Planning of
Next Generation Wireless Networks:
Challenges and Solutions
Roland Götz
LS telcom AG
ITU-BDT Regional Seminar on Fixed Mobile Convergence and New
Network Architectures for the Arab Region
Tunis, Tunisia, 21-24 November 2005
Agenda
• Company Profile
• Partnership between ITU & LS telcom AG
• Case Study
• Definition of Scenarios / Basic Business Models
• Comparison and Selection of Equipment
• Planning Guideline
• Tool-based Network Design
• Basic Cost Analysis
• Lessons Learned
1
Company Profile LS telcom AG
Founded in 1991
Offering Solutions (Software & Services) for Radio Network
Planning and Spectrum Management
Headquarters
Lichtenau / Germany
International Subsidiaries
Spectrocan - Ottawa/Canada
LS China - Shanghai
LS Hungary - Budapest
LS South Africa – Johannesburg
Export Share almost 90%
Successfully completed projects in more than 50 countries
worldwide
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
3
Lines of Business
Spectrum Management
Systems
RF Engineering
Software Tools
Comprehensive, fully-integrated
Radio Network Planning Tools for
Spectrum Management Systems
Mobile, Microwave and Broadcast
Networks
Engineering Services
Network Planning
Engineering and Network Planning
Services covering the complete
life-cycle of a network
2005 by LS telcom AG
Consulting Services
& Training
Spectrum Managers, RF Specialists
and Professional Lecturers covering a
wide range of expert knowledge,
international and practical experience.
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
4
2
Our Clients are our References
China
Singapore Taiwan
Malaysia
Thailand
Indonesia
Pakistan
Bangladesh India
Sri Lanka Australia
Iran
Canada
Egypt
South
Africa
More than 45 national regulatory
agencies have been relying on
our products and services …
Mexico
Nicaragua
Uganda
ELEKTRONISKO SAKARU
DIREKCIJA
Nigeria
Columbia
Morocco
Argentina
UAE
Germany
Sweden Denmark
2005 by LS telcom AG
Netherlands Portugal
Hungary Finland
Ukraine
Czech Rep.
Austria
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
Luxembourg
Belgium
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
5
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
6
Our Clients are our References
… and leading telecom
operators and system
suppliers use our
software tools and
services
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
3
Partnership between ITU and LS telcom AG
Since years LS telcom participates in ITU Conferences,
Exhibitions, Regional Seminars and Workshops
Presentations covering network planning and spectrum
management topics have been held by LS telcom employees at
more than 20 ITU-Events
LS telcom assisted ITU experts in creating case studies for
developing countries
LS telcom assisted in writing the „Radio Network Planning
Manual“
CoE´s have been supported with software installations for
training and education on spectrum management issues
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
7
Partnership between ITU and LS telcom AG
now
A Memorandum of Understanding between ITU and LS telcom
AG for „Non-Exclusive Cooperation in the Field of Network
Planning“ have been signed earlier this year
Partnership Agreement have been signed, that will add
MULTIlink – LS telcom´s Planning Tool for Radio Access Planning
and Core Radio Planning – to a selection of network planning
tools to be used for training purposes and to be presented during
official ITU-BDT workshops, seminars and training courses
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
8
4
About the Software
MULTILink is used worldwide by
Network operators
Telecom regulators
Consulting & Engineering companies
MULTILINK is a network planning tool for
Interactive microwave link engineering
Planning of core radio network
Design of radio access networks
Planning wireless broadband networks
Frequency allocation and coordination
(ITU-R recommendations are implemeted)
MULTIlink could be used for case studies, as well as for the
planning, operation and optimization of real wireless networks
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com
www.LStelcom.com
9
Partnership between ITU and LS telcom AG
Under the Agreement
A full version of the software tool package MULTIlink have been
installed at the ITU headquarters in Geneva
The tool can be used for training purposes
The tool will be presented during official ITU-BDT workshops,
seminars and trainings
The tooI could be made available for ITU experts in order to model
high-level case studies for next-generation networks (NGN) on a
non-commercial basis to help governments and newly-formed
regulators of developing countries
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 10
www.LStelcom.com
5
Partnership between ITU and LS telcom AG
Under the Partnership Agreement
the Partners would be able to provide SOLUTIONS for
Developing Countries
...and a SOLUTION is not just a software,
a SOLUTION could be a mixture of
Planning tool / Software
Training
Consultancy
Engineering
...best fitting to the requirements of a certain project
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 11
www.LStelcom.com
Case Study:
Planning Fixed BWA Networks
Planning of Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Networks
In structure of a case study, the planning of a broadband wireless
access network in different environments will be presented.
The presentation will:
Determine the requirements and demands towards fixed
broadband wireless access networks in different environments
Provide an overview on business modeling
Develop the network planning process
Analyze the basic cost model
The network design is based on real scenarios using
state-of-the-art planning tool MULTIlink by LS telcom
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 12
www.LStelcom.com
6
Case Study:
Planning Fixed BWA Networks
Project Description
BWA Network to provide fast Internet
3,5 GHz band
Three different Scenarios
Scenario 1: Rural Area
Scenario 2: Suburban Area
Scenario 3: Urban Area
2 Sub-Scenarios
Basic Business Model and Coverage Criteria
Project Steps
Definition of the “Scenarios”
Comparison of available Hardware
Definition of the Planning Guideline
Tool-based Network Design
Basic Cost Analysis
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 13
www.LStelcom.com
Scenario 1: “Rural Area”
Valley, villages
Lower average income
Lower penetration of home
computers
Fewer business
No DSL via cable available, “no
competition”
Residential-dominated market
Outdoor coverage (using outdoor
antenna)
Large cell sizes
Existing core network / microwave
link for backhaul
Data Rate:
2005 by LS telcom AG
>1.0 Mbit/s
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 14
www.LStelcom.com
7
Scenario 2: “Suburban Area”
Valley, medium-sized city
Average income
Medium penetration of home
computers
Small business
Partly cable or DSL, limited
competition
Residential & small business market
Outdoor, partly indoor coverage
Medium cell sizes
Extension (more capacity) of existing
core network necessary
Data Rate:
>2.5 Mbit/s: 40%
>1.0 Mbit/s: 60%
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 15
www.LStelcom.com
Scenario 3: “Urban Area”
Major city, high-rise buildings
Many potential broadband customers
High penetration of home computers
Many business users
Cable and/or DSL available, strong
competition
Residential & business market
Indoor coverage dominant
Small cell sizes
Extension (more capacity) of existing
or new core network necessary
Data Rate:
>2.5 Mbit/s, 1Mbit/s
2 Sub-scenarios:
3.1: basic coverage
3.2: extended indoor coverage
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 16
www.LStelcom.com
8
Hardware Comparison & Selection
Technical Data Base Stations
Hersteller
Vendor
Multiple access scheme
Duplex Mode
Ausgangsleistung
Bandbreite
Navini Ripwave
Airspan WipLL
Airspan ASMAX MacroMAX
CDMA (MC-SCDMA)
TDD
max. 47 dBm (EIRP)
5 Mhz, 10 x 500 kHz subchannels
max. 17 dBi
QPSK / 8BPSK / 16 QAM
PPMA
TDD/FDD
max. 27 dBm
1 MHz sub-channel spacing
Vendor 1
Output Power
Antenna Gain
Bandwidth
Modulation
Capaity (max.)
2005 by LS telcom AG
Vendor 3
4 Mbit/s
256 FFT OFDM / TDMA
HD- FDD/TDD
max. 33 dBm
3,5 / 7 / 14 MHz channel
spacing
max. 12 dBi (60°-Antenne)
BPSK, QPSK, 6QAM,
64QAM
35 Mbit/s (64QAM)
24 BSRs
12
5Mhz, 10x500 kHz subchannels
QPSK
Vendor 2
27 dBm
max. 18 dBi /externe
Antenne
1 MHz sub-channel
spacing
2 / 4 / 8 CPFSK
Vendor 3
20 dBm
max. 6 dBi (internal;
integrated)
3,5 MHz channel spacing
2,2 Mbit/s (QPSK)
4 Mbit/s (8CPFSK)
:8
eck : 4
h
st C ted
Fir rt-lis
max. Kapazität
4.2 Mbit/s (16 QAM)
o pro Sektor (5 MHz )
Sh n:
ts nt
sBS
e
max. Sektoranzahl
pro
3
e
h
t
T
ld
me
Fie sure
n
a
aig User Terminals
Me Data
Technical
p
m
Vendor
Vendor 1
Ca
Antennengewinn
Modulationsarten
Vendor 2
31 dBm (EIRP)
6 dBi
max. 18 dBi (15°-Antenne)
2 / 4 / 8 CPFSK
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM,
64QAM
13,1 Mbit/s (3,5 MHz,FDD)
...
...
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 17
www.LStelcom.com
Hardware Comparison & Selection
Vendor Evaluation Ratios
c
Te
h
al
n ic
ta
Da
e
ag
er ion
v
t
Co ula
m
i
S
ld
F ie
st
Te
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 18
www.LStelcom.com
9
Hardware Comparison & Selection
receiver height
2,5 m
5,0 m
9,0 m
vendor 1
vendor 2
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 19
www.LStelcom.com
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
Hardware Comparison & Selection
Results (for suburban scenario):
Vendor Evaluation Matrix
1
2005 by LS telcom AG
2
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
3
4
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 20
www.LStelcom.com
10
Hardware Comparison & Selection
Different scenarios
Different requirements
Different business cases
One equipment type will not be the winner for all scenarios
Each scenario has it´s „own“ favourite equipment
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 21
www.LStelcom.com
Planning Guideline
WB Network Planning Issues
Special Wireless Broadband Planning Issues
Sufficiently high Reliability and Accuracy of the Prediction required
To decide whether service can be provided at all
To distinguish between various service classes
Under the constrains
Often NLOS radio channels
Prediction of received signal levels (wanted and interferer) extremely
difficult and require expensive 3D terrain and building data
Different user terminals in use
Indoor (quasi omni antenna)
User mounted antenna at window (directive antenna)
(Roof antenna)
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 22
www.LStelcom.com
11
Planning Guideline
Parameters
For Scenario 1: “Rural Area”
Based on existing sites
Tx antenna height: 20m above
ground
Receiver height: 2.5 / 5.0 / 9.0 m
Medium Resolution Data (25m / 50m)
based on 2 different files:
Digital Terrain Model, elevation of
earth-surface
Digital Clutter Model, describing land
use above terrain
Provide no building heights
Deterministic or empirical prediction
model
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 23
www.LStelcom.com
Planning Guideline
Parameters
For Scenarios 2 + 3:
”Suburban and Urban Area”
“Greenfield” planning, fictive sites
Tx antenna height: 3m above rooftop
Receiver height: 2.5 / 5.0 / 9.0 m
High Resolution Data (1m / 5m)
Digital Elevation Model, elevation of
earth surface + building heigths
Sat-Image, 1m resolution
Provide details of buildings
Deterministic, empirical prediction
model or 3D ray-tracing model
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 24
www.LStelcom.com
12
Planning Guideline
Digital Terrain Data
Topographical Data
Elevation Data
... for Predictions and Analysis
DTM
DTM – Digital Terrain Model
Elevation of earth surface
DEM – Digital Elevation
Model
DEM
Elevation of earth surface +
building height
Building
Building
Elevation of earth surface +
building height
Only at building areas
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 25
www.LStelcom.com
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
Planning Guideline
Link Budgets
Based on the system data of the
selected equipment, the link budgets
for the different scenarios
rural, suburban, urban
outdoor, indoor
data rate
Linkbilanz für Navini WLL System Ripwave 3.5 GHz / 2.5 Mbit/s / Indoor
Downlink
Max. Sendeleistung
Anzahl parallel genutzter Codes
Max Sendeleistung pro Code
Max. Sendeleistung pro Code in dBm
Kabelverluste
Antenna Gain
EIRP pro Code
Different Cell Sizes dependent on
equipment, data rate, service type
9,0 dBm
2,0 dB
17,0 dBi
24,0 dBm
Max. Sendeleistung
Anzahl parallel genutzter Codes
Max Sendeleistung pro Code
10,2 dBm
0,0 dB
Antenna Gain
EIRP pro Code
6,0 dBi
16,2 dBm
Empfänger ( WLL Basisstation )
Rauschdichte Thermisches Rauschen
-174,0 dBm/Hz
Rauschdichte Thermisches Rauschen
-174,0 dBm/Hz
5,0 dB
-169,0 dB/Hz
400,0 kHz
Rauschzahl Empfänger
Rauschdichte Empfänger
Effektive Bandbreite pro Subcarrier
5,0 dB
-169,0 dB/Hz
400,0 kHz
Rauschleistung am Empfänger
Noise Rise (50% Zelllast)
-113,0 dBm
3,0 dB
Rauschleistung am Empfänger
Noise Rise (50% Zelllast)
-113,0 dBm
3,0 dB
Interferenzleistung am Empfänger
Rauschen + Interferenz Empfänger
-113,0 dBm
-110,0 dBm
Interferenzleistung am Empfänger
Rauschen + Interferenz am Empfänger
-113,0 dBm
-110,0 dBm
Min. Empfangspegel
Antennengewinn
32
15,1 dB
6,0 dB
-119,0 dBm
6,0 dBi
Spreizfaktor
Processing Gain
benötigtes Eb/N0
-119,0 dBm
17,0 dBi
2,0 dB
150,3 dB
Kabelverluste
Max. Funkfelddämpfung (50%)
0,0 dB
149,1 dB
Kabelverluste
Max. Funkfelddämpfung (50%)
Zuschlag Versorgungswahrsch. 95 %
Reflektionsdämpfung
Gebäudedämpfung
Designwert Funkfelddämfpung (95 %)
12,0 dB
9,0 dB
20,0 dB
108,1 dB
Zuschlag Versorgungswahrsch. 95 %
Reflektionsdämpfung
Gebäudedämpfung
Designwert Funkfelddämfpung (95 %)
1,733 km
Maximale Linklänge
Vendor 1
Vendor 2
Vendor 3
1480 m
140 m
1120 m
Indoor 1,0 Mbit/s
1890 m
170 m
1360 m
Outdoor 2,5 Mbit/s
18400 m
2600 m
19600 m
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
32
15,1 dB
6,0 dB
Min. Empfangspegel
Antennengewinn
Indoor 2,5 Mbit/s
2005 by LS telcom AG
316,0 mW
30,0
10,5 mW
Max. Sendeleistung pro Code in dBm
Kabelverluste
Rauschzahl Empfänger
Rauschdichte Empfänger
Effektive Bandbreite pro Subcarrier
Maximale Linklänge
Vendor
Sender ( WLL Terminal )
1600,0 mW
200,0
8,0 mW
Empfänger ( WLL Terminal )
Spreizfaktor
Processing Gain
benötigtes Eb/N0
have been generated
Uplink
Sender ( WLL Basisstation )
12,0 dB
9,0 dB
20,0 dB
109,3 dB
1,990 km
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 26
www.LStelcom.com
13
Network Design
Rural Scenario
1 Base Station
3 Sectors, 3 Channels
Microwave link as backhault
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 27
www.LStelcom.com
Network Design
Rural Scenario
Rural Area
Coverage Plot
Best Server
blue: outdoor 1Mbit/s
yellow: indoor 1Mbit/s
red: indoor 2,5 Mbit/s
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 28
www.LStelcom.com
14
Network Design
Suburban Scenario
4 Base Stations
10 Sectors
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 29
www.LStelcom.com
Network Design
Suburban Scenario
Suburban Area
Coverage Plot
Best Server
blue: outdoor 1Mbit/s
yellow: indoor 1Mbit/s
red: indoor 2,5 Mbit/s
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 30
www.LStelcom.com
15
Network Design
Urban Scenario
2 Sub-Scenarios:
Sub-Scenario 1: Basic coverage
Sub-Scenario 2: Extended indoor coverage
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 31
www.LStelcom.com
Network Design
Urban Scenario
Zoom In
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 32
www.LStelcom.com
16
Comparison of Scenarios for Vienna
Coverage Situation
Scenario 1: Basic coverage
Scenario 2: Extended indoor coverage
BaseStations
Covered Households
Indoor
Outdoor
Total
Scenario 1
16
34 %
36 %
70 %
Scenario 2
60
65 %
30 %
95 %
Indoor coverage +91%
no of base stations +375%
Side effect: no. of total covered household increase from 70% to 95%
More customers could be reached -> more business
More “cheaper” indoor units could be used
Lower costs per customer (equipment, installation)
Which scenario should be used?
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 33
www.LStelcom.com
Assumptions for Basic Cost Model (1)
For both sub-scenarios
(basic coverage and extended indoor coverage)
the following assumptions have been taken:
Network Rollout finished in first year
Number of base stations is constant during operation
Customer acquisition starts in year 1
Customer acceptance of service within 5 years
After 5 years 5% of covered Households are using our service
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 34
www.LStelcom.com
17
Assumptions for Basic Cost Model (2)
Service Model
Residential Market only
Competes with fixed network DSL and other WB operator
Offered Service -> Data only
Service has to compete with DSL:
Customer equipment fully paid by operator
Revenue per customer comparable to DSL (25 Euro per month)
Initial payment of 50 Euro per customer independent of indoor or
outdoor installation
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 35
www.LStelcom.com
Cost comparison
Comparison of Cost for 10 Years of operation
100%: Revenue
in 10 years
e
Sc
70%
ri
na
o2
Scenario 1
60%
e
Sc
1
Capex
40%
ro
na
Capex
50%
30%
Opex
Opex
Scenario 1: 41%
Scenario 2: 63%
To
ta
l
+ No of BTSen
= CPE (outdoor ->
indoor)
Tr
a
ns
m
is
O
th
er
hi
ng
si
on
+S
w
itc
C
PE
Ac
ce
ss
-N
et
0%
Capex
CPE: Customer Premise Equipment
20%
10%
Scenario 2
Opex
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 36
www.LStelcom.com
18
Revenue and Cost
Total Cost vs. Total Revenue
60,000,000
revenue 2
50,000,000
40,000,000
en
Sc
o
ari
2
revenue 1
Cost (Scenario 1)
cost 2
30,000,000
Cost (Scenario 2)
Revenue (Scenario 1)
Revenue (Scenario 2)
20,000,000
cost 1
10,000,000
0
1
2
3
io
ar
en
c
S
4
1
5
6
7
8
9
10
Scenario 2 reaches more customers -> higher revenue
But:
higher costs -> break even later
higher invest
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
2005 by LS telcom AG
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 37
www.LStelcom.com
Profit
Total Profit
30,000,000
25,000,000
20,000,000
ari
en
Sc
15,000,000
10,000,000
o1
Scenario 1
5,000,000
0
Scenario 2
0
-5,000,000
1
2
3
4
5
-10,000,000
-15,000,000
en
Sc
6
o
ari
7
8
9
10
2
-20,000,000
Lower profit for scenario 2 during period of 10 years
More customers, but higher costs
this could change after approx. 15 years
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 38
www.LStelcom.com
19
Modified Parameter
Higher Network Quality for Scenario 2
„Better“ coverage situation
More covered area
More indoor coverage
Higher acceptance
Stronger position against competitors
More customers
Assumption:
higher penetration rate for scenario 2,
6% (for scenario 2), of 5% (for scenario 1)
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 39
www.LStelcom.com
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
2005 by LS telcom AG
Modified Parameter
Scenario 2 reaches higher penetration rate (6 %) than scenario 1 (5%)
due to better network quality
Tota l Profit
40,000,000
30,000,000
20,000,000
10,000,000
0
Sce
0
1
2
3
4
1
nario
5
-10,000,000
-20,000,000
-30,000,000
en
Sc
ari
Sc enario 1
Sc enario 2
6
7
8
9
10
o2
Year of Operation
Still scenario 1 first to reach break-even
Higher profit for scenario 2 after approx. 8 years of operation
Higher invest / risk for scenario 2
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 40
www.LStelcom.com
20
Results (1)
3 Scenarios have been defined
For each scenario the following tasks have been performed:
Development of basic business plan
Definition of the planning guideline
Link budgets
Terrain data sets
Calculations algorithms
Planning procedure
Selection / Evaluation of hardware
Network design
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 41
www.LStelcom.com
Results (2)
Creation of input data for business case planning
- Number of base stations
- Covered area
- Necessary bandwidth
- Services to be offered
Basic Cost Model for Urban Scenario
- 2 Sub-scenarios
- Costs
- Revenue
- Profit
- Modified Parameters
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 42
www.LStelcom.com
21
Results (3)
Exact statement whether a NLOS subscriber can be reached with a
defined quality of service is extremly difficult and requires highest standard
on terrain data and planning algorithms
Basic LOS and NLOS analysis allows rough statement about subscriber
coverage
Different scenarios (environments) need different business models
Especially the rural scenario with strong competition needs detailed cost
analysis
The „rural scenario“, has lowest investment, a short payback period, low
competition -> reduced investment risk
Selected cherry-pick-regions could be used by new operators to build up
qualitiy standards, operation concepts, reputation in a low risk environment
(technical & finacial)
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 43
www.LStelcom.com
For more information:
Roland Götz
Member of the Board, LS telcom AG
Phone: +49 (0) 7227 9535 700
Email: RGoetz@LStelcom.com
Web: www.LStelcom.com
2005 by LS telcom AG
Planning of Next Generation Wireless Networks: Challenges and Solutions
rgoetz@LStelcom.com 44
www.LStelcom.com
22