GLOBAL BENEFITS:
INTERNET OF THINGS
Collins C. Kachaka
collinschi@gmail.com
Presentation Outline
Definition : Internet of Things
IoT Types of Connectivity
Global Applications of IoT
Challenges
The Internet of Things
Definition
Have you ever heard of a talking fridge? OR A bed that
wakes you up to go and bath? A Vehicle that tells you the best
route to use to avoid traffic, low pressure in tyres, overspeeding etc
Do you know that you can control Electricity and Water usage
from your House remotely ?
Do you know you can monitor the Heart Condition, BP and
Sugar levels of your old Mum in the Village remotely?
One of the promises of the Internet of Things (IoT) is that
everything should talk to everything else. These talkative “things”
include sensors, consumer appliances, home automation systems,
and even connected vehicles.
Dan 12 : 4
But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to
the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and KNOWLEDGE
SHALL BE INCREASED.
Internet of
Things
Definitions
According to Gartner, the Internet of things is the
"network of physical objects that contain embedded
technology to communicate and sense or interact with their
internal states or the external environment.“
Internet of Things as a dynamic global
network infrastructure with self-configuring capabilities
based on standard and inter-operable communication
protocols where physical and virtual “things” have
identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and
use intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated
into the information network.
The IERC, defines
Internet of Things
A global infrastructure for the information
society enabling advanced services by
interconnecting things based on existing and
evolving,
interoperable
information
and
communication technologies.
Source: ITU Study Group 13
“Things”
Physical & Virtual Worlds Connection
A THING, is an object of the physical world
(physical things) or of the information world (virtual things), which
is capable of being identified and integrated into
communication networks.
A THING, in the Internet of Things, can be a person with a heart monitor
implant, a farm animal with a BIOCHIP TRANSPONDER, an automobile
that has built-in SENSORS to alert the driver when tire pressure is low -- or
any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP
ADDRESS and provided with the ability to transfer data over a network.
DEVICE : a piece of equipment with the mandatory capabilities of
communication and the optional capabilities of sensing, actuation,
data capture, data storage and data processing. Usually the Device
provides the intelligence needed to work meaningfully with the data
provided by the attached Sensor. Device transforms the data from
simple bits and bytes to useful information (the combination of data
plus context equals Information). E.g. Sensors & Actuators
SENSOR: An electronic device that senses a physical condition or chemical
compound and delivers an electronic signal proportional to the observed
characteristic.
Sensors detect or measure a physical property and convert it
into some kind of electronic representation. Sensors may be
Passive or Active. Sensors are inexpensive, can be integrated into
different objects, are power efficient, and has wireless connectivity.
Sensors of all kinds are needed: physical, chemical and biochemical.
Actuator: A device that triggers a physical action
following stimulation by an input signal
Source: ITU Study Group 13
TOPOLOGY - Internet of Things
Technologies Used
RFID
To identify
and
track the
data of
things
Sensor
Smart Tech
To collect
and
process
the data to
detect the
changes
in the
physical
status of
things
Nano Tech
To enhance
the power of
the network
by devolving
processing
capabilities
to different
part of the
network.
To make the
smaller
and
smaller
things
have the
ability to
connect
and
interact.
Internet of Things
TYPES OF CONNECTIONS
ALREADY
ACHIEVED
FOCUS IS
HERE
TYPES OF
CONNECTIONS
P2M
M2M
P2P
WHAT ARE THE GLOBAL BENEFITS
OF
THE INTERNET OF THINGS ?
GOVERNMENTS
SOCIETIES
INDIVIDUALS
AFFECTS ALL SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY
Agriculture
Education
Mining
Health
Tourism
Local Government
Manufacturing
Transportation etc
Reliable Data for Planning Interventions
AFFECTS ALL SERVICES TO THE SOCIETY
Garbage Collection
Crowd Management
Disease Epidemics
Purchase of Goods/Services
Water Management
Electricity Management etc
AFFECTS EVERY ASPECT OF LIFE
Time Management
Quick Transactions
Personal Security
Quick Movements to meet daily Business goals etc
AGRICULTURE
The Internet of Things
IoT in Agriculture
Systems are now able to
monitor environmental
parameters such as
ambient temperature and
humidity.

Systems have also been
developed with sensor
systems that access other
parameters related to
agriculture such as
precipitation, wind or leaf
wetness.

Some of these nodes get data from the environmental
sensors to be able to create the statistical prediction
models
Other nodes control the irrigation system and air
conditioning system in the wine cellar.
This automation can save
upto 80% of the water used
for irrigation

The Internet of Things
IoT in Agriculture
1) Productivity - Today, it’s more critical than ever to maximize yields from
every acre of land dedicated to food production. Wireless, cloud-connected
systems aid in this crop yield maximization, automating everyday
agriculture operations and providing real-time monitoring and data analysis
for smart decision making, day-to-day and season-to-season.
2) Pest Control - Wireless sensor networks like that of Semios monitor
pest counts, and when it detects that the pest population is too high, its
metered pheromone delivery system automatically activates and disrupts
the mating patterns of pests. This minimizes, and in some cases
completely replaces, pesticide use.
3) Conservation - With embedded wireless devices and soil monitoring
systems like that of Smart Watering Systems and Observant, farmers can
measure moisture, detect leaks and more efficiently manage energy
usage, all in real-time.
BETTER AND
EFFICIENT
MANAGEMENT
OF COWS:
Easy location of
Stolen cows,
Easy Disease
Management etc
HEALTH
IoT and Medical Applications
REMOTE PATIENT MANAGEMENT :
Manage Patient remotely
by MONITORING his condition. This helps the Doctor to make quick
decisions to save life. The Doctor can monitor Heart Condition,
Respiration rate, BP, Blood sugar, Pulse etc.
Monitor an aging family member
Using a wearable alarm button and other discrete wireless sensors placed
around the home [ chairs, mattress, door-posts, TV etc ] the BeClose
system can track your loved one's daily activities. Useful for Elderly people
thus giving you peace of mind for their safety. Their normal routine will be
known. If they are sleeping TOO LONG, then you know there is a problem
Stay out of the doctor's office
Intended for individuals with cardiac arrhythmias the BodyGuardian is an
FDA cleared wearable sensor system that can remotely read a patient’s
biometrics (ECG, heart rate, respiration rate and activity Level), sending
the data to the patients physician and allowing users to go about their
daily lives outside of a clinical setting.
TOURISM:
Easy location of
desired animals
for Tourists to see during
certain seasons. Tourists
don’t visit our Countries during
certain seasons
because animals are very far
Due to migration.
Endangered Species
Monitoring: You can determine
actual location of animal species.
ARREST POACHING
Monitoring Deforestation and
Tree Conservation:
When logs are cut and as soon
as the logged trees are in transit
and able to connect to a mobile
network, an alert notification with
location coordinates is sent to the
Authorities and ACTION IS
TAKEN.
Immediately you start cutting
the TREE, it sends a message
and FOREST RANGERS will
Rush there
CRIMINAL MANAGEMENT: Monitoring activities of Dangerous Criminals
ESPECIALLY after they are released from Police custody. This is important esp
In the wake of RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM
SMART CITIES
BUSY CITY PARKING SPACE:
You can easily find Parking slot
without Headache
Electricity Conservation:
Provides only enough STREET
lighting depending on time of the
day, Weather Conditions and
Season
Easy GARBAGE Collection:
The BIN alerts the City Council
when it is ready to be emptied
SECURE GATES, DOORS WALL
FENCES: These alerts the Police
when an intruder comes. They
provide location of house
Contact-less Payment System
for BUSY Supermarkets:
Provides swift transactions and
avoids QUEUES.
The Internet of Things
Scenario: shopping
(2) When shopping in the market,
the goods will introduce
themselves.
(1) When entering the doors, scanners
will identify the tags on her clothing.
(4) When paying for the goods, the
microchip of the credit card will
communicate with checkout reader.
(3) When moving the goods, the reader
will tell the staff to put a new one.
The Internet of Things
Enable Innovation & Business Process Re-Engineering
Businesses that learn and adapt will continue to thrive. When you can see trends as they
emerge, your business will be better able to respond to opportunities and threats. By
monitoring and analyzing data from multiple sources in real time, you can enable your
business to innovate and make the most out of the situation.
Transform your business
Data is only ones and zeros until you turn it into insights and business impact. When you
leverage the data from your asset monitoring and use advanced data analytics to enhance
decision-making and innovation, you can see the potential to transform your business by
creating new business models and revenue streams through data insights.
The Internet of Things
IoT in Business
Asset Tracking
Using GPS Tracker, Manage, Location tracking,
geofencing, motion detection, Supplier/workforce
management
Smart Vending
Telemetry device ManageSales recording, stock
management, maintenance, ERP, Workforce
Management, PayPal
Remote Maintenance
Connect to Industrial modem Manage, Maintenance
cycles, usage data, faults CRM system, service level
monitoring
Internet of Things
SMART HOUSE/HOME
LUNA’S POLYESTER MATTRESS
Embedded in its layers are a multitude of
sensors to detect motion, heart rate and
breathing rate throughout the night, as well
as ambient light levels, noise levels, and
temperature in the room.
These parameters can be accessed through
your Computer even remotely.
HOW DOES THIS AFFECT MARRIAGES?
SMART
FRIDGE
 Alerts you when food stocks run low
 You can monitor food waste
 Tell you if you’re eating health foods
 Monitors food expenses
IoT in Homes
Manage Home Lighting
Provide enough light based on Weather conditions. Helps you to save
energy and save reduce your Bills
Make sure the OVEN is off Remotely
Smart outlets like the WeMo allow you to instantly turn on and off any
plugged in device from across the world or just your living room. Save money
and conserve energy over time by eliminating standby power, measure and
record the power usage of any device, and increase its operating lifespan
through more efficient use and scheduling.
Track down those lost keys
You can easily track down those lost keys or cell phone in your house
using Bluetooth and other wireless technology devices like the Cobra
Tag..
The Internet of Things
IoT in Homes
.
.
Light your home in new ways
Web enabled lights like the Phillip's Hue can be used as an ambient
data displays (Glow red when my bus is 5 minutes away). These multifunctional lights can also help you to reduce electricity use
(automatically turn off the lights when no one is in a room) or help
to secure your home while you are away by turning your lights on and
off
Keep your plants alive
Whether taking care of a small hydroponic system or a large backyard
lawn, systems like HarvestGeek with their suite of sensors and web
connectivity help save you time and resources by keeping plants fed
based on their actual growing needs and conditions while automating
much of the labour processes.
CHALLENGES
Religious beliefs
Culture & Traditions
Ethics and Privacy
Technological Challenges
Regulatory Challenges
Legislation Challenges
THE END