Old English Paradigms Cheat Sheet
Adjective Declesions
Example: gōd, good
Plural
Singular
Plural
Singular
Weak Declension
nom.
accus.
gen.
dat.
instr.
nom.
accus.
gen.
dat.
Strong Declension
m
f
n
m
f
gōda gōde gōde
gōd
gōd
gōdan gōdan gōde gōdne gōde
gōdan gōdan gōdan gōdes gōdre
gōdan gōdan gōdan gōdum gōdre
—
—
—
gōde
—
gōdan
gōde
gōdan
gōde
gōdra
gōdra
gōdum
gōdum
n
gōd
gōd
gōdes
gōdum
gōde
gōd
gōd
gōdra
gōdum
Adjectives and Pronouns
Interrogative
Personal Pronouns
and Indefinite
Pronouns
hwā? hwæt? iċ, I
þū,
hē hēo hit, he she it
who? what?
you
mf
n
m
f
n
hwā hwæt
iċ
þū
hē
hēo
hit
hwone hwæt
mē
þē
hine
hīe
hit
hwæs hwæs mīn
þīn
his
hire
his
hwǣm hwǣm mē
þē
him
hire
him
hwȳ
hwȳ
—
—
—
—
—
wē
ġē
hīe
ūs
ēow
hīe
No plural
ūre ēower
hira
ūs
ēow
him
1.
se, 'this, that'
m
se
þone
þæs
þǣm
þȳ
f
sēo
þā
þǣre
þǣre
—
þā
þā
þāra
þǣm
Tense
Mood
Present
Indic.
Subjun.
Imperative
Number
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Person
1
2
3
1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
Infinitive
Infl. Infin.
Participle
Past
Indic.
Subjun.
Participle
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
1
2
3
1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3
eom
bēo
eart
bist
is
biþ
sind / sindon
bēoþ
sīe
bēo
sīen
bēon
wes
bēo
wesaþ
bēoþ
bēon
tō bēonne
wesende
bēonde
wæs
wǣre
wæs
wǣron
wǣre
wǣren
—
© Daniel Paul O'Donnell, 2008. Licenced under Creative Commons: non-commercial, attribution, share-alike.
Stong
singan, to
sing;
singe
sing(e)st
sing(e)þ
singaþ
singe
singen
sing
singaþ
singan
tō singenne
singende
sang
sunge
sang
sungon
sunge
sungen
ġesungen
Weak I
fremman, 'to hīeran, 'to
do'
honour'
fremme
hīere
fremest
hīerst
fremeþ
hīerþ
fremmaþ
hīeraþ
fremme
hīere
fremmen
hīeren
freme
hīer
fremmaþ
hīeraþ
fremman
hīeran
tō fremmenne tō hīerenne
fremmende
hīerende
fremede
hīerde
fremedest
hīerdest
fremede
hīerde
fremedon
hīerdon
fremede
hīerde
fremeden
hīerden
ġefremed
ġehīered
2.
þes, 'this'
n
m
f
n
þæt
þes
þēos
þis
þæt þisne þās
þis
þæs þisses þisse þisses
þǣm þissum þisse þissum
þȳ
þȳs
—
þȳs
þās
þās
þissa
þissum
Nouns
Weak Nouns
Strong Nouns
n-stems
o-stems
ā-stems
Consonant Declension
u-stems
nama, m. sunne, f.,. ēage, n., stān, m., scip, n., word, n., ġiefu, f., lār, f., mann, m., bōc, f., fæder, m. mōdor, f.. sunu, m. hand, f.
'name'
'sun'
'eye'
'stone'
'ship'
'word'
'gift'
'teaching' 'man'
'book'
'father' 'mother'
'son'
'hand'
nom.
nama
sunne
ēaġe
stān
scip
word
ġiefu
lār
mann
bōc
fæder
mōdor
sunu
hand
acc.
naman sunnan
ēaġe
stān
scip
word
ġiefe
lāre
mann
bōc
fæder
mōdor
sunu
hand
gen.
naman sunnan ēaġan
stānes scipes wordes
ġiefe
lāre
mannes
bēċ
fæder
mōdor
sunu
handa
dat.
naman sunnan ēaġan
stāne
scipe
worde
ġiefe
lāre
menn
bēċ
fæder
mōdor
suna
handa
nom.
naman sunnan ēaġan
stānas
scipu
word
ġiefa
lāra
menn
bēċ
fæder
mōdor
suna
handa
accus. naman sunnan ēaġan
stānas
scipu
word
ġiefa
lāra
menn
bēċ
fæder
mōdor
suna
handa
gen.
namena sunnena ēaġena
stāna
scipa
worda
ġiefa
lāra
manna
bōca
fædera mōdra
suna
handa
dat.
namum sunnum ēaġum stānum scipum wordum ġiefum
lārum mannum bōcum fæderum mōdrum sunum handum
Verbs
'Irregular'
bēon, 'to be'
Note that neuter words always have
identical forms for the nominative
and accusative singular (reverse
text)
Note that all relevant parts of
speech (except for the first and
second person pronouns) and all
genders always have identical forms
for the nominative and accusative
plural (reverse text)
Forms in bold and red are
unambiguous or very common.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Weak II
lufian, 'to
love'
lufie
lufast
lufaþ
lufiaþ
lufie
lufien
lufa
lufiaþ
lufian
tō lufienne
lufiende
lufode
lufodest
lufode
lufodon
lufode
lufoden
ġelufod
3.
Typical uses of the cases
Case
Function
Nominative
Subject
Accusative
Object
Genitive
Possession
Dative
Indirect object
Prepositional Objects
Instrumental (rare)
Instrument
Remember that the cases also have other uses.