0.2 1.67
72 7;0 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.3 5.9 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.1 S.2S.7 6.0; 6.6 6.6 7.91 8.51 8.8! 8.8 8.5 8.2 8.2 8.2 7.8 7.57.2 6.80
17,8 18.5 18.9 19.2 19.4 i9.4 19.3 19.2 18.7 17.9 17.2 17.7 ¡7.7 17.7 17.6 17.5 f7.S 17.2 16.7 16.1 15.6 I14
14.2 14.0 13 8 13.7 13.5 :13 2 2.7 12.4 12.1 16.57
4.34.24.1 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.1 2.8 2.62.4 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.2
1.211.11.2
2.31
7.27.2
11.711.511.411.411.210.810.510.410.210.09.89.6 9.3 8.8 8.7 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.0 7.5
7.2
8.90
6.9 6.8 6.76.7 6.9
9.2 9.2 9.0 8.8 8.5 8.0 8.07.8 7.6 7.47.27.0 6.86.7 6.7 6.8 6.917.0 7.0 7.07.1 7.4 7.717.9 8.0 8.9 8.1 8.1 8.07.9 7.8
773
8,7: 8.4 8.4 8.2 8.2 8.1 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.3 9.1 9.8 10.4 10.7 10.1 10.9 11.2 11.3 11.2 11.1 11.0 11.0 11.211 311.5 11.6 11.5 11.6 10.8 10.6 9.94
I1.O!0.710.410.1j9.6 9.2 8.9 8.7 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.67.37.2 7.06.7 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.o 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.2 7.33
21.5 21.0 20.9 20.7 20.2 19.7 19.2 18.7 18.1 17.6 17.1 16.6 16.3 16.3 16.5 16.6 16.6 16.4 162 16.1 15.9 15.7 15.3 IS.0 !47
14.6 14.7 14.9 15.1 15.2 15.4 17.15
7.1 7.2 7.4 7.57.7 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.4 7.1 6.8 6.7 6.3 6.1 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.1
s.0 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.83.8 3.9
4.2 5.73
7.57.2 7.0 6.76.3 6.0 5.5 5.1 4.74.3 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.2 2.82.6 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.82.1 2.32.7 3.0 3.74.14.7 5.2 3.93
7.4 7.4 7.2 6.9 6.7 6.3 6.1 5.9 5.75.4
4.04.0 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.2 2.92.8
1.8
1.7
4.44
6.7 6.6
6.4 6.1 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3.5.0 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.0 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.214.2 4.24.2 4.3 4.5 4.6
5.13
5.75.55.2 5.04.84.7
3.7 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.02.7 2.5 2.42.2 2.01.8 1.7 1.S1.41.3
1.2 1.3
3.43
5.45.2 5.2
3.93.73.6 3.33.1 2.9 2.8 2.62.4 2.2
2.1 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.3
2.78
l7.016.4 16.015.715.1 14.7 14.1 13.512.712.011.310.9 10.710.310.0 9.7 9.5 391 8.5 8.2 8.1 8.0 8.0 7.7 741 72 7.0 7.0J6.8 6716.6 10.79
4.V4.7 4.64.5 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.7,0.6 0.5 0.40.2 0.2 0.2 2.39
11.211.2 11.2 11.3 11.6 12.0 12.4 12.6 12.7 12.7 12.5 12.2 11.7 114 11.2 0.9 10.7 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.4 9.0 8.7 8.3 8.1 7.7 7.5 7.1 6.8 6.5 6.2 10.24
9.OFS.9 8.8 8.6 8.5 8.3
6.86.7 6.6 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.56.3 6.3 6.3 6.3'6.416.26.15.9 7.15
5.9 5.7 5.6 5.3 5.2 Si 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.7
1.4' 1.4 1.4 1.2 3.36
1.5 1.4
6.86.6 6.5 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.8S.75.6 5.65.6 5.6
4.4 4.34.1 4.14.1
5.20
4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.33.5
3.73.73.6 3.9
5.0 5.1 Si 5.15.1
5.1 5.1
5.1
S.l 5.3 4.22
5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.65.5 5.35.1 4.94.7
4.64.714.7 4.94.9 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.7
3.7 4.96
13.6 13012.4 12.1 11.6 11.0 10.3 9.8 9.2 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.2 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.9 10.0 9.9 9.8 9.5 9.5 9.2 9.1
8.8 8.6 8.4 8.7 7.8, 995
5.4.5.3 5.0 4.84.4 3.93.52.9 2.8 2.7 2.42.6 2.9 2.3
4.34.1 3.9-3.6 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.7 24 2.32.O 1.9 1.8 3.49
1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5
1.5 1.4
1.4 13 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.110.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.20.1
0.10.75
6.97.06.8 6.6 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.3 S.l 4.81.5 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.7 4.1j4.75.2F 5.09
8.4 8.27.9 7.7 7.3 6.8 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.4
3.9 4.1 4.414.8'S.37
9.59.5 9.5 9.4 9.3 9.3 8.7 8.8 8.6 8.5 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.5 7.2 6.9 6.6 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.6 S.S 5.5 5.5 5.5 3.6
S.s 5.5 5.6
7.33
7.06.9 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.76.76.7 6.5
5.9 5.95.9 5.9 5.8 5.85.7 5.7 5.6 5.6 S.S 5.5 S.4;5.3S.2 6.12
7.6 7.4 74 7.2 7.1 6.8 6.7 6.5 6.4 6.2 5.9 Si 5.5 5.3 5.1 4.8 4,6 4.54.4 4.34.3.4.14.0 3.9 3.7 3.6
5.16
3.5 3.3
5.6 S.S 5.4 5.5 5.5 S.S 5.5 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.S 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.6 7.3 8.2 8.9 9.4 9.6 9.4 9.1 8.6 8.1 7.6 7.1
6.5 5.9 5.3 4.8 4.3 6.76
3.6
4,0
1.2H.2I.2
5.2504.44.1
4.74.34.54.34.24.24.03.8
5.04.74.54.34.1
8.28.07.87.57.37.2
7.27.27.0
1.21.7;I.82.43.3
4.14.l4.2
2.72.62.32.22.0
1.1Io.9o.7o.7:o.so.3o.2
i
5.55.45.04.84.84.84.84.84,84.74.6
3.63.63.83.83.8
4.24.54.8
4.54.34.24.3
3.94.3L54.4
4.24.34.4
4.74.64.54.2
s6r57
6.26.06.06.05.9
3.12.72.4
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW (In Feet)
FEBRUARY
1891
2
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.8
3.2
3.5
3.4
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.7
3 5
3.2
3.0
2.5
2.2
2.2
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.6
1.9
2.3
3.3
4.1
5.8
5.9
6.2
6.5
6.7
6.7
6.6
'6.4
6.2
5.7
5.2
5.3
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.2
4.3
4.7
5.3
6.1
6.8
7.7
8.4
8.8
4
4.2
4.6
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.0
4.9
4.8
4.2
4.7
4.8
4.2
5.1
3
2.8
4.0
4.6
4.4
4.2
4.2
3.9
3.7
3.5
2.9
2.9
2.8
9.7 10.0
2.8
2.7
1.3
1.2
O.8
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
3.3
0.7
3.0
1.4
4.5
0.8
4.5
5
08
0.8
0.7
0.4
0.4
0.8
1.2
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GAUGE HEIGHT AT FIANKOW
.
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26.1 ¿5.8 25.6
13.5 14.6 15.6
11.3 11.6 11.6
1.2 1.4 1.7
12.7 12.9 13.2
10.8 11.0 11.2
2.1 2.2 2.5
17.5 17.6 17.6
15.2 15.7 16.1
6.1 6.5 6.7
7.9 8.3 8.9
2.4 2.4 2.6
12.2 12.7 12.9
12.0 12.5 12.7
16.7 16.2 16.0
10.9 11.1 11.6
8.4 8.6 8.6
0.9 0.7 0.5
13.3 13.8 14.6
17.8 17.4 16.8
10.0 11.0 11.8
11.3 11.7 12.0
1.0 9.8 9.8
16.4 15.2 14.5
II.!
2
0.00.20.7
0.2
14.9 16.3 17.7
11.9 12.7 13.5
13.1 14.2 15.3
11.6 11.2 10.8
6.0 5.8 5.7
9.9 9.3 8.7
6.7 7.5 7.9
6.9 6.8 6.7
!3.4 23 7 24.0
25.3 24.9 243
16.7 17.6 18.2
11.3 11.2 11.1
2.7 3.7 4.7
13.3 13.4 13.4
11.2 11.2 11.4
2.7 3.0 3.1
17.6 17.3 17.0
16.4 16.9 17.Z
7.3 7.8 8.1
9.9 I0.S 10.6
3.1
13.0
12.5
15.7
12.3
8.4
0.3
15.3
I
I
19
-1.6 -1.7 -1.8 -1.8 -2.0 -2.2 -2.3 -2.5 -2.7 -3.2 -3.1 -2.9 -2.7 -2.7 -2.7 -2 6 -2.5 -2.4 -2.3 -2.3 -2
0.0
3.0
0.7
MARCI
Feet)
----I
o.e
:?;;-
(In
3.44.0
13.0
12.2
15.3
12.3
8.0
0.1
15.8
15.6
12.8
11.5
9.6
16.2
12.4
11.9
9.7
13.6 13.2
12.8
12.4
15.0
12.3
7.6
0.1
16.0
15.1
13.3
11.0
9.6
12.0
-2.0 -1.5
1.1
1.1
18.7 18.7
149 15.2
17.9 18.7
10.5 10.7
5.2 5.2
9.0 9.8
8.8 9.2
6.3 6.5
23.6 23.3
22.7 21.9
18.2 19.2
11.1 11.2 11.5
5.7 6.2 6.3
13.2 13.1 13.0
11.9 12.5 12.7
3.2 3.5 4.2
17.0 17.1 17.4
17.3 17.2 17.0
8.4 8.3 8.5
10.8 10.5 10.7
5.36.9 8.2
12.5 11.8 11.4
13.0 13.6 14.5
14.8 14.9 15.5
12.5 12.3 12.1
7.8 6.9 6.8
0.0 0.0 -0.1
16.0 15.8 15.6
14.5 14.0 13.6
13.5 13.8 13.8
10.4 9.3 8.7
9.4 9.5 9.3
11.7 11.6 11.5
18.2
14.2
16.7
10.6
5.5
8.7
8.2
6.5
23.9
23.7
18.2
24
25
26
28
27
14.6 14.7 14.6 1.J
3.7 3.63.6
14.7 15.6 16.2 17.0
20.1 19.8 19.6 19.6
4.4
3.8
8.0 8.0 7.7 7.4
17.7 17.7 17.8 18.0
6.4
6.8 6.8 6.9
10.3 10.0 9.8
.8
7.6 7.2 6.7. 6.3
-0.8 0.0 1.2 2.6
0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1
18.7 18.5 18.3 17.9
p5.3 15.3115.1 14.5
19.4 19.7 20.1 20.2
10.8 11.0 11.7 12.8
5.2 5.8 7.2 9.0
10.3 '1.2 11.7 12.2
9.7 10.4 10.8 10.9
2.0 7.7 8.3 8.9
22.9 22.7 22.4 21.9
21.3 204 19.7 19.2
¡9.8 20.1 20.2 20.7
11.5 11.8 11.7 11.2
o.1 5.81 54
5.0
13.2 13 2 13.4 13.2
12.7 12.7 12.6 12.6
.6 11.2
5.1 7.1
17.9 18M 18.1 18.2
17.0 17.3 17.8 18.4
8.4 8.4 8.9 9.7
11.0 11.2 12.7 13.2
29
30
31
14.2 14.2 13.7 13.3
10.62
:17.6 18.0 18.3 18.9
19.7 19.8 19.8 19.7
3.3I3.84.6 5.7
7.2 6.86.S 6.4
18.0 18.7 19.0 19.5
7.4 7.8 7.98.9
10.0 10.5 10.2 jO.7
6.2 6.1 6.1 5.8
3.7 4.2 4.6 5.0
13.8S
3.73.S4.46.58.7
4.34..
I
0.0.0.1
0.30.4
17.8 '17.6 17.6 '17.8
13.813.0 12.211.3
O.4 20 S
13.7 14.7 16.1
9.7 I1.8 12.8
12.5 12.3 11.9
10.7 10.5 10.2
9.7 10.3 10.7
21.6 21.2 20.5
18.7 18.6 18.9
19.9 19.3 18.8
10.9 10.6 10.2
4.6 4.1 3.8
12.9 12.5 11.8
12.7 13.2 14.0
12.3 13.1 13.6
I82 18.8 19.8
18.8 18.8 18.8
20.3
20.1
I177
13.8
11.4
9.7
11.2
19.9
19.6
18.0
10.6
3.8
11.0
14.8
14.1
19.4
19.1
10.2t0.5l0.811.0
13.313.313.2
13.2
9.2 8.57.7
9.5 92 8.9 86 8.6
15.9 16.1 16.2 16.1 16.1
16.2 15.9 15.5 14.9 14.4
.8 14.9 16.3
12.8
17x6
6.4 6.1 5.8 5.3 4.8
-1.0 -1.1 Hl.l -0.7 -0.1
14.4 14.1 14.2 14.0 13 8
12.5 12.1 11.7 11.3 11.1
9.410.OtO.210.29.7
10.8
15.0
16.2
11.9
6.7
10.3 9.8
15.6 15.9
16.5 16.5
11.6 12.0
6.6 6.5
-0.3-O.6 -0.9
15.5
13.6
13.8
7.8
9.1
11.6
Mean
1
15.1 14.7
13.1 13.0
13.9 13.9 13.9 14.0 14 1 14.1 13.9
7.1
6.6 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.0
8.7 8.1 7.6 7.0 7.0 7.4 7.8
11.5 11.3 11.6 12.6 13.3
14.1 14.1
4.96
1816
2.60
5.79
14.44
6.54
11.04
I
1.27
-1.17
0.74
12.98
9.72
13.24
14.76
8.27
11.88
6.79
8.95
19.39
22.68
16.05
10.05
2.60
13.36
10.61
3.82
16.69
14.78
7.41
9.43
4.50
9.39
12.06
14.91
13.09
5.22
1.00
12.45
13.75
12.18
8.87
893
16.49
c
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW
-i;::-f---;-
-;--
3
4
1891
2
12.7
12.0
11.4
II.?
10.8
12.4
13.7
146
3
19.2
4
19.8
19.4 19.4 19.3
19.6 19.6 19.1
6.7
7.0 7.2
6.4
s
6
7
6.7
88 9.6
7.8
¿0.2 ¿1.6 22 7 23.9
-;--
6
11.0 11 2
lS.2 15.3
19.4 194
19.8
19.8
7.2
7.4
10.3 10.9
24.5 25.2
9Q
7
8
9
11.8
15.4
t2.4
12.7
15.2
14.7 13.8
12.8
19.4
18.7
19.4
l.2
19.0
18.6 18.1
17.7
16.8
16.3
16.2
15.7
13.7 13.5 14.1 15.2
13.4 14.6 15.3 166
17.7 17.2 16.8 16.5
15.2 14.9 147 14.4
12.7
14.0
14.5
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.5
14.3
14.7
14.8
15.0
16.3
16.8
16.7
25.6
25.7
25.8
25J
25.5 24.7 24.7 25.1
10.9
11.9
17.4
25.8 25.8
12.7 13.4
9.0
9S
12.5
13.2
14.2
IS.?
10.3
16.0
5.8
6.7
8.1
9.4
10.4
11.2
16.9
12.9
I
5.0
4.7
4.1
3.7
3.2
2.7
2.2
2
3
11i
1.7
2.4
3.6
4.8
6.4
18.2
18.3
18.2
18.2
18.4
4
10.6
9.7
9.0
8.6
8.4
18.7
8.7
5
19.7 20.1
19.4 20.7
14.1
14.6 14.9
15.7 15.1
17.7
17.7
17.7
17.3
17.5 17.7
12.7
13.2
13.3
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.2
7.4
8,1
7.9
7.7
7.9
13.5 13.9 13.9 13.8 13.6
2.9
7.9
4.0 5.3
6.7
8.1
8.7
8.3
8.7
8.7
19.1
19.3
19.2
19.0
18.6
18.3
9.2
9.4
9.9
11.2
11.6
12.2
1,9 23.3 24.5 25.5 25.7
26.2
26.1
25.8 25.4
24.8
¿1.6 22.1
16.2 16.0
22.4 22.2 22.0 21.7 21.0 '0.7 20.2 19.9
7
8
14.9
8.5
8.2
8.2
8.1
8.5
9.1
9.7
9.9
10.2 10.4
191°
11.7
12.7
13.3
13.5
14.2
15.2
16.3
17.8
19.2
20.4 21.5
19.7
19.7
19 6 19.7
13.7
19.9
15.7
9.7
4
9.2
15.7
8.9
15.4 15.1
9.7
12.5
14.2
13.7
13.5
14.4
16.2
18.2
19.8 21.6
17.1
15.9
L4.8
11.5
12.7
13.7
14.8
16.2
16.8
17.2
17.2
3.7
3.3
3.7
4.3
5.4
6.2
7.2
8.4
10.2
10.1
10.2
10.7
11.4
12.2
13.0
13.8
21.4 21.4
12.6 14.4
17.1 16.6
9.8 10.8
14.3 14.2
15.3
15.7
15.7
15.3
1.8
12.9
12.1
11.7 11.2
13.5
13.1
12.8
l.4
132
14.7
20.2 20.4 21.2
21.6 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.4
13.8 13.2 12.9 12.7 12.4
20.4 20.9
16
13.9
9.1
10.7 10.2
9.2 8.7
15.
10.5
12.1
6
124
14
8.7
1.5
I
13.0 13.2 13.4
13
13.2
5.7
9
12
7.7
1900
8
11
12.2
9.7
8.4
10
17.
18.0
18.0
18.2
13.2
14.4
16.1
17
18
244 24.8
21.8 22.3 22.7
16.2 17.1 17.9
16.0 15.3 14.6
11.7 12.8 13.7
14.7 15.1 15.3
11.0 10.3 10.6
20
21
22
13.1
13.5
15.6
17.9 20.1
14.8
16.1
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.9
17.0
17.5
22.8
9.6
23.4
24.0
9.1
8.7
24.6
8.8
24.9
9.0
2
12.7
12.3
12.0
11.7
7.2
6.2
5.5
4.8
12.0
4.5
12.3
4.7
13.2
4.8
14.9
3
17.2
5.2
4
9.2
iO.S
1.7
12.6
13.3
13.8
16.8 17.0 17.0 16.5 16.5
12.7 12.9 12.3 11.9 11.5
18.7 19.2 19.8 19.8 20.5
4.3 3.9
3.8
4.0
4.7
16.5
14.3
17.8 18.5
25.3 25.3 25.2 24.9
9.2
9.6 10.2 il.1 11.7
18.7 19.9 20.1 21.6 21.0
5.3 5.8
7.0
6.6
7.4
16.9 17.6 17.9 i7.9 17.6
19.5 19.8 19.7 19.5 19.1
14.6
14.7
13.7
13.6
13.3
1920
1').8
I
s
6
7
8
9
I
1.3
2.1
2.6
2.6
2.5
13.7
13.9
¡4.7
15.6
16.5
9.9
3
10.8 10.5 10.3 10.1
13.3 12.7 12.3 12.0
5.7
5.4
5.3
5.1
4
s
14.9
193
t
2
81
84
115.7
8.5
12.0
5.0
8.S
8.2
16.3 16.5
16.4
10.9
4.9
14.9
15.8
19.1
9.7
17.3
17.6
15.1
9.6
9.7
9.7
10.4 10.0
9.6
20.9 21.2 21.6 21.7 22.1 22.6 23.4 23.9
5.6
7.0
7.3
7.4
6.2
7.4
6.8
7.1
2.4
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
17.1 17.4 17.7 18.3 19.0 19.9 20.9 22.2
9.6
9.3
8.8 9.3
8.9
9.9 11.0 12.4
11.6 11.6 11.4 11.1 10.8 10.6 10.5 11.1
5.0
4.9
4.8
5.0 6.0
4.7
7.3 8.4
8.2
7.9
7.4
7.7
7.5
7.5
8.6 10.3
16.2 iS.9 IS.5
16.1 17.2 18.4
115.3 115.4
9.4
17.6
9.1
24.4 24.7 25.5
6.5
6.9
6.6
2.5
17.6
17,3
24.7 24.2 23.6 23.2
12.5 13.1 13.5 14.1
21.8 21.5 21.1 20.0
8.4
7.9
9.5 11.1
17.0 16.0 14.6 13.5
18.5 18.0 17.4 16.7
8.9
2.5
2.5
27
17.2 16.8 16.8
17.2 16.8 16.8
15.3 16.0 16.7
15.0
17.0
20.9
26 7
11.3
20.2
18.6
18.7
28
29
17.1
17.5
17.1 17.5
17.1
30
Mean
18.0
18.0
14.74
15.59
17.08
16.04
17.1
17.3
15.7 16.2 16.2
17.2 17.8 16.5
21.2 21.3 22.2
26.4 26.1 26.6
13.2 15.2 16.8
20.2 20.2 19.9
16.7
15.5
22.8
27.4
18.0
19.6
22.7
19.4 20 5 21.7
19.7 20.3 20.7 22.9
10.4 10.9 12.0 13.7 15.2 16.2 16.6 16.7 16.3 16.6 17.7
24.1 24.1 23.9 23.6 23.3 23.2 23.0 23.2 23.8 24 6 25.0 25.0
26.2 26.2 26.2 2S.9 25.7 25.6 25.5 25.2 24.7 23.7 23.1 22.3 21.5 20.1
23.2 23.1 22.7 22.2 21.7 21.2 20.2 19.6 18.8 18.7 19.6 20.7 21.9 23.5
19.3 19.4 19.8 20.2 20.8 21.8 23.1 240 24.8 26.2 27.2 28.6 29.8 31.0
12.9 12.7 12.6 12.4 12.4 13.1 14.1 15.1 16.3 17.6 18.8 19.7 20.6 20.9
13.7
14.5
9
26
10.0
13.2
14.4
14.7
14.1
25
19.6
20 7 21.5 22.2
11.2 11.1 10.7 10.2
6
16.8
24
9.2 9.510.412.114.3
20.7 22.2 23.3 24.6 25.5 26.2 27.0 27.5 28.3 29.1
26.9
24.5 26.0
27.4 27.7 28.0 28.2 28.4 28.8 29.2 29.5 29 7
22.9 22.4 228 23.2 23.5 23.5 23.7 22.8 23.9 23.7 23.5 23.8
21.7 22.7
26.7
28.8 29.4 30.0 30.5 31.3 31.9
12.5 13.5 14.7 15.9 17.6 18.9 20.7 22.0 23.0 23.6 24.0 24.1
30.2 30.7 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 29.8 29.4 29.5 29.3 29.3 29.2
18.9
18.2 19.3 20.2 21.1 21.8 22.7
15.2 15.2 15.7 16.1 16.6 16.9 17.0 169 17.1
12.1 14.2 16.1 17.6 18.7 19.6 20.1 ¿0.5 20.7
21.5 22.3 22.7 22.7 22.4 21.8 21.1 20.3 19.6
14.5 15.3
23
13.9 13.4 12.9 12.6 13.4 13.6 13.6 13.4 14.2
14.4 14.6 14.9 15.2 15.3 15.6 15.8 162 16.6
16.8 17.0 17.3 17.8 18.5 18.8 19.2 19.7 20.2
25.2 25.7 26.4 27.3 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.2 27.1
14.9 14.3 13.6 12.7 11.8 10.8 10.1 10.2 10.4
17.7 18.2 18.6 18.7 18.8 19.0 19.2 19.7 20.1
13.6 14.0 14.7 15.5 16.4 16.8 17.1 17.5 17.8
9.0
9.8 10.5 I 1.6 12.7 13.7 14.5 15.7 17.1
8.7
8.6
8.8
8.9
88 8.6 8.6 8.9
8.7
18.2
242 25.4 25.8
23.2 23.2 23.3
18.7 19.0 19.2
14.0 13.5 13.2
19
APRIL
Feet)
15.9 16.5 17.0 17.5 17.8 18.1 18.0 17.3
17.2 17.7 17.9 17.8 17.6 17.8 t8.9 17.9
15.5 15.0 14.4 13.8 13.7 13 5 13.8 14.4
18.2 18.5
18.2 20.7 22.7
24 2 23.7 23.1 22.7 22 3 22.6
19.7 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.8 20,7
13.0 12.8 12.7 12.5 12.0 12.2
23.2 24.5 25.9 27.2 28.6 29.4
10.4 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.0
22.4 23 2 24.0 24.4 24.6 24.2
22.0 22.9 23.7
(In
9.1
9.7
17.0 17.0 (7.1
22.6 22.0 21.2
14.5 14.9 15.3
20.0 19.3 18.7
12.7
13.2
160
10.6
64
26.4
6.3 6.0
2.6
3.0
.5.9 26.2
3.6
18.0
18.1
18.2
18.2
18.8
19.2
20.5 19.9 19.5
15.7 16.0 16.0
17.9 17.2 ¡6.6
14.a 15.5 16.5 17.3 18.5
13.8 15.1 16.8 17.8 18.3
15.3 14.5 14.0 13 5 13.1
12.1 13.8 is.S 16.9 18.0
26.4 26.2 ¿72 27.8 27.9
5.7 5.6 5.8 66 7.5
19.0
18 9
19.0
19.5
20.2 21.0
4.0
4.0
17.4
23.3 24.3 25.2 26.0 26.6 27.1 27.4 27.6
17.! 19.2 20.7 21.5 22.3 22.9 23.5 24.2
20.7 20.9 21.6 22.5 23.6 24.3 24.7 25.2
19,2 18.9 18.2 178 t7.8 18.9 21.2 23.3
4.0
17.9
4.0
40
15.7 15.7 16.0 16.5 17.5
16.3 16.4 17.9 18.0 18.6
19.7 21.1 22.2 22.7 23.0
18.9 19.2 19.6 20.5 21.3
12.5 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.3
19.4
19.0
18.7
23.0
21.7
13.0
18.6 18.7 18.5 18.0 17.4 16.7
28.0 28.1 28.1 27.8 27.6 20.9
8.0
8.3
88 9.5 10.5 12.2
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
3.l 24.3 25.4 26.2 26.7 26.7 26.4 25.8 25.2 24.8 25.1 24.9 25.4 26.4 27.5 29.5 31.6
13.6 14.5 14.9 15.5 16.6 17.5 18.4 19.3 19.8 20.5 21.9 23.3 24.4 25.3 26.0 26.6 27.0
11.8 12.2 12.7 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.1 12.9 12.5 12.1 11.6 11.3 11.2 11.2 11.7 12.4 14 0
9.4 10.4 11.8 13.3 14.4 16.7 18.6 19.9 20.7 21.2 21.5 21.6 22.2 22.5 22.4 22.3
22.2
12.0 14.2 16.9 19.4 21.2 22.6 23.2 23.6 23.6 23 3 22.9 22.3 22.0 21.8 22.8 23.1 24.5
22.9
19.8 21.0 22.1
26.3 ¡27.6 28.6 29.1 29.3 29.3 29.1 28.8 28.4 27.9 27.4
123:8 24.9
1?..85
15.58
25.46
12.27
1725
13.89
8.93
7.62
20.66
18.30
23.52
23.18
15.96
22.41
11.57
20.41
23.18
21.50
19.25
15.15
15.55
15.89
16.94
17.90
16.78
21.93
12.74
17.23
11.19
15.83
16.23
12.69
24.20
6.63
297
22 19
1560
1203
1253
15:26
21.65
'
ei
ba
i
3
4
s
6
7
8
19.0
27.7
17.5
17.2
14.3
23.6
.28.2
19 0
9
19.1
191)0
23.2
2
21.1
16.7
1891
2
:
GAUGE 1-IF:IGHT AT HANKOW
:
3
4
5
29.8
29.7
23.7
6
2 5
7
4.3
8
9
29.2
18.5
1910
15.l
I
19.4
6
24.8
32.2
21.3
21.3
24.9
2S.3
24.8
21.9
21.6
20.7
18.6
22.6
21.9
14.3
16.0
7
26.2
8
14.1
q
4.2
32.9
27.6
2
3
4
s
6
I
8
9
1920
.
I
2
3
4
I
1930
I
2
3
4
s
159
'22.0
25.5
26.8
2
3
4
5
f
9
lo
Il
(Iii Feet)
MAY
.
12
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
2!
22
-
23
21
25
26
2
--
28
29
30
Mean
31
'1.2 21.6 21.6 22.: !?.2 22.' ??.2 22.2 21.8 t.5 21.5 20.6 19.7 19.1 I8. t8 3 17.8 17.4 17.0 16.8 6.8 17.0 l7. 17.7
18.1 19.0 20.2 21.3
31.9 32.4 2.9 32.
2.9 .l2.. 32.3 32
32.3 .32 5 32.6 32.8 32.2 33.1
.O
2 8 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.5 .12.3 32.1 31.0 31.2 31.4
31 4 31.4 31.4
19 6 20.8 22.1 23.0 23.8 ¿1.2 24.4 ¿45 )4S 14.4 14.S 24.3 23.6 3.4 23.2 22.8 22.6 22.5 22.' 21.1 21.1 20.3 19.2
18.5 17.9 Ii 3 17.1 I.0 ¡7.4
18.1 18.7 19.7 .20.8 22.0 23.2 24.4 25.2 26.2 27.()
7.8 28.7 29.6 30.9 32.2 3.0 34 (1 34.6 34.9 355 35.1 36.2 36 6 36.7 36.7 36.1 36 6
36.4 36.2
14.2 14.7 15.8 17.2 18.4 192 19.6 19.7 20.0 () () 19.6 1192 19.1 18.8 18.7 18.5 18.4 18.5 19.2 21.2 23.0 24.4 26.0 27.1 28.0
28.7 29.1 29.1 29.5
'5 8 ?6.() 27.8 8.2 '8. 28.8 ¿9.() 28 7
28 6 ¿8 3 28.0 28.1 27.8 27.6 p7.3 27.0 26.3 25.8 25.4 47 23.9 22.9 22.1 21.7
21.1 22.1 22.6 23.4
29 I p29.6 29.9 302 30.2 :10.7 n.i 31.4 31.7 32.8 32 3 32 6 32.8 32.9 33.0 33.5 14.6 35 7 36 2 36.5 36.7 37 0 37.2 37.5 37.7
375 37.7 37.1 37.7 .17.7
19.8 20.8 22iJ 22.3 23.2
o 23.9 23.9 23.7 23.6 23.5 124.3 2S.6 27.4 28.5 28.8 ¿9.2 29.6 29 .6 29 6 29.9 30.2 .30.2
30.6 31.7 32.0 32.2 32.5 32.7 33 0
18.5 180 17.3 116.5 15.6 14 7 14.1 14.1 14.1 114.2 14.7 15.1 15.2 15.9 16.2 16.3 .16.2 16.0 15.6 15.2 15.1 15.2 15.6 16.1)
17.0 17.9 18.3 20.4 il.2 22.0
23.8 4.2 N t 23.7 '3.6 23.2 !2.9 22.8 ¡22.6 22.3 21.9 21.5 21.2 21.0 20.7 20.2 19.5 18.7 118.0 17.3 17.0 16.6
16.6 16.9 11.5 17 6 18(1 18.2 18.7 18.2
21.2 21.2 21.7 22.2 22.4 22.5 22.2 21.7 121.4 21.2 20.9 20.4 20.0 19.7 19.4 19.1 IS.7 18.7 '18.2 ¡17.3 17.1 17.0
17.0 17.5 18.2 19.2 20.! 20.7
i 21.4
18.8 20.1 0.7 !l.
1J 22.4 p2.7 22.6 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.8 23.0 232 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.5 23.3 23.0 22.7 22.3 21.5 21 3 .205 19.8 21
19.3 19.8
30.3 10 8 31.3 1l 6 31.7 '31.6 31.7 31.9 11.8 31.7 131.5 31.3 31.2 31.1 30.4 17(,15 30.0 30 2 30.1 30.1 30.0 30.0 30 30.2
30.2 30.2 3(1 3 30.3 30.2 29.9
30.6 31.2 31.8 31.5 10.9 30.7 30.6 30.6 .30.6 30.6 30.6 30.5 30.4 30.2 79.2 29.3 29.4 i294 29.3 29.2 29.2 29.5 30.2 30.5
?0.7 30.7 30.8 30.7 3u.8 31.0
23. 22.8 j228 22.8 23.2 23.5 .3.6 123.9 24.8 26.2 27.0 27.2 27.2 '27.() 27.4 27.5
121.6 27.5 27.7 127.2 27 3 27.5 28.1 28 5 29 7 .1O.
30.7 30.9 31.1 31.1
31 0 34 7
33
2 3 7 '36 0 36 2 '36 5 36 5 16 4 36 2 36 0 35 9 3 i 3 T 35 2 3 5 35 6 35 7 35 8 36 1 36 7 6 8 16 9 37
0 lb 8 16 6 36 2 36 0 3
!4.7 4.8 !4.8 24.9 !Z4.8 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.8 25.2 25.7 25.7 25.9 25 9 25.7 .25.6 25.0 24.5 24.0 .23.5 23.0 22.7 22.8 22M
2..9 23.') 23.1 23.0 23.0 22.7
28.8 9.t) I!9.2 29.2 !9.3 29.3 29.2 29.0 28.8 28.6 28.0 27.4 26.8 261 26.2 26.2 26.6
27.0 27.2 27.5 27.7 27.7 ¿7.7 27.5 27.0 26.4 25.() 24.5 23.8
19.2 19.8 :20.1 20.5 '20.9 21.1 :21.3 21.5 21 6 22.1 :.3.0 24.2 25.0 26.3 ¡27.2 28.0 28.6 26.9
28.9 29.2 29.2 28.9 28.6 28.2 27.7 270 26.7 26.2 25.7 25.2 242
25.2 ¿5.7 126.7 !8 2 29.5 30.2 304 30 3 30.2 W.2 30.0 29.6 29.8 30.3 31.9 32.0 32.4 1327 32.9
33.1 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.2 33.1 32.7 .12.2 31.7 1 2 30.7
19.1 19.4 19.6 19.6 19.8 20.7 21.7 22.8 24.0 5.2 '26.7 28.2 28.8 30.0 30.8 :315 32.2 32.2
32.5 32.9 33.) 33.6 33.8 34.0 34.2 34.2 34.2 34.1 34.0 33.9
25.7 26.7 26.9 ¿7.6 P21.7 7 27.8 27.7 27.7 !7.4 7.2 26.9 ?6.7 26.4 25.9 '25.7 25.7 25.5 25.5
26 2 2.6 28.8 29.6 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.2 ¿Q9 29.7 29.6
32.8 33.6 33.9 34.2 34.2 34 0 33.7 33.3 32.9 32.3 31.9 31.2 30.4 29.4 28.7 28.2 27.7 '27.4 27.1 27.0
27.0 26.9 26.8 27.0 27.3 27.7 28.2 29 0 30.2 30.8
21.9 22.2 22.7 23.1 23.4 23.7 ¿4.1 I2.1 23.8 23.6 23.3 23.2 23.2 24.1 24.6 24.8 24.8 24.6 24.3
25.1 26.3 27.6 28.7 i294 29.7 30.0 .0.4 30.7 30.8 131.1
127.4 27.5 27.3 27.2 26.9 26.6 26.7 25.7 23.2 24.7 25.3 75.7 25.7 25.5 25.0 24.8 24.6
24.2 23.7 23.2 22 5 22.7 23.7 25.1 26.5 27.5 28.1 28.4 28.5 28.5
25.3 26.6 27.7 28.9 29.8 10.7 31.0 31.5 31.6 31 5 31.3 31.1 30.7 30.3 '30.4 30.3 30.2 30 9 31.6 32.1 32.3 32.4 32.2 32.2
32.4 32.7 32.9 33.2 33.2 33.2
25.2 25.1 24.8 ¿4.1 24.0 23.7 23.2 :22 4 21.5 20.4 19.6 18.6 17.9 18.0 19.1 20.9 23.! 24.8 25.9
26.6 26.1 26.7 26.5 26.2 26.2 25.9 25.8 25.7 25.7 25.6
26.2 26.9 26.8 1273 27.7 27.7 27.3 27.3 27.3 27.2 26.7 26.6 26.5 26 5 26.2 25.8 25.3 24.7 24.7 25.0 25.2 25.3 25.5
25.8 27.2 29 2 31.1 32.5 33.2 33.6
21.9 22 3 23.2 23.9 24.6 24.8 24 8 24.6 24.2 23.7 23.2 22.6 21.9 21.2 20.6 19.7 18.8 18.0 17.4
17.1 1171 18.0 18.7 '19.3 19.7 19.8 19.9 20.0 19.9 '19.8
Z2.l 22.4 22 7 2 O 232 23.5 23.5 23 7 23.9 4.3 24.8 ¿5.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25 4 25.5 25.4 25.3
25.6 26.3 2.5 28.6 129.4 30.5 1311 '31.7 22.3 32.9 33.2
22.1 23.7 25.1 26.2 17.0 28.3 129.3 129.7 29.9 30.2 30.3 30.6 31.1 31.7 32.2 32.9 33.5 33.9 34.2
34.3 34.4 34.6 :14.6 1246 34.7 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.2 35.i
177
18.0
17.7 17.8 18.1 18 4 18.8 18.9 18.9 19.3 19.7 19.9 2Q.0 20.1 ¡20.2 20.5 20.9 21.4 21.9 22.5 22.7 '23.2 23.9
24.5 25.1 1258 26.6 27.6 28.0 287
22.1 21.6 .!l.6 20.4 19.9 19.8 2).2 20.8 21.4 21.9 22.2 22.5 22.2 21.7 21.1 20.0 19.0 18.0 17.3
17.6 18.9 20.6 22.6 '24.4 26.0 27.6 9.1 O.3 1311 1.9
21.9 22.2 p2.3 24.8 27.0 29.2 30.5 31.3 31.9 32 2 .11.9 32.3 32.8 33.7 34,1 34.3 34.5
34.8 '34.9 35.0 35.1 35 I 35.1 1349 349 34.8 31.7 34.6 34.3 34.o
15.7 17.1 18.3 19.2 19.7 20 2 20.8 ¿2.4 24.2 26.7 29.0 30.4 31.3 32.0 32.7 33.3 33.7 34.0 34.2 :340
33.9 33.7 .33.4 33.2 32.9 31.6 31.2 30.6 30.1 29.6
15.4 14.8 14.5 14.5 14.8 15.9 16.8 17.6 18.9 20.7 22 0 23.0 24.0 24.6 25.1 25.5 25.5
25.2 25.0 25 0 25.2 25.4 ¿5.6 25.8 26.0 2o.4 '27.4 28.3 29.4 303
25.7 .25.4 !S.4 25.1 24.7 24.2 24.1 24.0 24.2 24.8 25.7 27.0 28.3 29.5 30.4 31.1 31.8 32.7
33.5 34.2 34.6 4 9 34') 4.9 35.0 35 0 35.0 '34 9 34.8 34.6
16.2 17.6 18.8 19.6 20 3 20.5 20.6 20.6 20 3 20.0 19.6 18.9 17.8 17.3 17.4 17.6 17.9
18.1 18.5 18.5 18.6 18.7 18.6 18 6 18.6 .19.0 1°.9 21.0 22.4 23.7
4.7 5.7 6.6 7.3 7.8 8.2 9 3 9.9 10.4 10.8 11.8 13.5 15.2 16.5 17.0 17.4 18.3
19.5 20.6 21.9 23.0 23.9 24.6 25.3 25.9 26.5 126 9 27.0 27.0 ¡26.8
34.5 35.0 354 35.5 35.7 35.8 35.9 36.1 36 2 35 8 35.6 35 6 35.6 35.5 35.2 34.5 ¡3.I
33.5 33.1 32.7 32.2 31.7 31.4 '30.7 !30. 30.0 29.7 29.6 29.5 29.41
28.228.8 28.9 30.7 31.5 32.4 33.0 33.2 33.3 33.2 33.7 34.1 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.5 134
8 35.1 35.4 35.5 35.8 36.1 36.3 36.5 36.7 36.9 37.0 37.1 37.4
17.1 17.8 18.6 18.9 19.5 20.1 20.3 21.3 23.0 24.2 25.1 25.6 25.9 26.5 27.4
28.5 29.6 30.6 31.3 32.0 32.7 33.3 33.7 '34.0 34.2 34.2 33.6 31.3
35.1
21.6 21.0 20.9 20.6 20.6 21.3 22.0 23.0 23.6 13.9 23.9 23.7 23.3 22 9 22.7 22.8 23.4
24.2 25.6 27.4 29.7 31.7 32.7 33.1 33.3 33.5 34.0 34.9 35j 36.3
26.5 27.3 27.7 28.2 28.6 28.6 28.3 28.1 28.6 28.9 29.1 29.3 29.3 29.1 28.9 28.3 28.!
1302
27.8
27.3
27.3
27.4
28.5
27.7
29.3
31.1 31.5 31.7 31.7 31.6
26.2 25.6 25.1 24.6 24.2 22.7 23.6 23.6 23.5 23 0 22.5 21.9 21.4 20.9 20.5 20.2 20.3 20.7 20.7 21.2 21.7 22.2 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.9 :24.0 ¡26.0 28.9
30.9
19.9
29.2
18.3
17.7
14.2
24.7
20 7
U
19.71
.
31.80
21.39
28.97
20.53
25.9i
3
33.68
2675
16.45
20.44
20.01
21.74
1
I
I
.
O.70
30.32
26.69
35 72
24.31
27.61
.
24.75
30.S9
28i5
27.97
30.23
25 84
25.77
30.66
23.I
26.93
21.05
25.62
30.88
21.31
22.32
31.45
2758
22.19
29.77
1883
16.20
33.98
33.76
26.73
26.07
28.65
23.30
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW
-;-----;-r--:---L--;-L----t -;---
eá;:ke
1891
2
:
4
s
6
7
8
9
1990
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1910
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1920
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1930
I
2
3
4
s
8
Q
12
r---
1
14
15
16
17
18
(In
19
20
JUNE
Feet)
21
22
23
_!_____________-__________________ .22.2
31.4
19.3
36.2
29.9
23.9
37.7
33.1
23.0
23.4
31.7
21.7
36.2
30.1
Z4.7
38.0
33.1
23.9
18.7 19.2
24.7
32.2
24.0
36.4
30.0
25.7
38.3
32.7
24.6
19.9
22.1
23.5
30.1
31.5
21.7
21.2
29.7
31.2
30.9
35.7
21.9
22.8
29.8
31.3
30 7
35.3 35.0
?2.0
23.8
23.6
29.9
20.7
22.4
22.2
28.6
34.2
33
21.5
23.2
22.8
29.2
25.6
32.6
25.6
36.6
30.2
26.9
387
32.7
26.2
20.7
U.2
23.5
30.3
31.4
30.6
34.4
19.7 18.7
21.7 21.0
21.3 20.5
!7.6 26.4
34.2
34.1 34 1
29.2 28.9 28.7 28.6
31.2 31.7 32.5 33.3
31.4 .11.6 31.6 31.5
28.3 27.9 27.5 6.7
33.1 32.7 32 2 31.7
25.5 25.4 25.3 5.4
34.0 34.3 34.5 34.7
19.6 19.6 19.4 19.5
33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1
35.1 35.1 35.1 35.2
29.5 30.2 30.8 31.4
32.7 33.5 34.2 34.5
33.6 33.0 32.4 31.7
290 28.4 27.8 27.1
31.1 31.8 31.3 32.7
34.0 33.3 32.6 11.7
24.3 24.4 24.4 24.3
'6.4
29.2
37.7
35.4
16.9
31.4
32.1
5.8
29.3
37.9
35.5
37.7
30.7
33.0
25.3 24.8
29.7 9.7
38.2 38.4
3S.5
38.0
30.3
33.5
26.2 26.7 26.9
33.1 33.7 34.3
26.7 27.4 27.9
37.0 37.5 38.0
29.9 30.0 29.9
27.8 28.6 29.2
38.7 39.2 39.5
32.7 32.8 32.8
28.0 28.7 30.0
20.3 21.7 21.7
21.9 21.8 21.7
23.7 23.7 23.5
30.5 30.7 30.9
31.3 31.0 30.5
30.6 30.6 30.7
33.9 33.6 33.7
.35.2
38.1
30.0
33.8
33.9
28.2
34.1
17.7
'19.9
20.2
25.3
34.1
28.4
34.6
31.2 307
26.0 253
31.1 30.2
25.7 262
34.7 34.7
20.2 21.0
32.2 32.3
35.1 34.8
31.9 32.0
34.6 34.4
31.0
26.4 25.9
32.8 32.8
30.8 3(.1
24.1 23.9
24.1 23.4
29.6 30.1
38.5 38.4
34.8 34.4
38.2 383
30.0 29.7
34.1 34.3
27.1 27.1 27.0 27.2 27.1 2.9
34.7 35.1 35.3 35.7 35i 35.7
28.2 28.4 28.7 29.0 29.7 30.6
38.4 38.7 39.2 39.7 399 40.1
29.7 294 29.2 28.6 28.1 27.5
29.9 30.2 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.6
39.8 39.9 39.1 39.9 38.7 39.7
32.8 32.7 327 32.8 32.7 33.2
31.9 32.4 32.8 33.1 33.1 33.1
20.8 20.2 19.8 19.4 18.9
2h
21.7 21.8 21.9 21.8 21.9 21.9
23.3 22.9 22.4
23.2 31.7 31.8
301 29.7 29.0
31.1 31.4 3.5
33.7 33.7 33.7
17.2 17.0 175 18.5
19.4 19.1 18.9 19.2
20.2 210 22.4 24.2
245 23.6 22.9 22.7
34.2 34.4 252 36.1
28.7 28.9 29.3 29.6
34.7 34.7 34.7 35.0
30.2 29.7 29.0 28.5
24.623.7 23.3 22.9
297 29.2 28.8 28.7
26.9 279 29.4 30.6
34.9 35.2 35 6 36.0
23.1 24.1 24.6 24.1
31.9 31.6 31.2 31.9
34.7 34.7 34.6 34.6
32.0 31.8 31.8 31.8
34.2 33.9 33.9 33.7
29.6 29.0 28.5 28.2
25.4 25.0 24.9 25.4
32.6 32.3 32.2 32.2
29.5 29.0 28.8 28.7
24.3 25.0 25.7 26.0
22.8 219 21.0 21.1
30.8 30.9 31.o 31.4
384 38.4 38.7 .38.9
34.o 33.7 33.4 33.1
38.4 38.8 39.1 39.4
29.3 29.0 28 9 129.4
34.5 j34.7 34.7 34.7
21.6
32.3
28.2
33.2
33.8
19.7
20.0
26.7
23.6
36.3
29.9
35.2
28.3
22.9
29.0
31.2
36.6
20.9
32.8
27.6
33.9
34.1
20.5
20.8
28.5
24.6
37.1
30.1
35.1
28.3
23.1
29.1
31.6
37.0
24.8 25.0
30.4
35.1
31.6
33.3
¿7.7
30.6
34.7
31.7
33.6
28.0
25.9
32.4
28.6
26.2
26.4
32.7
28.5
2S8
19.7 19.7
31.7 31.9
39.2 39.4
33.1 32.7
39.8 40.3
29.4 29.7
34.6 34.4
26.7 26.9 27.0 27.0
35.4 35.2 35.2 35.0
31.2 31.8 32.2 32.3
40.4 10.6 40.9 41.2
26.8 25.8 24.9 24.2
30.6 30.6 30.2 29.9
39.8 40.0 39.9 40.4
33.6 34.0 34.3 34.5
33.0 32.8 32.7 322
18.6 18.7 18.8 19.4
21.8 21.7 22.1 22.7
20.2 19.1 18.4 17.7 17.2
32.9 33.1 33.1 33.2 33.0
26.8 26.1 Z5.4 24.7 24.2
34.5 35.0 35.2 35.5 35.6
34.5 34.9 35.6 36.1 36.7
21.0 21.5 21.8 ¿1.9 21.7
21.4 21.8 22.2 22.7 23.3
29.331.7 33.3 34.6 36.0
26.1Ç27.7 29.7 31.6 33.0
37. 38.0 38.8 39.5 40.1
30.3 30.5 31.0 31.5 31.7
35.0 3L1 35.6 36.2 36.5
28.7 29.5 31.1 33.0 34.7
23.2 23.3 23.5 23.4 23.5
29.2 29.2 28.9 28.7 28.3
32.0 32.7 33.0 33.8 34.9
37.4 37.7 38.1 38.3 38.7
24.6 24.7 24.7 24.2 23.8
30.2 30.3 30.3 30.8 31.6
35.6 36.2 36.7 37.3 38.0
31.2 31.8 30.4 29.9 29.8
33.2 33.1 32.8 32.6 32.7
27.4 27.4 ¿7.7 ¿8.0 28.6
26.5 26.2 26.2 26.3 26.5
33.1 33.6 34.1 34.6 3Ø
28.3 28.3 28.2 28.2 28.5
25.5 25.1 !4.7 24.3 23.8
20.0 20.8 22.0 23.4 24.8
32.1 32.0 32.0 32.4 33.0
39.5 39.6 39.6 39.4 39.3
32.6 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.5
40.5 40.8 41.1 4.1.3 41.8
30.0 30.6 31.2 31.7 32.2
34.2 34.0 33.8 33.6 33.5
27.1
34.0
32.3
41.4
23.6
29.S
40.6
34.7
32.0
20.0
23.2
162
32.9
23.7
35.6'
37.3
21.7
24.1
37.2
33.9
40.6
31.7
36.7
35.8
23.7
27.7
35.6
38.9
23.6
32.2
38.8
29.8
32.5
29.4
26.8
35.1
29.3
23.5
25.9
33.7
39.1
32.6
42.4
32.6
33.5
24
4.0.7
34.9
31.9
20.3
23.7
17.0
32.6
23.2
35.2
37.7
34.6
34.3
41.8
23.2
29.2
40.9
34.9
31.7
20.4
24.2
17.0
32.5
23.0
34.9
37.7
22.5 23.0
24.7 24.9
18.0 3&4
34.5 35.4
41.2 41.7
31.8 31.9
37.1 37.6
36.8 37.6
23.7 23.9
27.0 26.0
36.1 36.6
38.9 38.9
23.7 24.3
33 2 34.3
39.4 39.8
29.2 30.5
32.3 32.2
29.8 30.2
27.0 21.2
35.3 35.6
30.2 31.2
23.0 22.7
27.2 28.2
34.5 35.7
38.6 38.4
32.9 33.2
43.1 442
32.9 33.1
33.4 33.5
34.7
34.8
42.1
23.4
29.4
41.1
34.9
31.7
20.2
24.7
19.0
32.3
22.9
34.6
38.1
25.4
25.7
38.6
36.4
41.1
32.1
38.2
38.2
24.7
25.0
37.1
38.8
25.2
35.2
38.9
30.7
32.1
34.7
35.5
42.2
23.7
29.8
41.2
34.8
31.9
20.0
26.1
20.9
32.3
22.8
34.2
38.5
26.8
ZS.8
38.7
37.o
42.2
32.2
38.8
38.6
25.7
24.6
37.6
38.7
28.2
3.2
40.j
30.7
32.2
30.6 31.2
27.4 27.5
34.1
36.3
42.3
23.8
30.9
41.2
34.8
32.4
19.8
28.2
22.6
31.7
3O
33.8
39.1
28.2
28.2
38.7
37.3
42.3
32.3
39.3
38.8
26.7
24.4
38.o
38 6
30.7
37.3
40.2
30.8
32.2
31.9
Z.8
36.6 36.3 36.5
32.2 33.i 33.4
22.6 23.2 24.1
28.9 30.i 31.2
36.9 38.2 39.2
38.3 38.4 38 6
33.8
45.0
33.5
34.0
34.3 34.8
457 46.2
33,9 34.6
34.5 35.7
27
2.1
O
19.5 .(I.2 3.o
5.
6.2 6.7
36 9
7.3 37.7 37.9 ..8.2 33.
42.7 12.7 12.9 2.8 12.8 12.7
23.7 23.9 24.6 24.9 S.2 25.3
30.2 30.3 .3u.6 30.' 11.3 31.6
41.1 11.1 11.3 41.! 11.2 41.1
35.0 35.3 .1.3 35.4 35.4 35.6
33.0 33.t .11.4 34.9 35
36.1
19.7 19.7 i:.I 20.6 21.1 21.7
30.2 .12.7 S.2 36.7 17* 38.9
24. .5 8 ¿6.9 28.1) 28.7 29.7
I.8 11.9 31 9 11.9 31.9 32.0
23.3 24.2 15
28.
10.ù 31.4
33.4 .13.4 33. 339 34 34)
39.5 l').q .10.8 10.2 1(1.7 11.1
29.0 29.7 30. 31.2 .11.7 12.3
29.8 10.1 lo.o 31.o 33.2 34.7
382 18.9 .39.3 39.5 39 4 9 S
37.6
37.8 7 7 17.7 .177
12.6 2.7 42.8 13.2 43.5 437
32.6 13.1 33.9 34(. 459 371
39.4 39.6 39.6 39 7 9 S 396
L9.l 39.2 .19.4 .394 19.2 390
27.7 28.7 29.8 31.1 2.2 32.2
¿4.4 25.1 16.1 27 ¿; 8.I 29 4
.18.4 38.8 39.1 398 k) 2 107
.18.6 .39.1 39.6 398 398 397
34.9
Mean
_________
.
272 27.3 27.7 27.7 27.7 27J !8.2
34.7
33.7
41.6
22.9
29.5
26
2
-
R
.5.2
33.0 .14.5 35;s
37.7 17.9 38 3
0.l fI.1 40:1
31.0 .11.2 31.7
32.0 .12.0 32.0
32.7 33.6 34.5
28.0 28.1 28.0
36.7 37.0 37.4
34.3 35.1 35.8
25.3 26.4 27 1
3'..2 32.9 33.5
398 40.4 41.3
38.8 39.0 39.0
35.5 36.6 37.9
46.8 47.2 47.2
35.1 35.8 36.5
36.8 38.0 39.2
3S9 363 363
386 387 390
401 1.07 410
322 32:6 335
32 3 32.7 333
35 5 36.5 373
278 27 5
38i
27 3
ÂI.7
37.1
38.1
42.6
25.4
31.6
41.1
35.7
36.7
22.7
40.0
30.2
32.5
32.4
34.5
41.2
32.5
35.6
39.6
36.8
43.9
36.4
39.7
38.7
34.8
31.1
41.2
39.6
36.5
39.2
41.6
34.7
33.5
38.0
27.3
40.0
38.8 395
366 37 4 378 37 9
277
335
421
391
283
338
427
392
287 29 1
337 33.8
431 43.5
392 39 1
39:2 40:3 41:2 41.7
47.2 47.2 47.2 46.8
37 1 37 6 38 1 385
40.5 41.7 42:5 3.1
27.06
34.S4
31.19
40.15
26.66
29.37
40.00
3395
31.34
20.11
25.50
22.27
31.80
27.44
33.21
36.55
23.28
24.46
31.17
31.07
3864
31.19
36.18
33.84
26.03
28.56
32.97
37.28
26.08
33.77
3738
31.38
33.05
31.04
26.94
34.54
31.66
25.04
26.29
34.37
3878
34.99
41.98
3231
35.26
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW
;
1891
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1900
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1910
1
2
3
4
s
6
7
s
9
1920
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1930
t
2
3
4
5
3
4
12.6 33.5 34.4 35.3 36.1
i7.4 37.9 3&S 39.1 39.5
;37j 38.0 38.1 38.1 38.2
t2.4 42.2 42.1 42.0 H.9
¡5.s 5.s 25.5 25.6 26.0
32.0 '32.2 33.2 34.2 35.0
41.1 lit.i 41.1 41.1 41.0
ì357 36.0 36.5 36.4 .36.5
I72 ;375 37.7 377 37.7
13.8 lS.1 26.2
I$47 fl4. 41.7 27.1 27.7
42.0 42.1
30.6 3').ó 30.5 30.4 30.3
33.1 33.4 34.0 34.5 35.4
.32.8 33.2 33.6 33.8 34.1
34.i '35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3
I.3I41.4 41.2 41.0 44.8
32.6 32.7 32.5 32.5 33.0
16.2 37.5 38.4 38.7 39.4
3q.7 39.8 40.3 41.2 11.9
37.7 37 7 37.7 37.7 37.6
-;-i--r-;-i
8
I
i;;
36.1 37.3 38.oI3ss38.99.339.l
39.9 40.1 W.4 $0.4 40.3 10.4 $0.4
38.2 38.2 38.2 38.1 38.0 37.9 37.7
41.7 41 6 41.4 141.2 41.1 40.9 40.7
26.5 27.1 27.5 27.7 27.1 28.0 28.1
35.3 35.3 35.6 36.0 36.4 36.9 37.2
41.0 41.0 41.0 41 0 41 1 41.2 41.2
36.4 36.3 36:2 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0
37.6 37.9 38.0 38.9 38.0 38.0 37.8
28.0 28.1 28.1 Z8.6 29.0 29.3 29.7
42.2 42,6 42.7 42.8 43.2 43 8 44.2
30.2 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.6 302 31.3
36.7 37.7 38.3 38.9 39.4 39.8 40.2
:i
I2
10.4 40
;;
---
(In
:i-;;i-;;---;;--;;
JULY
Feet)
21
23
221
____Ì_
2425H627
;
28
29
3OHi1Mean
I
s W:1 41.1 41.3 41.8 41.9 42.1 42.3 142 6 2.7 42.1 42.1 42.7 42.1 $2.9 43.0 '42.9
10.7 U.S 41.6 $2.2 42.6 42.9 43.2 43.3 43.5 3.6 43.7 43.7 43.7 4.7 43.7 43.7 43.7
37.9
37.7 37.8
381 8.7 39.1 39.4 39.7 40.0 40.1 40.5 0.1 41.1 41.4 41.5 41.6 11.7 1.7 141.7
tO.6 :40.3 10.1 39 7 39.4 39.0 38.7 38.7 37.1 37.3 36.8 36.4 136.0 35.6 35.3 35.0 34.1 34.5 34.0
28.7 29.7 30.7 31.1 2.4 33.3 34.2 34.7 5.0 35.2 35.1 35.3 35.3 35.2 3S.1 35.2 35.5 35.7 36.1
37.6 38.0 38.5 38.7 39i 39.2 39.2 39.7 39 1 40.1 40.2 43.3 40.3 40.5 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.5
fl.2 41.4 41.7 41.7 41.8 11.8 41.7 41.7 12.0 2.4 42.4 42.4 42.5 42.7 42.1 43.1 13.6 0.0 ¡44.5
36.0 35.9 35.8 35.6 35.3 35.3 35.2 35.0 34 1 ki i 34.3 340 33.7 33.3 33.2 32.7 32.4 32.7 32.1
37.7 37.7 37.7 37 5 37.4 '37.3 37.2 37.1 37.0 36.1 36.6 36.4 36.0 35.7 35.2 3S.0 34.6 34.1 33.7
29.9 30.2 30.7 31.1 31.1 30.9 30.7 30.7 30.1 30.9 31.0 31 2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.4 31.5
44.4 44.6 44.7 44.9 15.0 45.3 45.7 46.0 46.4 46.4 46.4 6.4 46.5 46.5 46.5 46.5 46.5 6.4 14.4
32.2 33.4 31.4 34.7 35.0 35.2 35.2 35.0 34.8 34.7 35 1 35.7 136.3 36.7 36.8 37.0 37.1 37.1 37 1
40.6 41.0 41.0 $1.5 41.6 41.7 41.6 11.4 41.4 41.2 40.8 40.6 40.4 40.4 40.6 40.6 40.6 ).S 10.5
34.2 34.2 34.2 34.2 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.3 33.2 33.0 32.0 32.5 32 S 32.2 32.6 32.9 33.3 33.7 34.2 134.7 3S.2 35.2 35.4 35.6 35.7 35.8
35.2 35.2 35.1 34.8 34..Ç 34.2 34.5 34.7 34.9 35.1 35.3 35 7 36.2 36.3 36.7 .36.7 36.5 36.4 36.2 35 9 35 6
35 0 34.9 34.7 34.7
407 40.7 40.7 40.7 O8 4O.740.8 t1.01.2 fl.4 41.5 fl.6 41.5 41.4 41.2 41.4 41.4 41.5 I6 11.6 41.5 35.3
41.3 41.2 O.9 40.7 40.6
33.4 33.6 33.8 34.0 34 9 35.4 36.3 37.2 '37.8 38.2 38.2 38.3 38.5 38.6 38.7 iL? 38.7 38.8 38.9 38.9 38.7
8.S 38.2 38.0 37.8 37.9
39 9 39.9 40.5 4.0.7 41.0 41.1 41.2 41 4 42.0 12.2 42.3 2.3 12.4 4.7 43.1 13.4
43.6 43.7 43.7 43.6 43.3 13.0 2.6 p2.4 42.0 41.5
2.7 43.4 14.0 44.2 44.6 44.7 44 7 45.2 45.8 46.2 6.4 6.4 46.3 46 3 46.3 46.3 46.2 46.2 46.1 6.2 46 1
46.0 6.0 45.9 45.9 45.8
37.3 37.! 36.7 36.2 35.9 35.4 35.1 35.1 4S.S 35.8 36.3 36.7 37.1 37.4 37.7 38.2 38.7 38 8 39 2 39.2 39.1
38.9 38.9 38.4 38.1 37.8
44.2 44.2 44.4 44.4 44.5 44.7 14.7 44.7 44.9
44.9 44.8 4.9 45.0 45.2 S.2 45.S 15.7 46.0 46.2 46 3 46.5 46.6 46.7 46.8 6.9 14 8 46.7 6.7 47.1 47.2 47.2
39.6 40.7 41.5 42.1 42.8 43.6 43.8 44.1 44.5
45 0 45.0 45 3 45.6 S 7 f5.? 45.9 46.3 46.6 46.7 16.7 46.5 462 46.1 45.7 45.6 45.4 45.3 45.3 45.0 44.7 44.5
t39.3 39.2 39.1 38.8 38.9 38.8 38.7 38.7
38.7 38.6 38.6 38.6 38.6 t3S.7 39.0 39.4 39.9 40.1 40.4 40.6 40.7 40.9 41 0 41.0 409 40.7 40.6 40.6 40.1 39.7 39 7
38.5 37 9 37.6 37.2 36.7
36.2 35.7 35.2 35 2 34.8 34.6 34.3 33.9 33.5 33.0 32.7 32.2 32.0 32.1 32 2 32.5 32.8 33.2 33.6 .13.9 34.1
34.1 34.1 33.9 33.7 33.3
36.0 36.8 37.4 37.9 38.2 38.5 38.6 38.7
38.7 38.5 38.2 38.0 37.8 37.9 38.0 38.0 38.2 38.2 38.1 37.9 37.6 37.3 37.1 36.7 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.7 36.5 36.4 36.4
32.8 34.2 34.9 35.4 3S.7 36.3 37.1 377
i7.9 38.0 38.! 38.0 37.8 37.6 37.2 37.0 37.2 37.2 36.6 36.5 36.6 36.9 37.0 37 2 37 7 7.8 37.7 37.7 37.3 37.1 37.0
41.6 41.8 42.0 42.! 41.9 41.7 41.0 10.7
40.6 40.2 40.0 40.0 02 1.0.1 39.9 40.2 40.6 41.0 41.6 41.7 41.7 41.6 41 7 41.7 41.7 41.7 $1.9 41.9 42.7 4.0 13.3
39.3 9.1 39.2 39.0 39.0 38.8 38.7 38.5
38.2 38.1 38.0 38.0 37.7 37.5 37.1 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.2 37.3 37.6 37.7 37.1 37.7 137.7 38.1 38.5 38.5 39.4 39.7 39.6
36.6 36.7 36.8 37.1 37.3 37.5 37.7 37.7
37.6 17.2 37.4 37.2 37.0 37.2 37.7 38.6 39.5 10.0 40.4 40.8 41.2 41.7 42.2 42.7 42.8 43.1
1394 39.6 39.7
43.2 43.4 43.8 44.2
39.7 39.7 39.7 39.9 4.0.5 40 7 40.8 40.8 41.1 1.4 42.0 42.6 43.0 43.4 43.0 43.7 44:0 44.2
44.2 44.3 44.6 1447 45Ø 45.2 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.5
41.7 1l.9 42.0 42.1 42.1 42.1 41.8 11 6
41.6 41.2 41.2 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.4 41.7 42.0 42.4 43.0 43.6 44.2 44.6 45.0 45.3 45.5 45.7 45.7 45.7 4S.7 45.9 !45.9
35.8 36.7 37.8 38.7 39.2 39.4 39.7 39.7 39.7
39.6 39.5 3.2 39.1 38.9 38.7 8.7 38.6 38.4 38.4 38.3 38.2 38.3 38.5 38.8 39.2 39.6 O.O 40.5 41.0 41.3 41.7
33 8 34.2 34.8 35.5 36.0 36.2 36.4 36.3
36.2 36.4 36.6 37.1 38.0 38.6 39.1 39.5 40.0 40.5 41.0 41.6 42.2 42.7 43.2 43.8 44.4 44.6 4S1 45 4 45.4 45.4 45.4
38.7 39.6 40.6 11.6 42.4 43.1 43.7 14.5
45.0 45.4 45.7 46.0 46.3 6.4 46.5 46.6 46.7 47.1 47.3 47.6 41.7 47.6 47.5 47.4 47.5 47.5 47.5 47.6 47.8 47.8 47.9
27.7 27.4 28.0 28.7 29.2 29.5 29.5 30.3
30.7 30.0 31.2 31.5 31.5 31.3 30 9 30.5 30.0 29.6 29.1 28.6 28.1 27.6 27.1 26.7 26.3 25.9 25.9 25.8 26.2 26.4 26.5
40.7 41.6 42.8 44.3 45.3 45.9 46.5 17.2 7.7
47.7 47.8 47.9 8.O 48.1 47.7 47.6 47.4 47.2 47.1 47.1 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.7 47.9 18.1 8.1 8.0 48.1 k7.9
'37.9 37.7 37.7 37.8 382 38.5 37.7 10.7 41.4
42.1 42.6 42.9 t3.1 3.3 43.3 43 I 43.0 43.0 42.8 42.9 $3.1 43.3 43.5 43.6 3.7 43.8 43.9 43.9 3.8 43.5
29.4 29.6 29.9 :10.2 30.5 30.8 30.9 30.9 30.7
43.3
30.4 30.0 2°.6 29.2 28.9 28 8 28.8 28.6 28.4 28.0 27.7 27.2 26.7 26.0 25.3 24.6 23.9 23.2 22.6 2.4 22.2 22.5
33.7 33.7 33.8 33.9 34.2 34.7 35.5 35.9 36.3
36.6 36 9 37.4 38.0 38.2 38.1 38.0 37.9 37.8 37.5 36.8 36.9 36.9 36.8 36.9 37.3 37.9 38.3 38.6 8.8 38.8 138 8
43.7 43.8 43.7 43.5 43.3 43.1 42.8 42 S 42.1
41.6 41.1 40.7 40.4 40.1 397 394 39.3 39.1 38.7 31.9 37.3 36.5 35.7 34.9 34.0 33.2 32.3 31.2 0.1 29.3 28.2
39.0 39.1 39.0 39.2 39.2 39.4 39.8 40.7 41.() 41.7
42.6 43.5 44.2 44.8 45.4 15.9 46.1 46.3 46.4 46.5 16.7 47.1 47.7 4&2 4?.5 48.9 49.4 49.9 0.1 49.8 49.6
42.2 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.2 42.3 42.5 42.5 42.6
42.9 43.3 43.7 44.0 4-.1 44.2 14.1 43.9 43.6 43.3 43.0 42.7 42.3 41.9 41.5 41.1 40.7 40.2 9.7 39.2 38.9
46.6 46.4 46.0 45.7 45.2 44.7 44.4 44.4 44.4 44.8
45.1 45.4 45.7 45.9 46.1 46.2 46.2 46.1 6.O 45.9 45.7 45.4 45.6 44.7 44.3 43.9 3.6 43.2 2.8 42.4 42.0
38.7 39.0 39.4 39.7 40.1 40.4 40.6 40.6 10.7
4.0.7 40.6 40.2 139.7 39.6 38.9 38.4 38.8 37.9 36.8 36.1 35.9 35.3 35.1 34.8 34.1 34.7 34.6
35.0 35.6 36.1 36.5
44.2 45.3 46.0 46.6 46.9 47.3 48.0 48.0 48.9 49.0
49.3 50.6 51.2 51.3 51.3 51.5 50.9 50.5 50.3 49.7 9.2 48.8 48.6 48. 48.2 48.2 48.2 48.0 47.7 47.4 47.0
S
39.62
41.38
39 18
39.10
30.92
37.70
41.81
3507
36.96
29.50
44.44
33.42
39.21
33.75
35.34
41.15
36.48
41.39
44.64
37.39
4561
44.63
39.64
34.44
37.54
36.78
41.34
38.19
39.54,
42.43
43.02
3896
39.66
45.47
28.68
46.66
21.82
27.78
36.72
38.61
44.53
42.36
45.07
37.95
48.52
..
'
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW
(In
AUGUST
Feet)
bete
)-_:-.-------__
I
2
9
42.8
43.5
41.7
33.7
36.6
40.2
45.0
33.2
33.0
42.3
43.2
42.0
33.2
37.2
40.0
45.4
33.4
32.6
1900
31.4
l.3
1891
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
i
46.3 46.2
2
3
37.2 37.0
40.7 49.6
4
15.7
s
3.6
6
7
8
9
1910
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1920
5.7
34.3
40.5 40.5
37.8 37.8
41.0 40.5
s.7 45.7
37.7 37.7
47 2 47.2
44:2 43.8
39.6 39.5
33.0 32.7
36.4 36.3
37.0 37.2
43.7 44.1
39.6
44.7 45.2
45.3 tS.2
45.9 15.8
47.0 47.0
3
.
4
s
6
7
8
1930
I
2
3
4
s
45.3 45.1
48.1 48.2
26.8 27.0
47.9 48.0
43.0 42.7
23.8 26.1
38.9 39.3
27.4
49.7
38.7
41.8
36.9
46.5
27.5
49.7
38.6
40.1
37.2
46.2
3
4
5
42.3 12.2 42.2
42 8 42.7 42.6
12.1 42.3 42.4
32.1 32.2 31.7
37.1 38.3 38.7
8.9
39.7 39.2
45.7 45.9 46.2
33.7 33.1 13.7
32.0 31.6 31.0
31.2 30.8 30.5
46.2 45.7 45.2
36.8 37.2 37.4
40.7 40.9 41.2
35.7 36.0 36.3
34.1 33.9 33.6
40.7 41.2 41.7
37.7 37.7 37.7
40.0 39.4 38.8
45.4 45.3 45.0
38.2 37.9 37.7
47.1 46.9 46.9
43.4 43.0 42.8
39.7 39.7 39.7
32.1 32.4 32.4
36.3 36.3 36.4
37.6 38.2 38.3
44.1 44.7 44.9
39.6 39.5 39.6
45.7 46.0 46 0
45.0 44.7 44.4
45.9 45.8 45.9
16.7 46.7 46.7
45.0 44.7 445
48.2 48.1 48.0
27.2 27.3 27.1
48.1 48.1 48.0
42.4 42.1 41.8
28.1 29.6 31.3
39.6 39.9 10 3
28.0 28.7 30.0
49.9 50.0 50.0
38.4 38.3 38.3
41.3 40 9 40.6
37.5 37.6 37.6
45.8 45.6 45.3
6
7
42.0
4L1
8
9
10
41.7 41.7 41.5
42.3 42.2 41.2 41.1
42.7 43.0 13.2 43.5 43.7
11.3 31.5 32.2 32.7 33.0
39.1 392 39.5 39.7 39.7
38.6 38.0 37.5 36.9 36.3
46.4 46.5 46.4 46.4 464
33.7 33.1 31.2 34.7 35.4
30.2 30.0 30.5 30.6 31.2
30.0 29.7 29.7 29.6 29.5
45.5 45.6 45.4 45.4 45.2
37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6 37.7
41.5 *1.7 41.7 fl.9 42.0
36.3 36.5 36.5 36 8 37.0
33.3 332 33.5 33.7 33.7
42.0 42.3 42.6 42.7 42.7
37.7 37.9 3L0 38.0 38.1
38.2 37.7
37.2 36.6 35.9
44.8 14.7 44.5 44.2 44.0
37.4 37.2 36.9 36.7 16.6
46.8 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7
42.7 42.6 42.3 42.2 42.0
39.8 40.1.40.4 40.7 41.0
32.4 32.7 31.1 33.4 34.0
36.4 36.3 36.5 36.7 37.1
38.4 38.4 38.5 38.6 3&4
45.2 45.4 45.7 45.8 46.1
39.8 40.0 «.2 40.3 40.5
45.9 15.6 45i 16.5 43.8
14.2 44.0 43.6 43.3 42.9
46.1 46.2 46.4 46.6 46.8
46.7 46.6 46.5 46.3 46.2
44.1 43.9 43.5 43.0 42.9
47.8 47.7 47.6 47.5 47.4
27.3 27.3 27.4 27.3 27.3
48.1 48.1 481 48.2 48.3
41.5
l.2 40.8 40.5 40.3
32.6 33.6 34.6 35.4 35.8
40.8
40.6
40.8 40.8 40.7
11.3 .32.5 33.2 33.5 33.5
50.1 50.3 50.5 50.6 50.7
38.2 38.0 37.9 37.7 37.5
40.5 40.1 39.8 39.2 38.7
37.4 37.3 37.0 36.8 36.8
45.0 44.8
44.3 44.3
44.6
42.'?
11
41.2
41.6
43.9
33.6
39.5
35.8
46.3
36.2
31.6
29.3
45.2
37.5
12
13
40.9
41.4
44.1
34.2
39.5
40.7
41.2
44.1
34.7
39.3
5.5 34.7
46.3 46.3
36.7 37.9
14
15
40.S
40.9
44.2
35.5
39.3
34.2
40.3
40.7
44.2
36.0
16
40.3
40.4
44.2
36.5
39.1 39.1
33.4 3i.7
46.2 46.2 '16.0
37.4 37.8 18.2
2.O 32.0 32.5
29.1 28.7 28.2
45.0 14.7 44.5
37.5 37.5 37.7
17
40.3
40.2
44.3
36.7
38.9
32.0
46.0
38.6
32.7 32.7
27.7 27.4
44.2 43.9
37.6 37.4
32.1
27.0
43.4
42.5 42.2 42.0 41.7 42.0 42.0
37.5 37.6 .17.5 37.5 37.5 37.2
34.6 35.2 36.1 36.5 36.9 37.3
42.7 42.9 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3
38.4 38.3 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.4
35.2 34.7 34.2 33.3 32.7 32.0
44.0 43.7 4.7 44.0 44.1 44.1
42.1
36.
36.7
3.6
46.6
41.9
41.0
34.7
37.3
38.3
45.9
44.7
43.7
42.6
46.9
46.0
46.2
41.8
41.0
35.2
37.8
.2
4.2.8
38.1
46.0
41.1
43.8
42.2
47.0
45.7
42.5
46.9
28.0
48.4
39.9
36.2
40.8
33.6
50.6
37.4
41.6
40.9
35.5
37.8
37.9
45.9
41.7
43.4
41.8
46.8
45.2
42.3
46.6
28.5
48.4
39.7
36.6
46.1
41.4
40.8
35.7
38.2
37.7
45.7
1-2.4
43.0
11.4
t6.8
45.2
2.3
47.2
46.6
27.5
29.3
48.2
48.4
40.1
39.8
36.0
.36.5 Th.8
40.7
40.9 40.9
33.6
33.3 33.1
50.3 51.8
50.6
37.5
37.3 37.1
38.3 i378 37.3 36.8
36.9 '37.0 37.2 37.4
44.4 14.4 44.3 44.1
36.7
36.8
46.0
40.9 40.7
40.7 40.7
35.7 35.7
38.6 39.1
37.6 37.4
45.7 45.4
43.0 43.5
42.9 42.5
41.2 40.9
46.7 46.6
44.9 44.7
42.0 41.8
46.0 46.3
30.3 31.0
48.4 48 4
9.8 39.8
17.0 37.0
40.9 41.0
33.0 32.7
52.2 52.6
36.7 36.4
362 35.7
37.6 37.8
44.0 43.8
46.0
37.2
37.0
37.7
43.5
38.4
31.3
1-4.1
36.9
46.0
40.4
40.5
35.7
'39.6
37.2
45.2
43.7
42.3
40.7
46.4
44.6
41.6
46.2
31.6
48.5
39.6
37.1
41.1
18
19
40.2 40.3
39.7
44.4 44.2
36.9 37.1
39.1 39.3
31.7 31.?
45.9 45.8
38.9 39.0
33.0 33.2
26.6 25.8
43.4 42.8
37.1 36.9
42.1 42.0
36.8 36.7
38.1 38.4
43.7 44.2
38.3 38.?
30.5 29.7
44.1 44.0
37.1 37.4
46.0 46.1
40.2 40.2
40.4 40.3
35.7 35.6
40.0 10.4
37.2 36.6
44.8 44.5
44.2 44.6
42.6 41.7
40.7 40.7
6.2 45.9
43.5 43.2
41.2 40.8
46.1 45.9
32.2 33.6
40
48 6
39.3
37.2
41.1
32 5 32.3
53.2 53.2
36.1 35.8
35.3 34.8
20
40.3
39.6
42.2
37.2
39.7
30.9
457
39.5
33.6
25.2
42.7
21
22
40.3 40.3
396 39.4
44.2 443
37.2 37.2
40.2 40.6
30.6 30.3
45.4 45.3
39.7 40.0
33.9 34.3
24.8 24.4
42.1 41.8
6.9 36.9 36.8
41.8
36.5
18.6
44.3
38.2
29.7
44.0
37.6
46.3
41.5
36.3
38.8
44.5
38.0
29.5
44.0
41.4
36.6
39.1
44.6
37.8
29.6
44.1
37.8 38.3
46.7 47.Q
40.4 40.6 40.7
40.2
35 6
10.7
36.2
44.0
44.8
41.3
10.5
45.6
42.8
40.8
45.7
33.1
48.7 48.9
39.1 38.7
37.2 37.3
40.9 40.7
32.3 32.3
53.6 53.2
35.5 35.3
40.1
39.8
35.6 35.7
41.1 41.2
36.1 35.7
43.8 43.6
44.9 45.0
41.0 41.0
40.4 4..5
45.2 44.9
42.7 42.4
40.7 40.6
45.5 45.3
13.5 33.9
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
1O4
40.4 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.1 40i 40.0 39.9
39.2 .9.2 39.2 39.3 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.7 39.7
44.3 44.2 44.2 44.2 44.2 44.1 43.9 43.7 43.1
37.1 36.9 36.7 36.4 36.2 35.1 35.6 35.2 34.7
40.9 41.1 40.1 40.7 40.5 40.3 40.1 39.9 39.8
30.3 30.4 30.7 31.0 31.3 31.7 32.7 33.6 34.2
45.1 45.0 44.1 44.7 44.3 44.0 43.7 43.3 42.9
40.2 40.2 40.4 40.3 4.0.3 40.3 40.4 40.2 40.3
34.6 34.1 35.2 35.2 35.0 35.3 35.6 36.0 36.4
23.6 23.1 22.7 22.3 22.2 21.7 215 21.2 21.1
41.S 41.1 40.6 40.6 39.7 39.4 39.0 38.8 38.7
36.7 37.4 37.5 37.7 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.7
41.2 41.1 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.8 40 8 40.7 40.6
36.2 36.4 36.7 36.9 36.8 36.8 36.5 36.1 35.8
39.4 39.6 39.7 40.1 40.4 4.0.8 41.2 41.3 41.6
44.8 45.0 45.0 45.0 44.8 44.7 44.4 44.0 43.6
37.7 37.6 37.2 37.2 37.0 36.9 36.6 36.6 36.8
29.7 30.1 30.1 30.2 30.4 30.8 31.5 31.9 32.2
44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 43.9 43.3 43.4
38.
38.8 39.2 39.4 39.5 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.2
47.3 47.4. 47.6 47.7 47.6 47.5 47.2 47.2 47.4
40.8 40.7 40.6 40.5 40.2 40.1 39.8 39.439.0
39.8 39.6 39 4 39.2 38.9 38.7 38.4 37.6 37.3
35.9 35.8 35.5 35.2 35.1 34.9 34.9 35.2 35.4
41.4 41.5 41.6 41.4 41.2 41.1 41.9 10.7 40.6
35.2 34.7 34.2 33.7 33.0 32.2 31.3 30.7 30.0
43.2 43.0 42.7 42.4 42.1 41.7 41.3 41.0 40.9
45.2 45.2 45.1 44.9 1447 447 446 44.5 44.7
40.7 40 3 40.0 39.6 138.7 39.0 38.9 138 8 38.7
40.7 41.0 41.2
44.8 44.5 44.2
42.2 $1.7 41.4
40.4 40.4 40.3
41.5 41.7 41.8
44.0 43.2 43.0
4t.0 40.7 40.2
40.3 4C.2 40.0
45.2 45.1 45.1 45.1 44.9 44.9
.34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.2
48.9 48.8 48.6 48.4 18.2 479 47.7 47.4
38.4 38.2 38.0 37.7 37.5 37.0 37.0 37.0
37.2 37.2 37.0 36.8 36.5 36.0 35.1 34.6
40.4 40.1 39.7 39.4 38.9 38.4 37.6 37.0
32.4 32.8 33.4 33.7 33.7 33.3 32.9 32.9
53.5 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.2 53.0 53.0 52.8
35.2 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.5 35.5 35. .35.8
33.5 33.1 32.7 34.4 32.0 31.7 31.4 31.1
$1.9 41.9 41.9
43.0 42.8 42.7
39.3 3.4 47.1
39.8 39.4 39.1
44.7 44.5 44.3
33.9 34.1 :34.3
46.5 46.4 46.2
37.0 36 5 36.1
34.6 34.1 33.6
36.4 35.8 34.7
33.2 33.8 34.2
52.7 52.5 52.2
36.2 36.5 36.6
34.4 33.8
30.7 30.1 29.6
37.9 38.2 38.2 38.2 37.9 37.7 37.5 37.4 37.3 37.5 37.4 37.5
37.5 37.8 37.9
43.6 43.4 43.2 43.0
142.8 42.5 42.1 41.8 41.4 41.1) 40.7 40.4 40.2 40.0 39.8
Mean
40.92
40.84
43.56
34.84
39.36
34.44
45.47
37.31
32.98
26.92
43.34
37.38
41.42
36.62
36.96
43.22
37.83
33.85
44.37
37.80
46.80
41.41
39.90
31.00
38.89
36.30
44.20
42.5
42.62
42.44
45.5
4402
42.W
46.41
30.6
48.1
39.S
34.4
39.71
32.11
51.71
36.71
36.1
37.4
43.4
GAUGE HEIGHT AT ILANKOW
i
2
4
3
'
6
7
8
9
Io
Il
12
fl
Il
I
I(
1"
18
(In
I
20
SEPT1IBER
Feet)
21
2'
21
2
26
27
29
U
Mean
32.5
32.3
39.4
35.0
31.1
$3.2
32.i
36.3Q
32.1
36.07
8
.
1891
2
3
4
s
6
7
s
9
1900
I
2
3
19.5
'39.7
43.2
34.1
39.6
35.0
42.7
39.2
39.3
12.9
;33.9
39.3
35.5
42.3
39.9
36.7
20.3
38.2
39.2
39.2
2.7
33.8
39.2
36.2
12.0
39.7
10.1
16.7
36.6
'20.2
20.1
38.0
38.5
377
377 37.8
40.6 40. 10.2
4
l5.7
s
fl.7
6
13.7 43.9
8
12.3 32.2
13.2 42.9
38.8 38.6
17.3 47.0
39.0 38.9
17.1 36.9
15.7 35.7
io.i 40.2
29.7 29.6
40.9 $0.9
14.8 4.8
38.7 38.5
1.9 42.0
2.8 3.3
35 8 36.1
41.8 $1.9
37.0
9
1910
i
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1920
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
1930
1
2
3
4
5
I
i.0
7.O
38.8 38.6
4.2 44.1
:4 6 34.6
6.0 5.7
35.9 35.6
33.1 32.6
34.0 33.4
35.2 36.1
51.8 51.8
36.8 37.1
29.6 29.4
37.8 37.8
39.7 39.7
3.8
37.2
32.2
2.7
38.2
46.8
38.7
37.2
35.8
40.2
29.7
39.2 39.1 .39.1 38.9
3Q.o 38.5 382 38.2
42.5 42.5 42.2 t2.I
33.1 33.9 33.7 .33.6
38.7 38.4:37.1 37.7
36.7 37.4 3&4 38.6
$1.9 11.9 41.9 1.9
:39.6 38.8 38.2 &7
:36.6 36.6 36.1 36.q
'20.1 20.0 0.1 20 6
17.7 37.5 37.2 6.9
37.8 37.9 37.6 .37.3
40.2 40. $0.5 1105
16.2 36.3 36.4 36.5
111.8 11.8 ¡11.8 41.8
13.5 3.2 3.0 42.8
37.5 37.6 7.s 37.5
31.8 31.7 51.3 31.2
42.4 42.0 11.6 41.3
37.8 37.8 37.1 38.2
16.6 16.3 t6.3 6.3
38.5 38.3 38.2 38.1
37.3 37.4 37.5 37.4
36.0 36.2 36.5 36.6
40.2 40.4 0.5 0.4
29.8 29.7 29.6 34.3
10.9 11.0 11.0 41.1 40.7
15.0 45.1 15.1 45.0 5.0
38.5 38.5
2.1 2.0
43.7 3.8
46.7 6.7
38.1 38.0
43.8 3.6
34.7 34.6
45.5 4:53
35.1 34.6
32.2 31.4
32.7 32.0
36.6 36.8
51.5 51.4
37.5 37.8
29.0 28.8
37.7 37.5
39.6 39.5
38.6
11.8
43.9
$6.7
38.1
38.6
41.7
43.9
6.7
38.2
43.4
43.1
34.5
45.1
34.4
30.8
31.8
36.9
51.3
38.2
28.4
37.0
39.7
34.5
14.8
34.3
30.1
30.8
37.2
51.2
38.5
28.1
37.0
39.8
38.5
41 8
43.7
6.6
37.8
2.8
34.5
44.5
34.4
29.3
30.4
37.4
31.1
38.8
27.7
37.2
39.9
38.7 38.4 38.1 7.8 37.5 37.2 36.9 36 7 36.6 6.3 6.1 35.! 35.6 3.2 .5.O 34.7 31.4 34.3 33.1 33.2 31.0
38.0 37.1 37.7 .17.5 37.2 37.0 6.7 36 S .6.2 35.7 35M 34.5 34.3 3 O 24.2 34.0 31.7 33.5 33.2 32.9 .2.7
41.7 1.6 41.2 41.1 JI.O 40.9 10.8 41.1 11.2
I.4 41.5 11.5 41.5 '11.4 41.3 41.2 41.0 Ii).5 IO.? 4O.(
33.4 32.9 2.7 32.6 32.4 32.2 31.9 31.9 31.7 u 5 31.3 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.6 32.0 32.5 33.0 33.6 33.9 3.6
5.3 15.2 34.6 34.2 34.1 31.9 33.1 33.6 33 2 33.0 32.5 2.2 2.0
7.S 37.2 36.1 36.6 36.5 36.( ?.5.l 3.5
38.9 39.2 39 5 39.9 10.2 40.6 10.9 1 1 .2 41 .5 41 .7 4 I .1 41.9 42.0 42.1 2.2 12.2 42.3 42.6 42.6 2.7 t2.9
22
2 I 42.0
2.0 12.2 42.0 12.0 $1.7 11.7 11.9 li.Q 12.1 42.1 42.6 42.1 42.1 42.2 12.5 12.5 41.4
11.9
8.6 38.7 38.9 38 9 8.7 38.8 38.1 38.9 39.1 39.2 39. 19.6 39.4 39.3 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.3 3Q.3 39.3 39.3
41.2 11 4 41.4 11.3
36.4 36.8 37.4 37.9 8.4 3R.
9.0 39.2 39.7 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.1 40.4 40.7 111.9
3.6 13.9 24.3 !4.3 '24.4 24 5 24.2 23.8 23.3 22.7 22.1 :212 O.2
1.O 21.3 '1.7 Z1.8 !1.7 22.0 22.1 ¿3.4
36.4 36.2 36.0 35.7 45.4 5.0 14.8 31.4 34.1 33.7 33.5 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.3 3.5 33.5 31.2 33.0 33.0 :33.0
3? 2 .17.0 36.7 16.4 359 15.S 35.2 34.8 34.4 34.7 34.5 34.2 34.1 34.4 :34.5 34 7 34.8 35.0 35.3 35.5 35.5
IO. 10.2 1J.0
40.8 40.9 41 ()
tl.2 11.4 41.6 41.6 41.7 u.S 41.2 fl.2 11.3 '41.1 41.0 40.9 10.7 4'
36.7 36.7 '36.7 6.7 36.7 37.1 37.4 37.5 37.5 37.3 37.2 37.5 37.7 37.7 37. 37.1 36.9 37.2 37.2 36.9 6.9
1.9 12.0 42.1
2.5 ;12.l 3.l 43.2 43.2 13.2 13.1 33.0 t3.0 43.2 43.4 t3.2 13.2 43.3 13.2 i3.() 2.8 2.5
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112
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3
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12
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17
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32.1 32.2 32.2 321
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317
3
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35 3 35.2 34.9 34.7 34.3 34.1 33.7 33.4 33.1 32.7 32.3 31.8 31.6 31.3 30.9 30.7 30.4 30.2
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9
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4
1920
8
332 33.2 33.1 32.7 32.2 32.1 31.9 31.7 31.4 31.2 31.0 30.7 30.7 30.6 30.7 307 30.8 30.9
346
8
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36.7 37.0 37.2 37.3 37.7 38,3 38.7 38.9
30.5 30.2 29.1 29.6 29.2 28.1 28.3 28.6
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377 37.5 38.1 38.9 38.9 38.9 .18.1 38.7 38.6 38.3
i
317
387
359
312
415
32
3
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OCTOBER
29.2
36.1
37.5
30.0
43.7
37.3
44.4
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32.1
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13.6 12.1 12.7
29.7 29.3 9.1
33.7 33.2 33.0
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4.0.5 39.7 40.2 40.3
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42.2 I2.5 42.8 43.3
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39.2 39.2 39.1 .18.9
21.8 21.5 ¿1.1 20.7
31.7 31.5 31.2 31.0
28.0 28.2 28.7 29.2
34.8 34.2 34.1 34.3
30.8 30.6 30.4 30.1
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38.3 37 8 37.4 36.7
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2.6 42.2 2.0 41.7
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29.0 28.4 27.8 l73
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32.0 31.3 30.7 292
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32.8 32.7 32.5 32.0
33.5 33.4 33.7 33.5
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30.6 30.4 300 29.4
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39.9 39.5 38.9 38.2
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36.3
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37.8
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32.5
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33.6
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28.7
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34.3
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35 7
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30.7
32.6
27.6
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36.6
26.5
31.9
35.4
31.7
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36.4
26.3
32.2
11.?
26.2
27.8
30.7
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39.5
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33.96
30.15
36.48
37.44
29.73
44.29
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38.3
34.3
37.9
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24.8 245 24:2 24.0
29.6 291 28.7 28.3
28.4 280 27.6 27.3
34.5 340 33.5 33.2
27.3 26 4 '5.0 125.3
21.3 20 8 20.7 0.6
¿4.5 ¿4 1 37 Z32
28.8 285 !8.S 28.7
37.4 69 6 4 3S 9
33 4
33 1
30:1
35.1
33.1 32 7 322 31 7
32 5 20 313 108
29:6 ¿89 282 73
35.6 36:2 36:7 37:1
¿1.7
Z5.0
38.51
34.79
37.91
13.34
30.68
31.16
34.94
3494
41.36
35.78
42.07
29.22
37.91
35.37
39.19
22.57
31.56
25 85
36.13
30.30
34.17
39.17
32.81
41.75
41.53
31.89
30.27
32.38
31.90
35.02
30.34
24.60
30.06!
33.43
-z
41.89 O)
3678
31 36
33:75
38.41
GAUGE IIEIGII'I' AT ILANKOW (In Feet)
-12
3:4
S67
-
1891
2
!
4
s
6
7
8
9
1900
I
i
i.
2
3
4
:
s
6
.
î
i
:
8
9
1910
I
2
3
4
I
s
6
7
8
9
1920
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1930
I
2
3
4
5
8
NOVEMBER
iL__
9iOH112l314IS16l7l8192O2l22232125262728293O
a----
36.6 '36 6 36.6 36 5 36.1 35.7 35.4 34.2 33.9 34.0 34.1 34.5
263 26.2 26.1 25:8 25.2 25.5 2.2 2S.1 25.2 24.7 M.4 24.7
31.2 30 3 297 29 0 28.5 27.8 27.3 26.7 26.2 2S 6 24.Q 24.5
35.1 35.0 :347 34:5 34.2 33.9 33.5 33.1 32.6 322 31.7 31.2
31.0 29.5 30.4 30 2 29.9 29.7 29.4 29.2 28.7 28.2 27.7 27.1
40.3 40.0 39.5 390 38.3 38.1 177 37.0 '36.4 35.8 35.2 34.6
36.1 36.0 '35.9 35.5 35.0 35.0 345 34.2 33.9 33.4 33.0 32.5
25.5 25.0 24.2 23.6 23.4 22.9 22.2 21.8 21.5 21.2 21.0 20.8
31.8 31.3 30.8 30.2 30.0 29.8 29.6 29.3 29.2 29.0 28.6 ¿8.3
11.4 11.7111.9 12.1 11.9 11.5 10.9 104 9.8 9.2 9.1 7.7
26.0 26.1 '25.8 '25.4 25.0 24.7 24.0 23.5 23.0 222 21.6 20.7
27.5 26.9 26.2 25.9 25.3 24.7 24.2 23.7 23.3 22.7 22.2 21.7
30.6 30.3 30.1 29.7 29.2 28.6 27.Q 27.2 26.7 26.2 25.6 25.0
33.9 33.8 33.8 33.7 33.3 33.0 32.8 32.6 32.2 31.7 31.4 30.8
39.4 39.1 38.0 37.5 37.7 37.5 37.2 37.0 36.6 36.2 35.7 35.P
28 7 27.0 26.9 26.6 25.9 25.2 24.7 24.2 23.5 22.9 22.2 1.8
43.7 43.6 :431 42.8 12.7 12.7 42.4 42.1 41.9 41.6 41.2 40.9
28.4 28.0 :278 27.7 '27.5 27.7 28.3 29.0 29.7 30.1 30.3 31.0
38.2 38 2 :380 37.3 37.2 37.1 37 1 36.8 36.5 36.0 35 7 35.7
34.1 34.1 34.1 34.0 34.0 33.8 33.7 33.5 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.4
37.7 37.7 37.7 37.4 37.4 37.2 36.8 36.7 36.5 36.2 35.9 35.6
16.0 15.7 15.5 15.2 14.7 14.0 13.9 13.8 13.7 14.1 14.5 14.6
26.7 26.5 26.2 25.8 25.7 25.2 24.4 24.1 23.7 23.4 23.2 12.9
29.2 29.2 '29.2 28.7 29.4 29.8 29.8 30.1 30.2 29.7 29.7 29.2
34.2 34.6 34.2 33.9 '33.5 32.9 32.5 32.2 32.1 31.9 31.4 30.6
27.7 27.9 28.2 28.4 28.7 29.2 29.6 29.7 30.0 30.3 30.7 31.0
30.2 30 2 30.4 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.7 30 5 30.2 29.0 29.6
31.4 31.1 30.7 30.4 2Q.7 29.2 28.9 28.6 28.1 27.9 27.8 27.7
25.5 24.8 24.2 23.6 229 22.3 21.7 20.8 20.3 19.8 19.5 19.4
37.1 36.5 36.0 35.5 34.5 34.3 34.3 33.3 33.3 32.7 31.7 31.0
37.7 37.2 36.7 36.0 35.6 35.1 34.7 34.0 33.4 32.0 32.4 31.7
25.6 25.5 25.0 24.4 23.9 23.9 23.1 22.3 22.0 21.5 21.0 20.4
23.9 24.2 24.7 25 0 25.1 25.2 25.2 24.5 24.1 23.5 22.7 22.1
27.2 27.0 26.4 25.5 24.8 4.3 23.7 23.1 22.4 21.7 20.9 20.2
27.0 26.6 26.0 26.0 25.9 25.8 25.9 26.0 26.2 26.2 26.0 25.7
32.9 32.4 32.1 31.7 31.3 30.9 30.4 29.9 29.5 29.0 28.7 28.2
24.6 23.7 22.9 22.1 21.3 20.4 19.5 18.8 18.3 17.8 17.4 17.0
20.2 19.7 18.9 18.5 180 17.5 17.0 15.8 14.9 14.6 14.4 14.2
22.8 22.4 22.0 21.8 21.6 21.4 21.2 21.0 20.7 20.4 19.7 19.4
28.6 29 0 29.4 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.3 28.9 28.3 27.6 27.3
25.2 34.7 34.1 33.5 32.7 .32.0 31. 30.8 30.2 29.6 29.1 28.5
31.0 30.5 29.5 29.1 28.4 27.7 26.7 26.2 25.6 25.1 24.7 24.3
30.3 29.6 28.8 28.2 27.5 26.7 26.1 25.6 25.1 24.6 24.4 24.2
26.2 25.5 24.9 24.2 23.4 22.6 21.9 21.2 20.7 20.2 19.7 19.3
37.2 37.2 37.0 36.7 35.6 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.5 35.4
1316 34.6 342
25.1 25.4 25.6
23.7 23.2 22.7
30.8 30.3 29.7
26.2 25.4 25.0
34.1 33.6 33.0
32 0 31.7 30.8
20.5 20.0 19.7
28.2 27.7 26.9
7.6 7.2 6.7
20.0 19.2 18.2
21.0 19.7 18.8
24.7 23.9 23.2
30.0 28.6 28.4
34.2 34.0 33.7
21.0 20.3 19.7
40,5 40.0 39.5
31.7 32.7 33.7
35.5 35.3 35.0
32.2 31 9 31.4
35.3 34.9 34.8
14.5 14.2 14.0
22.2
21.7
288 28.4 28.1
30.3 30.2 29.8
30.9 30.6 30.2
29.1 28.6 28.2
27.6 27.1 26.7
19.6 19.7 19.7
30.7 30.7 29.6
31.2 30.5 29.9
19.9 19.5 19.2
21.4 20.6 19.7
19.4 18.8 18.1
25.7 2S.7 25.6
26.5 25.9 25.6
16.7 16.3 15.8
¿II
13.9 13.8 13.6
19.0 18.6 18.1
26.8 26.2 25.6
33.4
25.8
22.1
29.0
24.3
32.7
29.8
33.4
25.9
21.4
28.2
125.4
32.3
29.8
19.0 18.0
26.8 26.4
6.1 5.7
33.2
25.8
20.6
27.5
22.4
32.2
29.7
17.7
26.2
5.4
32.8 32.5 31.8 31.6 31.0 30.0 29.0 78.3 27.6 26.7 2!.4 '24.7
25.8 25.3 25.5 25.3 25.1 24.2 21.1 '24.1 24.4 24.3
24.2 23.8
19.6 18.9 t8.3
27.0 26.3 2S.7
21 3 20.5 19.7
32.& 31.8 31.6
17.1
19.0
31.3
29.3 29.0 28.8 28.7
17.0 15.9 14.5 14.0
25.8 25.4 24.7 24.8
S.l
4.8
4.4
27.9 27.3 26.7 26.7 25.7
33.3 33.0 32.7 32. 31.6
19.0 18.2 17.5 16.4 16.1
38.5 38.0 37.0 a6.8 36.7
34.2 34.7 35.0 35.1 34.8
34.6 34.2 33.7 33.2 32.6
31.1 30.2 30.1 29.7 29.4
34.9 35.1 34.9 35.6 35.8
14.1 14.2 14.1 14.1 13.9
21.4 20.9 20.4 19.9 19.5
27.8 27.5 27.2 26.8 26.2
29.2 28.7 28.9 28.6 28.6
29.8 29.0 28.5 27 8 27.2
27.5 169 26.3 2.7 25 0
26.4 25.9 25.7 25.7 25.5
19.6 19.2 18.5 17.7 17.1
Z9.0 285 27.9 27.3 26.6
29.3 28.6 27.6 27.1 26.4
l.7
27.9 27.3 26.6
24.2 24.2 23.5 23.4
23.9 23.4 22.7 22.1
19.4 20.2 211 23.6
35.1 34.8 34.5 33.6
23.4
21.7
25.2
33.5
17.8
17.0
15.8
24.6
17.6
16.6
14.8
Z4.4
25.1.
31.2
15.7
36.2
34.5
31.9
9.0
35.9
16.4 16.0 15.6 15.6 14.7 14.3
s 20.4
118.2
16.4 IS.? i5. u.s
31.1
t.O 30.4 29 8 29.2 28.8
28.7 28.7 28.6 2&5 28.2 27 7
13.9 13.5 13.1 12.8 12.4 il2.5
23.5 22.7 22.1 21.0 20 2 19.6
37 37! 34 2.2 2.0 1.7
11.9 11.4 11.2 10.8 10.7 10.4
13.6 I2.9 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.1
17.3 16.4 15.2 14.5 14.0 13.7
23.6 23.0 22.2 21.5 20.6 19.7
30.6 30.0 29.4 29.0 28.4 27.8
14.4 13.9 13.3 12.9 12.8 12.6
241 23.7 23.3 22.7 22.0
40
17.5 16.5 15.6 14.3 13.7 13.0 12.4
18.2 17.6 16.9 16.2 15.4 $4.7 14.1
22f 21.8 20.8 20.0 19.5 18.8 18.1
t8.5 18.2
18.9 18.1 17.6
17.5 16.9 16.4
25.6 25.4 25.1
25.0 24.6 23.9
15.3 14.8 14.3
13.5 13.3 13.2
17.6 17.1 16.6
24.9 24.5 24.1
26.1 25.7 25.0
Mean
24.4
30.9
15.0
I.3
36.0 35.6 35.4 35.2
33.7 33.5 33.2 32.8
31.3 30.6 28.8 28.5
28.3 27.7 27.0 26.3
36.0 36.2 36.2 36.2
13.8 13.6 13.1 '12.6 11.9
ii
192
13.8
28.3
27.1
12.3
18.7
1.7
10.3
10.7
¡3.2
27.7
26.6
12.1
1*64
17.6
1.7
10.2
10.2
13.1 12.7
18.7 17.6
26.8 26.2
12.2 t 1.7
26.45
6.96
1969
3903
11.1
31.33
33.67
30.42
36.12
13.65
20.89
27.42
29.72
27.19
26.36
26.79
18.70
29.44
29.39
19.47
20.41
18.68
24.77
25.77
16.27
8.9
12.0
14.14
17.80
17.1
18.1
15.1
24.98
26.71
23.51
22.88
23.66
33.99
17.2
16.6
14.1
24.1
16.7 16.2 15.8 14.9 14.3 14.1 13.8 13.5 13.1
16.7 17.2 17 5 17.6 17.5 17.1 16.4 15.9 15.5
13.7 13.4 l3.1 12.9 12.5 12.2 11.9 11.7 11.4
24.6 24.2 23.7
26.0 25.7 25 2
237 '22.3 20.8
20.8 19.7 18.6
24.2 23.6 22.9
23.4 23.5 23.3
24.7 24.1 23.7
20.1 19.2 18.3
17.7 16.9 16.2
23.7 23.3 23.0 22.6 22.3 22.0 21.6 21.2 20.6
¿34 23.0 22.5 21.8 21.2 20.9 20.2 ¡19.7 19.2 18.8 18.3 17.8
¿6.2 26.5 27.1 27.2 26.9 26.8
33.6 33.6 33 6 33.4 33.1 32.6
22.55
27.96
33.65
34.7 34.4 34.0 33.5
31.5 31.0 30.5 29.8
27.0 26.3 25.5 24.7
25.1 24.3 23.3 22.3
35.8 35.6 35.2 35.0
11.5 10.9 10.5 9.9 9.6
22.4 21.8 21.2
16.4 15.1 15.1 13.8 13.5 13.5 13.2 12.8 12.5 12.3
25 9 25.3 24.7 24.0 Z3.3 23.0 22.7 22.2 21.9 21.6
25.5 14.7 24.2 23.7 23.0 22.2 21.5 20.8 211 19.4
23.t 22.6 22.2 21.6 20.9 20.2
21.3 20.8 20.4 20.0 19.0 19.2
18.11
19.00
35.0
32.5
27.8
25.7
35.9
25.7 25 5
27.3 26.8
'5.6 24.7
23.5 22.6
25.2 24.9
12.5 12.0
12 1 11.8
14.4 13.9
22.2 21.6
22.5 21.9
22.30
28.69
23.79
33.98
31.45
18 9
18.9 18.3 17.6 16.7 15.7 14.9 14.0 13.2 12.4 12.0
13.8 13.4 12.9
13.1 12.8 12.4
16.1 15.6 15.0
fl.7 23.2 22.7
24.4 23 9 23.0
2.*S
14.1 13.7
25.7
27.8
26.3
24.2
25.3
25.0
26.4
24.7
21.7
24.6
32.83
11.7 11.4 11.3 11.4 11.3 11.1
11.5 11.1 10.7 10.1 9.6 9.3
13.8 13.7 13.6 13.4 13.0 12.5
20.8 20.2 19.4 18.6 18.1 17.6
21.4 20.7 19.8 19.1 18.7 18.5
19.5 18.6 17.3 16.6 16.0 15.6
18.9 18.5 18.1 17.6 17.1 16.6
26.1 25.5 24.7 23.2 22.9 22.3
31.9 31.5 31.1 30.1 29.6 29.0
16.2
21.5
28.5
!
GAUGE HEIGHT AT HANKOW (In Feet)
2
1891
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
1900
I
2
3
4
s
7
8
9
1910
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
192')
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
l93)
I
2
3
4
5
23.9
23.4
13.4
18.2
23.0
23.0
13.9
18.0
12.5
25.9
25.3
11.3
15.7
3
4
201 20.2
5
6
I
8
9
IO
11
-------
-I
12H
19.7 19.7 17,5 16.3 15.2 14.7 13.9 13.2 12.6
22.5 21.7 21.1 20 2 19.6 19.7 18.1 17.4 16.2 15.5
15.4
12.7 12.2 11.7 11.1 1O. 10.4 10.8 9.5 Q.2
8.8 8.7
17.5 17.0 16.2 15.4 15.2 14.7 14.2 I3. 13.4 13.1
12.7
12.0 11.5 11.3 11.4 11.8 11.7 11.8 12.2 12.4
12.5 121
25.3 25 3 24.2 23.7 23.6 23.2 22.7 22.2 21.7
21.1 20.4
18
19
20
21
---
22
111.8 11.2 tO.5
9.8 9.7 9.3 8.8 8.2 7.9
15.4 15.4 15 2 15.0 15.0 14.8 14.5 14.2 13.5
DECEMBER
23
24
---
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean
71 7.6 7.0 68 6.6 6.3 4.1 5.9 5.7 12.49
t2.2 12.1 11.3 10.7 10.2 9.7 9.4 8.8 8.2 15.72
5.5 5.4 5.0 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.0
806
118
11.2
9.6 9.3 9.1 8.8 8.6 7.7 7.3 7.4 7.3 7 1
12.9
12.09
11.7
10.0
269
8.1
7.2 7.2 6.3 5.8 5 3 4.7 4.3 4.0 3.6 3.2
9.37
19.7
17.2
14.6 13.7 13.2 13.2 13 0 12.6 12.2 11.7 11 5 11.2 10.6 10.3 1835
25.9
24.7 23.9 23.1 22.2 21.6 20.9 20.0 18.7 17.5
16.9 17.0 16 5
14.9
13.6
12.7
13.1
12.1
11.7
11.8
t16 11.3 10.8 10.5 10.1 9.8 9.6 16.60
11.0 10.7 10.2 9.9 9.7 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.6
82 7.9 7.6
6.8
5.9 5.5 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.1 37 3.4 3.3
16.4
15.0 14.3 13.7 13.2 12.7 12.1 11.7 11.4 10.9 10.5
7.35
10.1
9.7
&6
7.7
7.6
7
7
1.7 1.7
7.2
6.6
6.6 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.0
1.9 2.3 2.7 3.0 2.9 3.1
9.89
3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2
2.7
1.7 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.3 00 -0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0 8 -0.7 -0.7
9.5 9.1 9.0 8.9 8.8 8.7 8.5 8.4 8.3
1.79
8.2 7.9
7.7 7.3 7.0
5.9
4.7 4.4 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.2
9.7' 9.2 8.8 8.4 7.8 7.1 7.1
6.14
7.0 6.8 6.7 6.5 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.0
5.5 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.7
12.2 11.9 11.5 11.4 11.3 11.2 11.1
6.22
10.9 10.6 10.2 9.8 9.5 9.2 8.8 8.2 7.7 7.6
6,5 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.2
15.8 15.1 14.3 13.7 13.2 12.7 11.7 11.8 11.4
8.26
10.9 10.3 10.3 10.2 10.2 9.9 9.9
10.2 10.0 9.7 9.5 9.2 9.0 8.6 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.2 10.9!
25.6 24.9 24.2 23.5 22.9 22.2 21.4 20.7
20.2 19.6 18.6 18.! 17.5 17.2 16.3 15.8 15.4
14.3
1.5
13.7
13.7
13.6
10.7 10.5
13.5
13.6
13.7
14.1
14.7
IS.S
16.5 17.2 17.82
9.3 9.0 8.7 8.6 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.4
7.2
67 65 6.3 6.2 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.6
13.1 32.7 32.2 31.8 31.2 30.5 30.0 29.2 28.5
5.2
4.7 4.6
7.74
27.5 26.8 26.3 25.7 24.8 24.1 23.2 22.3
20.7 19.9 19.0 18.2 17.5 16.9 16.2 15.5 14.9 14.3 13.7 13.3 12.7
29.0 28.3 27.6 26.9 26.1 25.2 24.0 22.8 21.8 21.0
23.38
20.3 19.0 18,2 17.5 16.5 15.7 14.9 114.0 13.7 13.2
23.8 23.0 22.1 21.2 20.3 19.6 18.8 18.1 17.0 16.2
12.8 12.4 11.9 11.7 11.2 11.0 10.6 10.3 10.1 10.0 Q.? 17.66
15.8 15.5 15.1 14.8 14.2 13.7 13.5
13.0 12.8 12.6 12.2 12.0 11.6 11.2 10.7 10.5 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.5 9.2
21.6 20.8 20.4 20.2 19.7 19.0 18 3 17.8 17.3 17.0
15.02
16.5 16.0 15.8 15.7 15.6 15.3 15.2 t4.8 14.5
34.6 33.8 33.4 33.2 32.7 31.8 31.7 31.2 30.8
313 30.0 29.7 29.2 28.5 28.1 27.7 27.2 26 6 25.8 14.1 13.7 13.6 13.5 13.2 13.0 12.7 12.3 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.3 15.80
9.0 8.8 8.6 8.3 8.2 80 7.9 7.5 7.3 7.3
25.2 24.3 23.6 23.2 22.6 22.2 22.1 21.8 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.6 27.S5
7.2 7.2 6.9 6.5 6.5 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8
5.8 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.5 6.6 6.6 66 6.7 6.8 7.0
11.7 11.5 11.0 10.7 10.4 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.5
7.02
9.2 9.1 8.9 86 8.3 8.1 8.0 7.9
8.0
8.2
23.0 22.3 21.3 20.6 19.9 19.3 18.7 18.2 18.0
8.3 83 8.2 8.0 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.6
8.90
18.0 18 0 18.0 17.8 17.6 17.2 16.7
16.1 15.4 14.7 14.1 13.3 12.4 11.7 11.1 10.3 9.7 9.3 9.0 8.7
23.2 227 22.7 21.5 20.9 20.2 19.2 18.2 17.4
8.6 8.2 15.64
16.7 16.2 15.6 15.1 14.2 13.7 13.2
12.6 12.2 11.7 11.3 10.8 10.4 10.0 9.7 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.2 7.8 7.5 7.2
17.5 16.7 15.8 15.1 14.4 13.7 13.0
14.35
11.2 11.0 10.8 10.6 10.2 9.9 9.7 9.4
9.2 8.8 8.6 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.8 7.3 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.2 6.0
15.4 14.7 13.9 13.2 12.7 12.5 12.2 11.9
5.9 5.8 10.2!
11.7 11.4 11.2 11.1 10.7 10.2 10.0 ¶'.7
9.4 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.3 7.8 7.5 7.2 7.0 6.7 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.7 5.6
20.1 19.0 18.2 17.7 17.2 16.9 16.5 16.1 IS.8
9.94
15.7
'2.! 11.7 11.2 10.8 10.2 9.7 9.4 9.2 8.9 8.7 158.45 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.1 14.9 14.Q 15.7 16.4 16.8 17.1 jT.3 17.4 17.3 17.3 16.38
8.2 8.0 7.7 7.6 7.2 7.! 6.9
21.2 20.9 ¿0.3 20.2 19.5 19.2 19.1 19.4 19.6
67
6.6
6.6
6.2
5.9 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.8 4.8
7.71
19.9 23.2 20.6 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.3
20.0 19.6 18.7 18.2 17.5 16.8 16.0 15.3 14.7 14.0 13.2 12.6 12.0 11.6 11.4 18.04
18.7 18.1 17.5 (7.0 16.5 16.0 15.4 15.0 14.5
14.! 13. 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.1 11.9
11.6 11.3 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 !l.0 10.7 10.5 10.2 10.1 10.0 9.7 9.6 9.3
12.6 12.2 11.611.0 10.S 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.3
12.96
9.0
lS.! 14.7 14.4t4.l 13.8 13.4 13.0 112.6 12.2 11.9 8.5 8.5 8.2 7.9 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.1
8.24
11.8 II 6 11.2 11.0 10.9 11.1
11.3 11.3 11 2 11.0 l0.7l0.2 9.8 9.5 9.1 8.7 8.2 7.7 7.1
11.2 11.0 10.9 10.6 10.1 9.7 9.5 9.3
7.8 6.8 11.18
9.1 8.7 83 8.0 7.8 7.5 7.2 7.1
6.9 6.8 6.5 6.1
5.8t 5.6 5.4 5.4 S 2 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.4 4.! 4.2
119.8 19.1 18.3 17.6 16.9 16.3 15.6 15.0 14 4 13.6 12.9
7.44
12.2 11.6 11.2 10.6 10.0 9.5
17.4 17.1 16.9 16.8 17.0 17.2 16.7 16,5
8.9 84 8.2 7 9 7.6 7.4 7 0 6.7 6.4 6.2 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.5 11.26
16.8 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.1 16.9 16.6
16.3 16.0 15.7 15.4 15.2 14.9 15.0 14.9 14.9
11.1 10.9 10.7 10.5 IO.! 9.5 8.9
15.3
14.9
8.6 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.5 8.4 8.3
15.4 15.3 15.1 14.8 14.2 15.57
8.3 8.2 8.0 7.3
8.4 7.8 7.1 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.4
7.2 72 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.4
8.04
S.0!4.7 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 7.6
11.6 10.9 9.7 9.4 9.4 9.3 8.9 8.6
3.2
3.!
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.0
4.31
8.5 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.1 6.6 6.3
6.2 6.! 6.0 5.9 5.8 5 8 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.9
16.4 116.5 16.3 16.6 16.7 16.8 16.9 16.9 16.7
7.49
16.6 16.5 16.2 15.7 15.4 tc.i 14.7
14.3 14.0 f3 6 12.9 12.3 11.9 1 1.7 11.5 11.3 11.0 10.6
117.8 17.5 17.2 17.0 17.1 !7.1 17.0 16.7 16.2 15.9 15.7 14.6
9.7
10.2
9.3 8.9 14.13
14.5 14.3 14.2 14.1 14.0 13.9 13.5 13.2
14.5 14.0 13.6 13.0 12.5 12.2 11.9
125
12.9
12.2
11.8
11.4
11.0
10
8
10.3
10.0 9.6 9.5 14.13
11.7 11.5 11.2 10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2 10.0 9.8 9.6
15.1 15.6 15.3 14.9 14.4 I3. 13.1 12.8
9.3 8.8 8.4 8.0 7.6 7.3 7.1 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.0
9.88
11.6 11.4 11.3 11.2 11.3 11.5
11.7
:20.7 20.0 19.4 18.6 18.0 17.8 16.6 15.8 12.4112.0
12.1 12.0 11.9 11.7 11.5
10.5
10.9
9.8
9.3
8.8 8.3 8.0 11.96
15.! 114.3 13.4 12.5 11.7 11.1 10.4 9.8
9.2 8.6 8.1 7.7 7.4 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.9 5.8
27.8 27.4 27.1 27.2 27.4 27.5 27.3 27.2
26.7 26.9 27.1 27.0 26.7 26.5
5.8 5.6 11.49
26.1 25.7 25.0 24.5 24.0 23.3 22.5 21 7 21.7 20.4 19.8 19.2 18.5 17.8 17.2 16.4 15.8 24.06
8.7
7.7
11.4
11.2
19.0
16.0
7.3
9.2
3.1
6.6
7.3
11.2
10.7
18.2
15.5
7.1
8.9
2.9
6.3
7.0
6.8
10.8
9.5
16.2
14.5
6.5
8.2
2.5
5.6
5.5
7.4
10.0
15.0
6.9
21.5
6.5
10.6
8.7
15.4
14.0
6.2
7.9
2.3
5.2
5.4
6.8
10.2
14.7
6.2
10.2
I
5.9
9.9
7.7
II.!
I
!o
ii.!
I
79
TABLE
II
D1schare Measurement of Yantze
By Yaiagtze
Date
1922
9/7
9/9
9/27
:lo/3
io/io
10/17
10/74
11/4
11/9
11/i7
11/24
12/3
12/9
12/24
s
h
Meter
55OO
i4.O
41500
33700
3i800
26000
21700
19300
18800
16300
14100
10200
9100
7300
at
1-lankow
River Commission
1v13/sec
B5900
IÇianc
14.12
12.90
11.40
10.36
9.42
0.41
7.42
6.65
5.61
4.'37
3.52
2.84
1.93
log (bth)
Log
1.3408
4.7443
4.7474
4.617 i
4.5276
4.5024
4.4150
4.3365
4.2856
4.2742
4.2122
4.1492
4.0086
3.9590
3.8633
b=7.72
1.389
1.;u143
1.2815
1.2572
1.2340
1.2076
1.1801
1.1577
1.1248
1.0924
1.0508
1.0237
0.9845
Q
.
1923
i/u
1/26
2/28
/22
3/25
4/5
4/16
4/19
4/2.3
4/26
s/li
5/18
5/24
5/26
5/30
6/4
o/oSo
6/27
7/2
6235
5208
6231
10016
11130
7472
9942
13932
17302
21567
20516
16786
24976
28591
34005
38904
30319
31454
38795
1.28
0.46
0.73
2.10
3.05
1.37
2.56
3.87
5.27
6.43
6.68
5.79
6.89
7.92
9.48
10.52
9.81
9.85
10.42
0.7542
0.9128
0.9269
0.9921
1.0322
0.9586
1.0125
1.0641
1.1136
1.1508
1.1584
1.1307
1.1647
1.1942
1.2355
1.2610
1.2439
1.244
1.258
3.7984
.7167
3.7946
4.0011
4.0465
3.8734
3.9975
4.1440
4.2381
4.3338
4312i
4.2250
4,3975
4.4162
4.S315
4. 5900
4.4817
4.4977
4.5888
TABLE II
Continuer
Date
log (bth)
40426
45998
55909
53224
45036
39638
37334
34730
P375
36090
37938
30608
26479
23026
20258
22471
18599
14650
12790
11270
8250
11.03
11.77
13.17
13.62
12.89
12.44
11.92
11.61
11.64
11.25
11.06
10.27
9.30
8.32
7.47
1.2730
1.7898
1.3199
1.3292
1.3141
1.3045
1.2931
1.2862
1.2869
1.2783
1.2739
1.2550
1.2310
1.2052
1.1816
1.1833
1.1602
1.1166
1.0831
1.0550
1.0043
4.6067
4.6628
4.7475
7680
1.74
1.71
1.25
2.68
3.75
3.02
2.16
1.86
2.87
3.93
0.20
5.46
4.11
5.58
6.49
8.23
0.9759
0.9745
0.9528
1.0170
1.0596
1.0310
3.8854
3,P893
3.8389
4.0216
4.1261
3.9850
3.9085
3.9058
4.0111
4.0719
4.0519
4.2074
4.0607
4.2394
4.3261
4.4603
M3/sec
1923
7/9
7/14
7/83
8/4
8/13
8/20
8/31
9/5
9/12
9/26
io/i
10/8
10/16
10/22
10/29
11/3
11/12
11/18
12/3
12/io
12/30
.
log Q
h
Ieter
Q
1.53
6.74
5.36
4.39
3.63
2.38
b7.72
4.7°..61
4.6536
4.5981
4.5721
4.5407
4.5841
4.5574
4. 5791
4.4858
4.4229
4.3622
4.3066
4.3516
4.2695
4.1658
4.1069
4.0519
3.9165
1924
/s
1/12
1/28
2/i2
9/14
2/25
3/1
3/8
3/12.
3/17
4/2
4/13
4/18
4/24
4/29
5/6
750
6900
10510
13370
9660
8100
8050
10260
11800
11270
16120
115 0
17350
21190
28860
.
0.948
0.9814
1.09 49
1.0663
1.0382
1.1179
1.0730
1.1239
1.1526
1.2028
.
TABLE II
C
Date
1925
/8
5/15
6/2
6/7
6/]4
6/20
6/27
Q
M3/sec
364O.
:36060
8/8
8/16
29440
24010
23640
29460
39780
46250
55920
60270
60750
57000
53270
8/21
9/26
48t0
3440
10/12
io/ei
10/30
11/6
11/i2
11/17
11/24
12/8
12/15
12/20
31160
09370
25250
20340
16430
14340
11850
10010
8710
7720
6640
6750
7/4
7/10
7/18
7/29
1/26
12/30
ont inued
h
10
(bth)
vieter
b7.72
9.30
10.27
10.06
9.02
1.2310
1.2550
1.2499
1.2251
1.2060
1.2280
835
9.20
10.82
12.68
13.84
14.36
14.57
14.51
14.11
13.87
11.19
10.24
Q45
8.75
7.41
6.16
5.15
3.9
9.83
2.19
1.86
1.52
1.25
1.2681
1.3096
1.3337
1.3440
1.3481
1.3469
1.6391
1.3343
1.
,
.744
1.2543
1.2348
1.2167
1.1798
1.1424
1.1096
1.0686
].°.3
0,9917
0.9814
0.9657
0.9528
10
Q
4.5269
4.5570
4.4689
4.3804
4.3737
4.4692
4.6008
4.6651
4.7468
4.7801
4.7836
4.7559
4.7260
4,6841
4.5421
4.4936
4.4679
4.4023
4.3084
4.2156
4.1566
4.0737
4.0004
3.9400
3.8876
3.8222
3.8293
1925
1/5
1/9
1/29
2/6
/ig
2/25
3/6
3/16
3/24
4/6
6850
6570
7310
8410
8600
10580
10600
12900
14900
1t450
1.12
1.07
1.55
203
2.06
3.07
2.85
3.81
4.60
5.26
0.9465
0.9440
0.9611
0.9890
0.9903
1.0330
1.0241
1.0619
1.0906
1.1133
3.8357
3.8176
3.8639
3.9248
3.9345
4.0245
4.0253
4.1106
4.1732
4.1889
82
TABLE II
C
Date
1925
Q
h
log (bth)
M3/sec
Meter
b:7.72
14710
12550
13640
17820
23290
34300
40520
5.7'7
4/14
4/22
4/30
5/4
5/9
5/12
5/18
ZA
z
4.27
4.01
5.64
6.91
8.94
10.29
z2t3.66io
log
log
zJ
ont i nue d
t
.4/6445
log(b+hj
12.3632
log(b+h;
13o.728
.
1.1300
1.0788
1.0693
1.1291
1.1652
1.2218
1.2555
log Q
4.1676
4.0986
4.1348
4.2509
4.3672
4.5353
4.6077
83
TABLE III
Discharge of The Yangtse
At Chihkian
Discharge
Date
1925
ou.
n.
ir
sec.
Elevation Water Level
(7. H.
Z.
datum)
meters
June 3
B
15
22
July
1
4
12
14
27
Aug. 2
8
5410
12
30,370
37,720
37,890
49,370
21
31
Sept.il
18
21
28
Oct. 7
10
14
23
Nov.
Dec.
10,170
16,730
21,180
18,840
25,560
33,170
27,240
19,220
23,800
27,000
.33,580
29,380
29,370
30,990
25,030
17,480
2,830
12
20,880
16,650
16
14,30
24
12,670
9,040
8,050
5,940
1
1
8
17
40.66
42.13
43.41
42.80
44.26
45.66
44.72
43.35
44.38
44.72
44.35
45.75
46.36
46.30
47.03
45.60
44.84
45.02
45.17
46.99
42.89
44.32
43.19
42.46
42.00
41.27
40.24
39.66
38.96
Ichang
G-age ht.
Meters
3.6
6.1
7.0
6.4
7.6
9.4
8.5
6.7
7.8
8.2
7.9
9.1
10.3
10.2
9.4
8.7
8.8
9.1
6.7
8.2
6.7
5.9
5.5
4.6
3.4
2.8
1.8
84
TABLE III
C
Date
1926
eu.
Discharge
m. pEr sec.
ont irme d
Elevation Water Level
(W.
H.
Z.
datum)
meters
Jan.
7
15
9
Feb.
4
9
22
Mar. 5
16
21
Apr.
1
13
1g
21
26
May
3
8
10
15
21
4,880
5,410
4,870
4,190
5,280
4,470
6,620
5,640
4,990
7,100
5,540
9,140
14,780
8,790
9,790
14,120
16,970
12,010
18,720
38.47
38.59
38.29
38.04
38.44
38.20
38.83
38.74
38.417
39.40
38.62
40.24
41.49
40.11
40.42
41.46
4.28
41.00
42.64
Ichang
Gage Ht.
Meters
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.4
1.1
0.6
1.3
1.4
1.0
2.3
1.3
3.8
4.8
3.3
3.8
5.3
5.9
4.6
6.5
85
TABLE IV
Mean Depth of Yan.tze River At Hankow
(Measured by
Yantze
Date
Mean Depth. Meters
i/ 8
12
28
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.9
7.7
8.0
2/12
14
25
3/ i
8
12
17
4/ 2
13
18
24
29
5/
6
8
15
6/
2
7
14
0
17
7/ 4
10
18
29
8/
7.9
7.7
8.0
7.9
7.7
7.9
8.5
8.5
8.1
7.9
7.6
7.8
8.2
9.0
8.6
8.9
8.8
9.0
8
8.1
7.7
7.5
9/26
10/12
5.9
21
6.6
7.1
30
.2
5
6.9
7.0
12
17
14
7.1
7.1
C.
1924)
Hankow Gage Ht Meters
1.74
1.71
1.25
2.68
3.75
3.02
2.16
1.86
2.87
3.93
3.20
5.46
4.11
5.58
E3.0
16
R.
8.23
9.30
10.27
10.06
9.02
8.35
.
9.20
10.82
12.68
13.84
14.36
4.57
14.51
14.11
13.87
11.19
10.24
9.45
8.75
7.41
3.16
5.15
.99
TABLE IV
Continued
Date
12/ 8
15
20
26
30
Mean Depth
7.2
7.2
6.9
7.0
7.0
Meters
Rankow Gage Ht Meters
2.83
2.19
1.P6
1.52
1.25
8?
TABLE V
DATA FOR FLOW DURATION CURVE AT HANKOW
1891-1935
GAUGE HT.
Ft.
Above
Hankow
u s t orn
Zero
Total
No. of
Day
No.
Day
occu red Occurred
of
Time
Cal. Discharge
in
1000
second feet
C
5-50
50-45
45-40
40-35
5-50
30-25
25-20
20-15
15-10
10-8
8-6
6-4
4-2
2-0
0-3
52
97
1,563
2,455
2,085
2
549
1,38
2,117
4,567
6,652
8,180
9,572
10,930
38
917
819
605
683
74
13,293
14,210
15,029
15,634
16,317
16,391
.
8
1,;92
1,625
l2,55
2,235
1,950
1,615
1,395
1,123
.32
:3.35
12.95
27.86
40.58
49.91
58.40
63.39
76.60
81.10
86.69
91.69
95.38
99.55
.
929
731
561
421
:337
296
251
218
181
TABLE VI
Flow Duration Curve of Yangtze River at Hankow
1897-Wet Year
Gaoe Ht.
in ft.
4-45
45-40
40-35
.5-30
30-25
25-20
20-15
15-10
10-5
Day
occurred
Total Days
occurred
25
90
23
113
170
195
239
952
275
302
65
No.
57
25
44
13
23
27
63
Cal.
Q
1000 c.f.s.
of
T i me
731
6.3
31.0
41.7
53.6
65.8
69.3
561
421
302
75.4
83.0
100.0
1,123
929
731
561
421
302
206
160
6.3
13.7
1, B7 3
1,615
1,395
1,
13
29
1900-ljrv Year
35-.0
30-25
25-20
22
27
23
76
27-15
47
15-10
68
49
126
173
241.
290
357
354
10-5
5-0
-0.45
67
7
50
34.6
47.5
66.3
79.8
98.3
100
89
TAi3LE
Averare
Monthl-'r
VII
Discharge at ilankow
Basod upon Data of Hankow Customs House
Month
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
Ma
June
July
Sect.
Aug.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Gauge Ht.
in ft.
Cal.
Q
in
5.57
c.f.s.
262
260
367
5.37;
10.33
16.36
26.15
31.57
38.76
37.45
33.94
24.99
12.19
1000
524
863
1,100
1,442
1,378
1,200
Average month1 heiJat
23.7 ft.
Average month1r discharge = 768,000
843
415
scc-ft.
TABLE
VIII
Data Por Flow Duration Curve of Yangtze
River At Ichang
(Based upon Data of Ichang Maritime Customs)
Gaupe Ht.
Ichang Customs
Ft.
Meter
-2
-1
-.61
-.30
2
4
6
8
.0
.61
1.22
1.83
2.44
10
3.04
o
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45
50
51
51.3
3.66
4.27
4P7
5.48
6.08
6.70
7.31
'7.93
8.52
9.12
10.10
12.16
13.70
15.20
15.50
15.61
No. Days
Z.
Below
Level
1
43
175
1290
1638
2482
2948
3199
3409
3813
4161
4300
4780
5141
5443
5869
6277
6777
7474
7757
7880
7916
1
1
Time
Below
Level
0
0.5
2.2
16.3
20.7
31.3
:37.2
40.3
4.3.1
48.1
5.5
54.3
60.2
64.8
68.7
74.1
79.2
85.5
94.3
97.8
99.5
99.8
100
100
Time
Above
%
Level
100
99.5
97.8
83.7
79.3
68.7
62.8
59.7
56.9
51.9
47.5
45.7
39.8
35.2
31.3
25.9
20.8
14.5
5.7
2.2
0.5
0.2
0
0
Cal,
1000
Q
M
3/sec.
1.33
1.79
2,30
3.42
4.67
6.08
7.56
9.15
10.90
12.65
14.55
16.52
18.57
20.79
23.00
25.23
27.56
30.00
u4.20
41.80
50.40
58,00
59.30
59.60
TABLE IX
Extreme Flows of
Minimum
Gare Ht.
Date Meters
Above
yantze River at Ichang
Maximum
Q
Q
Million Gage Discharge lO HP
DiSCharR e hp. for
for
Ht.
M3/sec H:400ft. Meter M3/sec. H4OOft.
'CZ
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
.31
.304
.76
.15
.304
2,843
2,835
3,715
2,550
2,835
.06
.304
.61
2,400
2,835
-.52
0
.30
-.32
.304
.304
.18
.304
0
.46
0
-.21
-.30
0
,44O
3,43O
2,295
2,830
1,765
2,835
2,835
2,610
2,835
2,295
3,130
2,295
1,940
1,800
2,295
4.57
4.56
5.97
4.10
4.56
1.81
3.87
4.56
5.51
3.69
4.55
2.84
4.56
4.56
4.20
4.56
3.69
5.03
3.69
3.12
2.89
3.69
11.42
15.52
12.16
12.93
14.31
14.42
12.16
12.93
11.95
13.35
11.72
11.25
11.51
14.75
13.12
14.00
14.82
15.60
14.41
13.61
11.65
11.35
9,6OO
59,400
41,750
48,150
53,400
53,750
41,750
48,150
42,100
48,600
40,900
39,030
40,350
55,400
47,800
51,900
55,500
59,600
53,600
50,100
40,750
39,360
6.38
9.55
6.71
7.75
8.58
8.64
6.71
7.75
6.77
7.81
6.58
6.28
6.49
8.90
7.69
8.34
8.92
9.58
8.62
8.05
6.55
6.32
92
TABLE X
(a)
Fluctuations of Yantze River Discharge at Ichang
From 1904-1925
Maximum Flow
Ichang . R.
Meters
Date
Jan.
5
10
12
29
2.14
2.32
1.22
1.22
1
20
23
Feb.
3
7
13
18
21
24
Mar.
30
5
9
12
06
1.22
i 00
1.34
1.34
s
1. 52
1.34
1.52
2.22
12
17
24
6 40
27
5.60
7.5
25
27
P
9
May
i
2.01
2.01
1.90
2.13
2.01
3.72
3,52
4.00
4.20
15
20
kor.
244
6
9
t-'
J.
25
7.6
8.7
7.4
30
8.2
15
Cal.
1000
Q
M/sec
7.56
6.81
7.30
4.68
4.68
4.64
4.33
4.68
4.21
4.95
4.95
5.36
4.95
5.55
7.04
6 50
.
6
.
50
6.25
6.80
6
50
11.10
10.50
11.90
12.50
19 80
17.00
23.66
19.05
2 4 10
28.35
23.40
26.8
Potential
H.P107
1.21
1
09
1.17
0.75
0.75
0.74
o
70
0.75
0.68
0.79
0.79
0.86
0.79
0.86
1.13
1.05
1.05
1.00
1.09
1.05
1,78
1.
69
1.91
2.00
3.17
2.73
3 80
3.06
3.86
4.54
3.76
4.30
9
TABLE X
)
Ichan G. R
Meters
Date
Jun.
6
12
16
22
25
27
July 3
6
lo
15
17
21
24
30
Aug. 3
7
12
15
21
26
Sett
6
12
18
21
24
27
30
Oct.
6
9
13
18
01
27
30
Nov.
6
9
11
14
18
7.0
10.7
9.6
11.2
11.05
12.2
14.2
1.6
13.6
15.0
14.5
ló.6
14.6
12.2
14.0
13.5
15.4
14.6
12.2
14.2
10.65
13.2
11.5
12.2
12.05
12.5
11.9
11.6
10.7
10.4
9.8
10.3
8.7
9.2
.8
7.9
7.9
9.2
6.1
(a)
ontinued
Cal. Q
J_000
M3/sec
21.90
36.60
32.20
38.95
3.3O
4.4O
53.00
45.10
50.00
56.75
54.25
50.00
54.75
43.40
51.90
49.40
59.00
54.75
43.40
53.00
6.45
48.10
39.70
43.40
42.60
44.80
42.00
40.50
:36.60
35.30
32.80
5.CO
28.35
30.40
24.90
25.20
25,20
30.40
18.65
Potential
H.P.107
3.51
5.86
5.16
6.25
6.13
6.94
8.48
7.25
8.01
9.08
F3,70
8.01
8.76
6.94
8.30
7.92
9.45
F3,76
6.94
8.48
5.83
7.71
6.36
6.94
6.83
7.18
6.74
6.50
5.86
5.66
5.26
5.61
4.54
4.87
:3,99
4.05
4.05
4.87
2.99
94
TABLE X
C
Ichang G.
Meters
Date
Nov.21
Dec.
24
6
lo
24
30
6.65
5.5
3.4
3.1
2.3
2.2
B.
(a)
ont inued
Cal.
Q.
1000 M3/sec
20.60
16.65
10.20
9.35
7.23
6.98
Potential
3.31
2.67
1.63
1.50
1.16
1.12
95
TABLE X
(b)
Fluctuations of Yangtze River Discharge at Ichang
From 1904-1925
Mean Flow
Date
Jan.
Ichang G.
Meters
Fi.
Cal. Q,
1000 M 3/s
Arr. i
1.01
0.85
0.46
0.36
0.40
0.66
0.55
0.55
0.60
0.92
0.97
1.01
4.24
3.90
3.13
2.94
3.02
2.95
3.30
3.30
3.40
4.05
4.15
4.26
9
1.83
o.08
7.23
9.21
11.02
10.71
12.50
12.65
16.30
17.35
15.73
18.70
22.20
24.10
28.40
29.50
28.70
35.45
33.50
34.50
31.50
5
9
:50
Feb.10
15
20
25
30
Mar.
5
21
28
May
15
o,.ó
20
27
30
3.05
8
3.7
3.6
4.2
11
4.25
24
06
5.4
5.7
June 4
F3.?
9
15
20
27
July 6
9
16
23
27
30
6.1
7.1
7.6
8.7
9.0
8.8
10.4
10.2
10.2
9.45
Potential
hp xlO°
6.8
6.3
5.0
4.7
4.8
4.7
5.3
5.3
5.5
6.5
6.7
6.8
9.8
11.6
14.7
18.0
17.2
20.0
20.2
26.1
27.8
25.1
0.0
35.6
58.6
45.5
47.3
46.0
56.8
55.2
55.2
50.5
TABLE X
C
Date
Aug.
Ichan, G. H.
Meters
'7
9
12
20
25
27
Sep.
1
7
lo
12
16
20
24
27
Oct. 3
12
18
26
30
Nov.12
16
30
Dec.15
21
30
9.75
9.7
9.9
9.45
9.45
9.2
9.4
8.7
8.75
8.7
8.9
8.5
8.7
8.5
8.5
8.1
7.3
6.6
5.9
4.4
4.25
2.6
1.82
1.52
1.22
(b)
ontinued
Cal. Q
1000 M /s
32.50
32.40
3.20
31.50
31.50
60.60
32.00
28.40
28.50
28.40
29.20
27.60
28.40
27.60
27.60
25.95
23.10
20.40
18.05
13.10
12.70
8.00
6.08
5.36
4.68
Potential
hp x106
52.1
52.0
53.2
50.5
50.5
49.0
51.3
45.5
45.6
45.5
46.8
44,3
45.5
44.3
44.3
41.6
36.9
32.7
28.9
21.0
20.3
12.8
9.8
6.8
7,5
TABLE X
(c)
Fluctuations of Yantze River Discharge at Ichang
From 1904-1925
M
I.
Date
Ht.
G.
M.
Jan.
.;50
15
1
25
30
Feb.10
Mar.
15
20
ô0
9
13
Apr.
20
30
5
12
16
iay
22
26
30
5
10
15
18
June
23
30
5
10
15
21
Ju1
28
3
6
10
.21
.02
.02
-.02
-.21
-.09
-.30
-.D0
-.58
-.30
-.36
-.30
-.30
.30
.21
1.59
i nimwî
0.82
1.68
1.68
2.28
1.64
2.70
3.70
p.27
°.60
3.60
4.70
3.65
6.20
3.50
5.50
6.10
cat.
Q
2.83
.67
2.33
2.53
2.26
1.94
2.14
1.80
1.80
1.37
1.80
1.70
1.80
1.80
.83
2.67
5.51
3.84
5.76
5.76
7.16
5.63
8.27
11.01
'7.16
8.00
10.71
14.00
10.90
19.05
10.43
16.65
18.65
H.P
06
4.5
4.3
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.1
2.9
2.9
2.2
2.9
2.7
2.9
2.9
4.5
4.3
8.8
6.2
9.2
9.2
11. 5
9.0
13.2
17.7
11. 5
12.8
17.2
22.4
17.5
30.6
1(3.7
26.7
29.9
TABLE X
C
Date
I.
July12
Ft.
23
7.60
4.60
7.50
60
4.9
18
Aug.
G.
M.
5
6
12
18
21
27
30
Sept.5
64
5.6
5.6
6.1
7.6
57
7.0
Dec.10
5.3
6.6
6.9
4.6
5.7
5.9
5.9
6.1
4.5
4.5
3.4
1.98
1.98
1.21
30
0.42
9
13
22
30
Oct.
3
10
13
24
26
Nov.10
24
26
(e)
ontinued
Cal.
Q
H.P.
x106
24.10
13.77
23.80
14.35
16.30
17.00
38.6
22.0
38.1
23.0
26.1
27.3
27.3
29.9
38.6
27.8
17.00
18.65
24.10
17.35
21.90
15.95
20.40
21.50
13.r77
17.35
18.05
18.05
18.65
13.40
13.40
10.20
6.44
6.44
4.6-
3.06
3.1
25.5
32,7
ù4.4
22.0
27.8
28.9
28.9
29.9
21.5
21.5
16.3
10.3
10.3
7.5
4.9