Supplemental Materials
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake: the impact
of species sorting and mass effects on bacterial production and
biogeography
Heather E. Adams1, Byron C. Crump2*, and George W. Kling1
1
University of Michigan, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, MI,
USA
2
Oregon State University, College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Corvallis, OR,
USA
Supplemental Table 1. DNA similarity (1.0 = identical) between sites during transplant
experiments and the impact of location on community composition (average similarity of control
compared to location treatment). Samples with slashes in the name have the community source
environment before the slash and the incubation environment after the slash.
Date
18 July 2006
18–21 July 2006
21 July 2006
1 Aug. 2006
1-3 Aug. 2006
1-3 Aug. 2006
3 Aug. 2006
Samples compared
Similarity
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
0.38
Inlet/inlet
Inlet/outlet
0.77
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
0.56
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
0.51
Inlet/inlet
Inlet/outlet
0.74
Outlet/outlet Outlet/inlet
0.90
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
0.55
1
Supplemental Materials
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake
Supplemental Table 2. Habitat characteristics during transplant experiments. Transplant
experiment collected on 9 Jul 2005 was deployed 12 hours after conditions were measured on 5
Jul 2005.
Date
5 Jul 2005
5 Jul 2005
9 Jul 2005
9 Jul 2005
26 Jul 2005
26 Jul 2005
28 Jul 2005
28 Jul 2005
18 Jul 2006
18 Jul 2006
21 Jul 2006
21 Jul 2006
1 Aug 2006
1 Aug 2006
3 Aug 2006
3 Aug 2006
2 Jul 2007
2 Jul 2007
4 Jul 2007
4 Jul 2007
Site
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
I-8 inlet
I-8 outlet
Temp
(°C)
7
12.3
7.2
10.6
11.2
14.6
11
14.4
10.1
12.4
8.3
11.6
10.1
12.6
12.1
12.8
17.6
16.3
13.9
18.4
BP (µg
C/L/d)
1.25
7.19
1.69
11.4
1.42
6.38
1.79
10.6
0.85
2.39
1.16
7.70
0.56
3.86
2.09
10.8
7.15
15.4
2.69
2.68
Cond
(µS/cm)
123.3
51.2
62.0
62.2
117.2
67.9
124.3
69.5
88.5
69.6
77.7
72.5
95.9
75.4
100.4
78.4
152.2
79
158
74.2
2
pH
7.28
6.99
6.29
6.61
7.12
7.61
7.66
7.54
8.14
7.65
7.59
7.39
7.62
7.41
7.72
7.52
7.65
7.47
7.50
7.25
Chl a
(µg/L)
0.21
0.39
0.18
0.80
0.10
0.75
0.90
0.97
0.41
2.10
0.43
1.72
10.1
12.6
0.65
2.10
0.29
0.48
0.20
0.29
Protein
(mg/L)
0.16
0.29
0.51
0.53
0.16
0.38
0.16
0.34
0.30
0.59
0.47
0.59
0.45
0.59
0.47
0.62
0.12
0.19
0.21
0.32
Phenolics
(µM)
0.06
0.04
0.81
0.99
0.29
0.78
0.27
0.76
0.56
1.05
0.73
0.95
0.43
0.87
0.48
0.81
0.68
0.69
0.23
0.03
DOC
(µM)
268
387
615
457
354
527
351
522
463
574
528
564
476
592
457
576
402
315
363
427
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake
0.01
0.5
0.5
Time
9:55
9:15
14:10
11:08
10:32
10:15
12:50
10:44
11:38
12:12
12:12
11:00
I8 Inlet
I8 Inlet Northeast
I8 Inlet South
I8 Lake Central
I8 Lake East
I8 Lake Northeast
I8 Lake Northwest
I8 Lake Southeast
I8 Lake Southwest
I8 Lake West
I8 Lake West
I8 Outlet
0.01
6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.01
0.01
Depth (m)
Site
Temp °C
18.4
7.76
17.6
17.7
18
17.5
18
17.9
17.8
16.3
11.3
13.9
Cond µS/cm
74.2
61.8
67.8
67.8
69
68.1
68.8
68.7
68.4
143.3
208
158
7.5
pH
7.25
6.82
7.76
7.63
7.8
7.73
7.85
7.78
7.57
6.93
7.53
Alk µeqL
622.3
609.9
647.2
616.1
634.3
640.4
645
650.5
633.3
1379
1898
1418
DOC µM
393.5
425.9
391.1
448
429.3
405.7
444.1
456.4
447.4
405.9
427.3
363.3
NH4 µM
0.67
0.52
0.28
0.25
0.44
0.27
0.48
0.34
0.26
0.54
0.57
0.35
PO4 µM
3
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.02
NO3 µM
0.46
0.32
0.11
0.18
0.20
0.08
0.21
0.12
0.06
1.86
18.70
13.82
TDN µM
12.1
11.8
11.7
11.1
12.5
11.3
12.1
12.2
10.8
13.5
24.7
21.1
TDP µM
0.11
0.14
0.08
0.12
0.10
0.07
0.11
0.11
0.09
0.11
0.06
0.08
Ca µM
316
290
305
305
311
305
312
309
308
639
917
668
Mg µM
68.5
62.6
66.2
65.8
67.5
66.1
67
66.3
66.3
114
176
146
Na µM
13.1
13.1
12.9
13.3
27.8
12.8
13.2
13.4
12.8
20.4
30.8
22.3
K µM
7.5
8.1
7.4
7.5
9.2
7.4
7.8
7.7
7.4
4.4
5.7
5.4
Si µM
17.9
29.7
16.5
16.4
19.1
16.4
15.8
15.9
16.5
38.0
41.2
30.5
.
7.75
8.69
8.48
8.80
8.73
8.78
8.74
8.43
.
.
.
Oxygen
mg/L
Supplemental Table 3. Limnological variables measured at Lake I-8 during the 4 Jul 2007 intensive spatial sampling (see Kling et
al. 2000 for methodology).
Supplemental Materials
0.34
1.85
0.97
1.06
0.65
1.05
0.94
1.02
1.01
0.41
0.36
0.23
Chla µg/L
Supplemental Materials
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake
Supplemental Figure 1. Diffusion of 14C-leucine across dialysis bags. Upper line (triangles) is
radioactivity of 14C-labeled leucine measured inside a dialysis bag (in scintillation counts per
minute (CPM) per ml), while the lower line is radioactivity measured in the fluid exterior of the
bag (squares). Black solid lines are fitted to the curves with exponential equations (decay and
increase, R2 = 0.997 and 0.84), and gray dashed lines are 95% confidence intervals. Error bars
on data points are standard error of the mean.
4
Supplemental Materials
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake
Supplemental Figure 2. Plot of isotherms in Lake I-8 from summer 2003. Bars indicate the
depth range where the density of the inflow water from I-8 inlet is the same as the water within
the lake (density calculated using measured temperature and salinity).
5
Supplemental Materials
Metacommunity dynamics of bacteria in an arctic lake
Supplemental Figure 3. Conductivity (left) and pH (right) depth profiles for the sampling
transect in the western basin of Lake I-8 on 4 Jul 2007. I-8 southwest station (black circles)
clearly shows the influence of the main inlet stream in higher conductivity and lower pH,
compared to the west (light gray squares) and northwest (dark gray triangles) stations.
6