UNIVERSITY OF MALTA LIFE SCIENCE RESEARCH SEMINARS Web: http://www.um.edu.mt/events/scisem/ Email: scisem@um.edu.mt Abstract form Title: Presenter: Contact address: Tel: Fax: Email: Presentation date: 5-HT2C receptors in the pathophysiology of CNS disease Prof Giuseppe Di Giovanni Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, +356 23402776 +356 21310577 giuseppe.digiovanni@um.edu.mt 4 April 2011 Approximately 200-250 words. Please email to scisem@um.edu.mt. Abstract Several studies have focused on the role of serotonergic 5-HT2C receptors in the regulation of forebrain dopamine (DA) function and have highlighted their potential as a target for improved treatments of neuropsychiatric disorders related to central DA-ergic neuron dysfunction. I’ll summarize our and other works that have extensively explored the role of 5-HT2C receptors in the control of DA systems both in basal and drug-induced conditions, using in vivo electrophysiological and microdialytic techniques. It is well established that this receptor subtype exerts both tonic and phasic modulation of central DA-ergic function. This evidence has led to the suggestion that drugs acting on 5-HT2C receptors have potential as novel antipsychotic (APD) and antidepressant agents and may also be used in the treatment of other neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and psychoactive substance abuse. The physiology, pharmacology and anatomical distribution of the 5-HT2C receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) will first be introduced. Moreover, experimental data regarding the effect of 5-HT2C selective agents on the neuronal activity of DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), as well as the changes of basal DA release in the striatum, nucleus accumbens and cerebral cortex, are discussed. Finally, I will also discuss the potential use of 5-HT2C agents in the treatment of depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and drug abuse. *LXVHSSH'L*LRYDQQL Editor-in-Chief Ennio Esposito Vincenzo Di Matteo Assistent Editors 5-HT2C Receptors in the Pathophysiology of CNS Disease 635,1*(5 Editors Editor-in-Chief Prof. Giuseppe Di Giovanni University of Malta Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Msida, Malta giuseppe.digiovanni@um.edu.mt Assistant Editor Dr Vincenzo Di Matteo Consorzio Mario Negri Sud Centro di Ricerche Farmacologiche e Biomediche Chieti, Italy vdimatteo@negrisud.it Assistant Editor Dr Ennio Esposito Consorzio Mario Negri Sud Centro di Ricerche Farmacologiche e Biomediche Chieti, Italy esposito@negrisud.it ISBN 978-1-60761-940-6 e-ISBN 978-1-60761-941-3 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-941-3 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) To my wife Samantha, For her abundant support, for her patience and understanding, and for her love G. Di Giovanni Preface Accepting the challenge of editing the first book on a subject is a risky business, particularly if you attempt to produce an overview in the research of 5-HT2C receptors, an area now going back over 25 years with so productive results. Nevertheless, I have embarked on this unique editorial enterprise with the aim of giving pleasure to the readers and researchers and not least to myself, confident that it will be instrumental in future research in 5-HT2C pathophysiology. A few years ago Bryan Roth edited, for the same series “The Receptors,” a very fine volume on serotonin receptors. The present volume is a further development of this and is a thorough examination of the 5-HT2C receptor subclass, needed to cover the extraordinary amount of research into nearly every aspect of 5-HT2C receptor function that has recently emerged. This is not surprising, considering that the 5-HT2C receptor is a prominent central serotonin receptor subtype, widely expressed within the central and the peripheral nervous system and is thought to play a major role in the regulation of a plethora of behaviors. Therefore, it has been shown by experimental and clinical observation that it may represent a possible therapeutic target for the development of drugs for a range of CNS disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, drug abuse, eating disorders, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy, to cite but a few. The book, a result of the efforts of an international group of authors, has the aim of providing an update of the functional status of the 5-HT2C receptor, covering molecular, cellular, anatomical, biochemical, and behavioral aspects, to highlight its distinctive regulatory properties, the emerging functional significance of constitutive activity and RNA-editing in vivo, and the therapeutic potentiality in different diseases that are singled-out in different chapters. While covering the latest research, for obvious reasons, this volume cannot be exhaustive and it has been impossible to include a number of authors of obvious merit. I hope that more volumes on the subject will be possible in the future. I want to thank all the authors who have responded very willingly and contributed their time and expertise in preparing their individual contribution to a consistently high standard. My thanks go to Vincenzo Di Matteo and Ennio Esposito who have contributed to the realization of this book. I am indebted to Philippe De Deurwaerdère, who has unselfishly dedicated his time and expertise to insightful and helpful reading of this text and Dr Clare Austen for reviewing the English style of these manuscripts. vii viii Preface Finally, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Kime Neve, series editor, and Matthew Giampoala, Springer publishing editor, for their help in driving the book’s development and eventual publication. I hope that the contents of this volume will further inspire and stimulate discussions and new interdisciplinary research on the 5-HT2C receptor. May 2010 3URIGiuseppe Di Giovanni University of Malta Msida, Malta Contents 1 The Making of the 5-HT2C Receptor........................................................ Jose M. Palacios, Angel Pazos, and Daniel Hoyer 2 Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptors: Chemical Neuronatomy in the Mammalian Brain........................................................................... Guadalupe Mengod 3 The Medicinal Chemistry of 5-HT2C Receptor Ligands.......................... Marcello Leopoldo, Enza Lacivita, Paola De Giorgio, Francesco Berardi, and Roberto Perrone 4 Insights into 5-HT2C Receptor Function Gained from Transgenic Mouse Models................................................................ Stephen J. Bonasera 1 17 29 51 5 Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptor Signal Transduction.................................... Maria N. Garnovskaya and John R. Raymond 75 6 Homology Modeling of 5-HT2C Receptors............................................... Nicolas Renault, Amaury Farce, and Philippe Chavatte 97 7 5-HT2C Receptor Dimerization.................................................................. 129 Katharine Herrick-Davis and Dinah T. Farrington 8 RNA Editing of 5-HT2C Receptor and Neuropsychiatric Diseases................................................................. 157 Kazuya Iwamoto, Miki Bundo, and Tadafumi Kato 9 Serotonergic Control of Adult Neurogenesis: Focus on 5-HT2C Receptors....................................................................... 169 Annie Daszuta ix x Contents 10 The Constitutive Activity of 5-HT2C Receptors as an Additional Modality of Interaction of the Serotonergic System...................................................................... 187 Sylvia Navailles and Philippe De Deurwaerdère 11 The 5-HT2C Receptor Subtype Controls Central Dopaminergic Systems: Evidence from Electrophysiological and Neurochemical Studies................................. 215 Giuseppe Di Giovanni, Ennio Esposito, and Vincenzo Di Matteo 12 The Role of 5-HT2C Receptors in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Depression.......................... 249 Eliyahu Dremencov, Joost H.A. Folgering, Sandra Hogg, Laurence Tecott, and Thomas I.F.H. Cremers 13 5-HT2C Receptors and Suicidal Behavior............................................... 261 Fabio Panariello, Naima Javaid, and Vincenzo De Luca 14 The 5-HT2C Receptor as a Target for Schizophrenia............................ 275 Herbert Y. Meltzer, Liwen Sun, and Hitoshi Hashimoto 15 Serotonin and Reward-Related Behavior: Focus on 5-HT2C Receptors..................................................................... 293 Paul J. Fletcher and Guy A. Higgins 16 Tat-3L4F: A Novel Peptide for Treating Drug Addiction by Disrupting Interaction Between PTEN and 5-HT2C Receptor.................................................................... 325 Amy Hu, Lintao Jia, Jean-Christian Maillet, and Xia Zhang 17 The Role of Serotonin in Eating Behavior: Focus on 5-HT2C Receptors..................................................................... 339 Jason C.G. Halford 18 Physiological and Pathophysiological Aspects of 5-HT2c Receptors in Basal Ganglia..................................................... 351 Philippe De Deurwaerdère, Laurence Mignon, and Marie-Françoise Chesselet 19 Modeling Tardive Dyskinesia: Predictive 5-HT2C Receptor Antagonist Treatment................................................ 383 Richard M. Kostrzewa Contents xi 20 The Role of 5-HT2A/2C Receptors in Sleep and Waking......................... 393 Jaime M. Monti and Héctor Jantos 21 Role of Alternative Splicing of the 5-HT2C Receptor in the Prader–Willi Syndrome............................................... 413 Shivendra Kishore and Stefan Stamm 22 The Role of 5-HT2C Receptor in Epilepsy.............................................. 429 Rita Jakus and Gyorgy Bagdy 23 The Role of Serotonin on Attentional Processes and Executive Functioning: Focus on 5-HT2C Receptors..................... 445 Eleftheria Tsaltas and Vasileios Boulougouris 24 5-HT2C Receptors in Learning................................................................ 461 López-Vázquez Miguel Ángel, Gutiérrez-Guzmán Blanca Érika, Cervantes Miguel, and Olvera-Cortés María Esther 25 The Role of 5-HT2C Polymorphisms in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer Disease............................. 509 Antonia Pritchard 26 Ocular Hypotension: Involvement of Serotonergic 5-HT2 Receptors...... 523 Najam A. Sharif Index.................................................................................................................. 545