International Journal of Animal and veterinary Advances 4(3): 221-224, 2012
ISSN: 2041-2908
© Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2012
Submitted: May 04, 2012
Accepted: May 29, 2012
Published: June 15, 2012
Plants of Ethno-Veterinary Uses of Tunglai Mountain Baffa Mansehra, Pakistan
1
Mazhar ul Islam, 2Zubair Anwar, 2Sobia Tabassum, 3Siraj Ahmed Khan, 1Afia Chand Zeb,
4
Muhammad Abrar, Khalid Usman Khattak and 2Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak
1
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra
2
Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
3
Al-Saud-Almadaj Trading Group, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
4
Molecular Diagnostic Lab, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
5
Department of Chemistary, Hazara University, Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan
Abstract: A total of 30 plants species were collected which are used for ethnovetinary purposes. Out of 30
plant species, belongs to 24 different families, among which 12 are tree, 13 annual herbs, 1 perennial herb
and 4 shrubs. Plant specimens collected, identified, preserved and mounted were deposited in the
Herbarium of Hazara University Mansehra, for future references.
Keywords: Ethnobotanical, herbarium, pharmacological
INTRODUCTION
al., 2006). Ahmad (2007) recorded the medicinal uses
like fever, skin diseases, snakebit, jaundice and burns
etc., of 81 plants belonging 44 families including
Artemisia scoparia found in the first ever constructed
motorway of the Pakistan. During the survey of
Margalla Hills National Park 50 species of herbs of
medicinal usees belonging to 27 families used by local
comunity of the Margalla Hills National Park (Shinwari
and Khan, 2000). These medicines have less side
effects and man can get the herbs easily from nature.
Unani system is dominant in Pakistan but the ethno
medicinal plants use is also seen in the remote areas
(Ahmad et al., 2003). Herbal medicines system traces
its origin to Greek medicine, which was adopted by
Arabs and then spread to India and Europe. About 80%
population of the world depends on the traditional
system of health care (Ahmad, 2005). There are
considerable economic benefits in the development of
indigenous medicines and in the use of medicinal plants
for the treatment of various diseases (Azaizeh et al.,
2003). The need for a specific definition of traditional
knowledge is impelled by the push from the formal
sector to control, manage and market the knowledge
and to bring it under a regulatory framework.
Traditional knowledge provides useful leads for
scientific research, being the key to identifying those
elements in a plant with a pharmacological value that is
ultimately destined for the international markets.
Indeed, such traditional knowledge is very valuable.
Annual global sales of products derived from the
Union Council Baffa is situated in District
Mansehra. It is 13 km away from Mansehra City in
North West. Baffa is located in western “Himalayan”
province. Geographically it is located at 34º 26' 66” in
north and 73º 13' 14.26” in west at the altitude of 2021
ft. The Tunglai hills located at the altitude of 5526 ft
full of pinus forest (Survey of Pakistan, 2006).
Baffa has extremely fertile land, irrigation system
and the forests. Seventy percent of the people are
involved in agricultural activities. Siran River is the
main source of irrigation water for Union Council
Baffa. Left bank of the river is provided with an
excellent system of irrigation channels while right bank
area is mainly Barani (Rain-fed) and small area is semi
irrigated as some irrigation water is provided from hill
ponds. Sixty percent of the land in Union Council Baffa
is irrigated, 32% is rain-fed while just 8% is semi
irrigated. Main agricultural yields include vegetables,
wheat, maize, rice, sugarcane and tobacco. Medicinal
plants play an important role in traditional health care
system. A larg number of allopathic drugs are also
prepared from medicinal plants (Rashid and Arshad,
2002). The history of discovery and use of different
medicinal plants is as old as the history of discovery
and use of plants for food (Ibrar, 2002). During an
ethnobotanical survey of Ayubia national park Gilani
recorded 21 important herbs belonging to 19 families
which were used medicinally by the local community of
Ayubia National Park, Abbottabad, Pakistan (Gilani et
Corresponding Author: Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
221
Int. J. Anim. Veter. Adv., 4(3): 221‐224, 2012 Table 1: Plants of ethno-veterinary uses
Botanical name
Vernacular name
Barberis lyceum
Sumbal (Hindko, Gojri),
royle
Koray (Pashto)
Verbiscum thepsus Ghadi Kan (Hindko,
L
Gojri), Kharghuag)
Family
Barbedaceae
Habit
Shrub
Parts used
Root bark
Schryophylaceae
Annual
herb
Leaves and stem
with inflorescence
Annual
herb
Annual
herb
Leaves, seeds oil
Brasica
compestris L
Rumex hustatus L
Saryan (Hindko, Gojri),
Sharsham (Pashto)
Khateemal (Hindko,
Gojri), Turakhay (Pashto)
Crucifereae
Pinus roxbergii
Cheer (Hindko, Gojri,
Urdu), Nakhtar (Pashto)
Hund (Hindko, Pashto,
Gojri), Kasni (Urdu)
Pinaceae
Tree
Resin and leaves
Astaraceae
Annual
herb
Whole plant
Cychorium intybus
L
Polygonaceae
Whole plant
Ethno botanical uses
As analgesic, as a bandage & as
body coolant
As stomachic & as analgesic
As fodder, tonic, for gastric
problems
For blood clotting (septic) & for
healing
As septic, for wound healing &
resin used as hair removing
For stomach problem, antiinflammatory agent & as fodder
crop
For gastric problem & digestive
problems. As anthelmentic and
febrifuge. As fodder for sheep’s,
goats
For removal of ringworms
(anthelmentic). As laxative
Melia azed-arch
Daraik (Hindko, Gojri),
Bekana (Pashto), Bekyne
(Urdu)
Meliaceae
Tree
Leaves and fruits
Mallotus
phelipenses lam.
mull
Riccinus comunis
L
Witex negudo
Kamila (Hindko, Gojri),
Kambeela (Pashto)
Euphorbiaceae
Tree
Fruits and leaves
Aranda (Hindko, Gojri
Pashto), Arand (Urdu)
Marvandi (Hindko, Pashto)
Euphorbiaceae
Under tree
Seeds and oil
Verbenaceae
Tree
Leaves
Zanthoxylum
armetum L
Adhathoda vesica
L
Timber (Hindko, Gojri),
Dambara (Pashto)
Bekar (Hindko, Gojri,
Pashto)
Rotaceae
Shrub
Leaves and fruits
Acanthaceae
Shrub
Leaves and flowers
Cynodon dactylon
L
Khabal (Hindko, Pashto,
Gojri)
Poaceae
Annual
herb
Stem and leaves
Alllium sativa L
Thom (Hindko), Ooga
(Pashto), Lehsan (Urdu)
Sounf (Hindko, Urdu,
Gojri)
Papra (Hinko, Pashto,
Gojri, Urdu)
Aliaceae
Perennial
herb
Annual
herb
Annual
herb
Underground stem
and leaves
Whole plant
Punica granatum
L
Solanum
surratense L
Anar (Urdu), Anargoordy
(Pashto)
Peeli mordhi, Kandiari
(Hindko, Panjabi, Gojri)
Punicaceae
Tree
Periarp (fruit)
Solenaceae
Annual
herb
Whole plant
Mentha longifolia
L
Chita podina (Hindko,
Gojri), Safaid podina
(Urdu)
Tahli (Hindko, Gogri,
Panjabi), Shuwa (Pashto)
Sheesham (Urdu)
Lamiaceae
Annual
herb
Arial parts
Papilionaceae
Tree
Leaves
Leaves are given as coolant, as
fodder for sheep’s goats
Sonchal (Hindko, Gojri),
Panerak (Pashto,
Kohistani)
Barun (Hindko, Gojri),
Dadam (Pashto)
Malvaceae
Annual
herb
Leaves, stem, seeds
Poaceae
Annual
herb
Stem, leaves and
seeds
Morus alba L
Chita toot (Hindko, Gojri),
Spin toot (Pashto),
Shahtoot (Urdu)
Moraceae
Tree
Leaves
Morus nigra L
Kala toot (Hindko, Gogri),
Tora Toot) Pashto),Toot
siyah (Urdu)
Moraceae
Tree
Leaves and fruits
In digestive problem , for food
poisoning,as fodder, but excess
amount cause loose motion
To clout blood (steptic,
analgesic and antiseptic) as
fodder and also tonic
Commonly leaves are used as
fodder. In excess amount cause
loose motion. It is also laxative
and tonic
The leaves are used as fodder for
sheeps, goats and cows. These
are also tonic and laxative
Feoniculum
valgare mill
Fumeria indica L
Delbergia sesso L
Malva neglecta L
Sargham helipense
L
Apiaceae
Fumeraceae
222 Whole plant
To sheep’s and goats to create
sterility for one year. As laxative
For stomach problems & As
fodder for sheep’s and goats
Used in fever and flue
(Febrifuge). Iin stomachic
For rashes; sometime
veterinaries are bathed with
plant infusion & for febrifuge
As fodder for veterinaries. As
tonic, antiseptic and analgesic.
For wounds for blood clouting,
relieving pain
For stomachic & for influenza
Carminative, purgative, in fever
& a diuretic
To control constipation and
urinary problems in cattle. As a
fodder & fever
As vermifuge & to expel the
intestinal worm
For fever, cough and intestinal
infection and also to improve
feeding
As (stomachic) and (febrifuge)
Int. J. Anim. Veter. Adv., 4(3): 221‐224, 2012 Table 1: (Continue)
Botanical name
Salix longifolia L
Rubas fruiticisus L
Ficus carica L
Ailanthus altissima
(mill.). Swingle
Artemisia
absenthium L
Trichodesma
indicum L
Vernacular name
Beens (Hindko)
Beensa (Gojri)
Karwara (Hindko,
Gojri, Pashto)
Family
Salicaceae
Habit
Tree
Parts used
Leaves
Rosaceae
Shrub
Stem, leaves and
fruits
Phugar (Hindko),
Phugari (Gojri), Inzir
(Pashto)
Darawa (Hindko,
Gojri), Shandai
(Pashto)
Chaow (Hindko, Gojri)
Moraceae
Tree
Latex and leaves
Simaroubaceae
Tree
Resin and leaves
To clout the blood antimicrobial
activity & kill the flea and ticks
Astaraceae
Annual
herb
Leaves,
inflorescence and
stem
Boreginaceae
Annual
herb
Whole plant
Stomachic, febrifuge,
anthelmentic, antiseptic.
Antiworms reduce fever in
indigestion and gastric problems
As anti-inflammatory). As
analgesic)
Andholi (Hindko,
Gojri)
manipulation of genetic resources lie between US$ 500
and US$800 billion annually (Kate and Laird, 1999).
Herbal medicine even today plays an important role in
rural areas and various locally produce drugs are still
being used as household remedies for various diseases
specially in these areas for different ailments (Qureshi
and Ghufran, 2005). People living in mountains of
Pakistan use plants in many ways such as medicines,
timber wood, fire wood, food, fodder etc., (Hussain and
Khaliq, 1996). This study will help us in finding direct
availibilty of cure for the good healthcare of
Veterinaries and human as well. We can use these
plants for further medicnal products to make usefull in
easy way.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An ethnovetinary survey was conducted to collect
the information from the local people on the use of
medicinal plants for medicinal use in Tunglai hills
Baffa, District Mansehra NWFP, Pakistan during June
2008-august 2009. The information about native plants
used for ethnovetinary purposes collected through
questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips.
Plants were arranged alphabetically by family name,
vernacular name and ethno veterinary uses. The
identification of the listed plants was based on The
Flora of Pakistan.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
During this survey 30 plants belonging to 24
families are collected and arranged the description of
each is given in the tabular form in Table 1.
Ethnobotany is perhaps most important method to
study natural resources and their Management by
indigenous people. It enables us to work with local
people to explore Knowledge based on experiences of
ages. Unfortunately, there is no provision and/or law for
the protection of knowledge rights of native people.
Very little action has been taken by legal professional
environmental, non-governmental or even human rights
groups to secure Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) for
native people (Martin, 1995). Livestock keepers in
many developing countries with restricted access to
orthodox veterinary healthcare services commonly use
traditional remedies to treat their animals when disease
is encountered. The use of medicinal plants is an option
for livestock farmers who are not allowed to use
allopathic drugs under certified organic programs or
cannot afford to use allopathic drugs for minor health
problems of livestock. In Pakistan villagers also use
local remedies for the treatment of domestic animals. In
most areas of Mansehra District plants are used as
veterinary medicines. In hilly areas locals use plant
remedies for the cure of veterinary diseases. The have
no access to doctors for their animals. They also think
that local remedies have low or less side effects. This
fact that plants have crud compound but in low
quantities which if show side effect that can be
overcome easily.
CONCLUSION
This study will help us in finding direct availibilty
of cure for the good healthcare of Veterinaries and
human as well. We can use these plants for further
medicnal products to make usefull in easy way.
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Antianemic and tonic to improve
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Antiseptic & used to stop the
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