DOCUMENT #:
GSC13-GRSC6-16r1
FOR:
Presentation
SOURCE:
ARIB (NHK)
AGENDA ITEM:
GRSC-6 4.3 (Mobile Multimedia)
CONTACT(S):
fujita.m-ke@nhk.or.jp
One-Seg & Mobile broadcasting
Masami Fujita
Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)
Submission Date:
July 8, 2008
Highlight of Current Activities (1)
• Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan
– On December 1, 2003, Japan launched digital terrestrial television
broadcasting (DTTB) using the Integrated Service Digital
Broadcasting - Terrestrial (ISDB-T) transmission system.
– ISDB-T is recommended in Rec. ITU-R BT.1306.
– ISDB-T is robust transmission system because it uses OFDM and
time interleaving.
• One-Seg
– One-segment services for handheld receivers (called “One-Seg”) can
be provided simultaneously with one 6MHz TV channel, in addition to
HDTV (or multi-channel SDTV).
– On April 1, 2006, One-Seg services began in Japan.
– More than 30 million One-Seg receivers have been shipped so far.
– Various kinds of One-Seg receivers are available on the market.
– One-Seg is provided free of charge.
to slide 8,9
2
Highlight of Current Activities (2)
• BST-OFDM technology
– NHK developed the Band Segmented Transmission OFDM (BSTOFDM) technology for ISDB-T in 1996.
– ISDB-T consists of 13 OFDM segments.
– The system supports hierarchical transmissions of up to three layers,
and parameters can be changed in each layers.
– Typically we use two layers. One is a layer for HDTV with 12
segments using 64QAM, and the other is a layer for One-Seg with 1
segment using QPSK.
– Example of Information bit rate is 16.85Mbps (for HDTV) and
416kbps (for One-Seg).
• Features of One-Seg
– Not only video & audio, but data, closed caption, and Electric
Program Guide are transmitted in One-Seg.
– One-Seg is a new medium that realizes the convergence of
broadcasting & communications on the mobile terminal.
to slide 10,11
3
Strategic Direction
• Termination of Analog TV services
– Plans call for digital terrestrial broadcasting to reach all homes in
Japan by July 2011.
– By July 2011, both analog terrestrial and satellite broadcasting are
scheduled to be terminated.
– At this point, Japan will have completed the transition to all-digital TV
broadcasting.
• Digital Radio
– Digital terrestrial radio (DR) test transmission started in October 2003.
– Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion Association
(DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly by NHK,
several commercial radio stations, etc.
– DR uses a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7) for the test transmission.
– ISDB-TSB (Sound Broadcasting) transmission system is adopted for
DR.
to slide 12,13
4
Challenges
• Recent topics in One-Seg
– Independent program service
It is possible to broadcast independent program service in One-Seg
(non-simultaneous program to 12 segments) from April 2008 by
legal changes.
NTV started to broadcast independent One-Seg test service for
sports programs.
NHK announced the start of independent One-Seg service using
educational channel from April 2009.
– Multi-channel service in One-Seg
It is possible to send up to 3 programs in One-Seg.
TOKYO MX started 2 programs One-Seg service when they
broadcast multi-channel service from June 2008.
• Research & Development in One-Seg
– NHK have been developing Connected One-Seg Re-transmission
System.
– NHK have been developing Automatic Activation of One-Seg
Receivers by emergency warning broadcast system. (See slide 20,21)
5
Next Steps/Actions
• VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination
– Frequency bandwidth for terrestrial television will be reduced from 370MHz to
240MHz.
– VHF Low (18MHz) & VHF High (14.5MHz) will be allocated for non-TV
broadcasting services. (e.g., Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers)
• Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers
to slide 14
– There’s a chance to start new multimedia broadcasting services for mobile
receivers with VHF Low & VHF High.
– ISDB-TSB, ISDB-Tmm (Mobile Multimedia), etc are now under consideration
for new services.
– One-Seg, ISDB-TSB, and ISDB-Tmm are all ISDB-T family that introduce the
BST-OFDM technology. (See slide 22)
– VHF Low would be assigned for local services, and VHF High would be
assigned for national services according to the report about the multimedia
broadcasting.
– The report said it is necessary to fix the industries that will provide new
services by the middle of 2010 to start broadcasting after July 2011.
– ARIB is now preparing for the new download services for multimedia
broadcasting.
6
Supplemental Slides
7
Number of receivers
- Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg Number of receivers of Digital terrestrial broadcasting & Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner
million
Number of receivers (cumulative total)
40
35
Digital terrestrial *1
30
One-Seg *2
25
20
15
More than
30,000 million
One-seg receivers
10
5
4/2008
1/2008
10/2007
7/2007
4/2007
1/2007
10/2006
7/2006
4/2006
1/2006
10/2005
7/2005
4/2005
1/2005
10/2004
7/2004
4/2004
1/2004
0
Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, etc
Digital terrestrial broadcasting
12/2003
One-Seg service
4/2006
*1 Digital television + Terrestrial digital tuner + Cable digital STB ( Total number of Television: about 115 million, 7/2007 )
*2 Mobile phone with One-Seg tuner ( Total number of Mobile phone: 103 million, 4/2008 )
8
One-Seg receivers
- Digital Terrestrial TV service in Japan / One-Seg to slide 3
Car Navigators
Mobile Phones
Portable Dictionary
PCs with One-Seg
Portable Games
(From Homepage)
Portable Players
USB type One-Seg tuners
9
12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T)
- BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg 13 Segments , Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz
HDTV
12 Segments
12 Segs
1 Seg
On-air program
1 Segment
Data service
(6/14 MHz)
64QAM
FEC = 3/4
(16.851Mbps)
QPSK
FEC = 2/3
(416kbps)
10
Convergence of Broadcasting & Communications
- BST-OFDM technology / Features of One-Seg to slide 4
Broadcasting
Watch TV
Convergence
TV & Data
Communications
TV & Internet
Internet
Broadcasting station
ＢＭＬ
Broadcasting station
ＢＭＬ
ＢＭＬ, HTML
Watching TV program
on full screen
Watching TV program
and reading data on TV
Watching TV program
and reading data on the
Internet
Viewing or reading
on the Internet
11
Timeline of Digital Broadcasting services
- Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio -
Satellite
Terrestrial
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
will be over
7/2011
Analog SD
12/2003
Digital
One-Seg
4/2006
will be over
7/2011
Analog SD
was over
10/2007
Analog HD
Digital
12/2000
Test transmission
Digital Radio
10/2003
24/7/2011
12
ISDB-TSB (Digital Radio)
- Termination of Analog TV services / Digital Radio ISDB-TSB
13 Segments , Channel Bandwidth : 5.57MHz
to slide 5
(Sound Broadcasting)
Digital Radio
test transmission
started from 10/2003
(8 segments, VHF 7ch)
TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7 TS8 TS9 TS10 TS11 TS12 TS13
1 Seg
1 Segment
3 Segments
TS1
TS2
QPSK
FEC = 1/2
(330kbps)
ハイビジョン
Video
※
Data service
Image
1 & 3 Segments are used in ISDB-TSB
※ NHK will start video services from July 2008
13
Rearrangement of VHF/UHF
- VHF/UHF rearrangement after analog TV termination -
Now
90-108MHz
1～3ch
170-222MHz
4～12ch
470-770MHz
13～62ch
Analog TV
Broadcasting
Analog TV
Broadcasting
Analog TV Broadcasting
Digital TV Broadcasting
18MHz
52MHz
300MHz
90-108MHz 170-202.5MHz 207.5-222MHz
Future
Plan
(1)
18MHz
(VHF Low)
(2)
(1)
32.5MHz
14.5MHz
(VHF High)
（GB 5MHz）
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
to slide 6
470-710MHz
13～52ch
715-725MHz
Digital TV Broadcasting
240MHz
730-770MHz
(3)
(4)
10MHz
40MHz
GB 5MHz
GB 5MHz
Non TV Broadcasting => e.g., Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers
Private Telecommunication (Protection against disasters, etc)
Schedule plan
Intelligent Transport Systems
(1) (2) after July 25, 2011
Telecommunications
(3) (4) after July 25, 2012
14
Chipset of One-Seg receiver
- One-Seg Example of One-Seg receiver’s Chipset
Dimensions
9mm×9mm×1.4mm
Sensitivity
-109.6dBm ～ -105.2dBm
Power consumption 77mW ～ 105mW
SHARP documents
15
12 Segments & 1 Segment (ISDB-T)
- BST-OFDM technology Example parameters for digital terrestrial television broadcasting
12 Segments
1 segment
Reception
Fixed (Mobile)
Mobile
Modulation
64QAM
QPSK
Code ratio
3/4
2/3
Guard interval
1/8 (126  s)
1/8 (126  s)
Bit rate
16.851Mbps
416kbps ※1
Video coding
MPEG-2 (30fps)
Audio coding
MPEG-2 AAC
MPEG-2 AAC+SBR ※2
Data broadcasting
BML (XHTML) A Profile
BML (XHTML) C Profile
Electric Program Guide
OK
(Now + Next + 8days)
OK
(Now + Next + 8programs)
Closed caption
OK
OK
Copy control
Yes
Yes
CAS
Yes
No
H.264 (15fps)
16:9(320×180), 4:3(320×240)
※1 Example: Video (224kbps), Audio (55kbps), Data (80kbps), Closed caption (5kbps), EPG (20kbps), Control (32kbps)
※2 Spectral Band Replication
16
12 segs
Source coding
Video
Video coding
Audio
Audio coding
Data/EPG
Data/ EPG coding
1 seg
Source coding
Video
Video coding
Audio
Audio coding
Data/EPG
Data/ EPG coding
Antenna
Power Amp
Up converter
Mapping
Frequency interleave
Time interleave
Layer synthesis & rate conversion
Mapping
Bit interleave
Bit interleave
D/A
Inner code
Inner code
Guard interval addition
Channel coding
Byte interleave
Delay compensation
Energy dispersal
Byte interleave
Aux channel
IFFT
1 seg
Delay compensation
TMCC
1 seg
OFDM frame configuration
Pilot
Energy dispersal
Hierarchical separation
Outer code (RS)
TS Re-Mux
Conditional Access
Multiplexing
Configuration of Digital transmission
- BST-OFDM technology 12 segs
12 segs
17
Digital Radio
- Digital Radio Tokyo area
Osaka area
2.4kW
240W
Digital Terrestrial Radio test transmission started in October 2003,
using a vacant VHF TV channel (CH-7).
Programs are transmitted by the Digital Radio Promotion
Association (DRP), a licensed broadcasting corporation run jointly
by NHK, several commercial radio stations in Tokyo and Osaka,
and some new entrants into the digital radio market.
DRP homepage
Digital Radio receiver (KDDI)
(About 1.8 million receivers, 6/2008)
18
Multi-channel service in One-Seg
- Recent topics in One-Seg -
One-Seg 1
One-Seg 2
TOKYO MX homepage
19
Connected One-Seg Re-transmission System
- Research & Development in One-Seg ・NHK developed a "connected One-Seg re-transmission system" that extracts One-Seg
signals from the digital terrestrial broadcast-waves received from individual broadcasters
and combines them into a single signal for re-transmission over a channel that is different
from any of the receiving channels.
・A maximum of thirteen One-Seg signals can be re-transmitted. It will be possible to offer
community broadcasting localized to a particular area for re-transmission, in addition to
One-Seg services from every broadcaster.
ISDB-T
Air
ch1
ch2
ch3
ch4
ch5
ch6
ch7
ch8
Frequency
Combines only One-Seg signals
aboveground
Connected One-Seg
re-transmission system
underground
Community OneSeg signals
Re-transmission
ch9-13
6MHz
ch1
ch2
ch3
ch4
ch5
ch6
ch7
Frequency
ch8
ch9
ch10 ch11 ch12 ch13
20
Automatic Activation of One-Seg Receivers by EWS
- Research & Development in One-Seg ・The EWS (Emergency Warning broadcast System) automatically activates receivers when
a disaster happens, such as an earthquake or Tsunami.
・NHK developed EWS compatible adaptor that can be connected to a One-Seg receiver.
・The low power consumption achieved by performing intermittent reception of the One-Seg
activation flag, which is transmitted approximately every 0.2 seconds, showed the
prospect of continuous standby operation for about two weeks without recharging.
・Among the 432 carriers used for One-Seg
service, four carriers transmit the activation flag
for emergency warning broadcasting. Increasing
this to all four carriers, from the previously used
two carriers that transmitted the activation flag
signal, improved reception sensitivity without
increasing power consumption.
・NHK will work toward the actual implementation
of One-Seg and radio receiver with the EWS
reception function.
Prototype of EWS adaptor
21
ISDB-Tmm
- Multimedia broadcasting for mobile receivers ・ISDB-Tmm (Mobile Multimedia) is new multimedia broadcast method that is based on the
ISDB-T international standard.
・The features of ISDB-Tmm is flexible structure of segments.
・It is possible to download the contents through the air.
・MMBP (MultiMedia Broadcasting Planning LLC) was created in December 2006 for the
purpose of surveying and researching new mobile multimedia broadcast technologies and
business models. MMBP started field testing of ISDB-Tmm in March 2008 using the Tokyo
Tower.
ISDB-T, ISDB-TSB, ISDB-Tmm
Demonstration of ISDB-Tmm
Impress AV Watch
22
Basic transmission parameters
Basic transmission parameters for terrestrial digital television broadcasting
Transmission Parameter
Mode 1
No. of OFDM segments
Mode 2
Mode 3
13
Bandwidth
5.575 MHz
5.573 MHz
5.572 MHz
Carrier interval
3.968 kHz
1.984 kHz
0.992 kHz
No. of carriers
1405
2809
5617
Modulation system
Effective symbol length
Guard-interval length
No. of symbols per frame
Time interleave
QPSK，16QAM，64QAM，DQPSK
252 s
504 s
1.008 ms
1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 of effective symbol length
204
Maximum 4 values: 0, about 0.13, 0.25, 0.5 sec
Frequency interleave
Intra-segment or inter-segment interleaving
Inner code
Convolutional coding (1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8)
Outer code
RS (204, 188)
Information bit rate
Hierarchical transmission
3.65 Mpbs - 23.23 Mbps
Maximum 3 levels
23
ARIB standards, ITU-R recommendations
ARIB standards and ITU-R recommendations for ISDB-T
24
Example of data broadcasting in
One-Seg “MobiTreasure”
The emblem are
hidden in a program
Discover the
emblem !
Take the emblem into
treasure box.
→ recorded to NVRAM
MobiTreasure is a treasure-hunt game that employs the most important feature of One-Seg services, i.e.,
seamless integration of data broadcasting and the Internet.
25
Example of mobile VOD using closed
caption as metadata.
Example of mobile VOD through the internet using closed caption as metadata
Keywords
(1) Search
(2) Reading
User can scroll through
the text of program
stories like a electric
book.
“Pitch Shot”
It enables users to
search by keywords.
(3) Viewing
User can view a video
clip from the point he
clicks.
26