UMTS Forum
IMT-2000 spectrum activities
Christoph Legutko
Siemens AG
Director Frequency Policy
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Why does the UTMS Forum investigate radio spectrum ?
• Growth of terrestrial mobile services always underestimated
• Industry consensus for spectrum calculations required
• Spectrum could be overloaded within the next five years
2
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UMTS Forum Studies
• 30 Reports on ...
– Regulatory, Frequency Spectrum
– Services and Applications
– Market and Technology
– User Behaviour
• White Papers
– Evolution 2G – 3G
– Spectrum
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IMT-2000 Frequency Spectrum after WRC2000
800
850
900
950
1000
1700
1750
1800 1850
1900
1950
2000
ITU Allocations
IMT 2000
Europe
China
Japan, Korea
(w/o PHS)
North America
Brasil, Venezuela
IMT 2000
GSM
Cellular
GSM
PDC
Cellular
Cellular
DECT
GSM 1800
GSM 1800, PCS
PDC
PHS
Cell.
A DBB EF C
Cell.
2100
2150
2200 2250
IMT
MSS
UMTS
MSS
IMT
MSS
IMT 2000 MSS
MSS
IMT 2000 MSS
IMT
PCS
AWS
2050
A DBB E F C
IMT
2000
MSS
IMT 2000 MSS
AWS
MSS
2600 2650 2700
IMT
MSS
UMTS
2500 2550
under study
IMT 2000
under study
under study
under study
IMT
2000
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2
Spectrum for cellular services
IMT-2000
GSM 1800
1710-1785
1805-1880
PDC
(Japan)
843-940
1429-1453/
1477-1501
AMPS
NMT
Cellular
824-849 / 869-894
Σ =50 MHz
GSM 900
880-915 / 925-960
Σ =70 MHz
142 countries
Σ=150 MHz
1885 - 1980
PCS 1900
GSM 1900
1850 - 1910
1930 - 1990
+1980 - 2025
+2110 - 2200
Σ=230 MHz
IMT - 2000
2500 - 2690
Σ=190 MHz
Σ=140 MHz
Σ=145 MHz
40 countries 16 countries 50 countries
Σ=Total Bandwidth (MHz)
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SPECTRUM
Source: Siemens 2002
World Harmonisation
Advanced Wireless Services
NA GDP
US $ 9,3 trillions
31 % of world
Pop
304 million
CDMA2000, EDGE
LA GDP
US $ 1,2 trillions
4 % of world
Pop
317 million
GDP
US $ 19,7 trillions
65 % of world
Pop
5,4 billion
UMTS
UMTS ≥ 2002
UMTS ≥ 2005
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3
Why new Spectrum?
MHz
600
500
Many Services,
More Capacity
400
Sound
300
Data
Same Service,
More Capacity
200
100
0
Video
Voice
Voice
Digital
IP
2G
3G
Voice
Analogue
1G
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3G Operator Spectrum Scenarios
Urban sector needs 20 – 30 Mbps /km² (5000 users/km², Ø = 100 – 300 kbps)
Operator Spectrum
Scenario [MHz]
1)
Traffic
Capacity
3G Service
Capability
Licenses
granted
Paired
Unpaired
Mbps/km² 1)
2 x 10
-
13
Limited
<5
2 x 10
5
16
2 x 15
-
19
Some
restrictions
< 20
2 x 15
5
23
Full
> 80
2 x 20
-
26
2 x 20
5
30
Full
<5
Uplink & Downlink/Urban sector/cell Ø = 0.6 km;
Spectral Efficiency 180 kbps/MHz cell
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4
Wireless must trade-off between
data throughput, mobility and range
n Mobile radio access networks are designed to meet certain maximum requirements
for grade of mobility and range
n WLANs are designed for high data rates, low ranges and generally low mobility
Mobility & Range
High Speed
Vehicular
Rural
Vehicular
Urban
GSM
3G/UMTS
Pedestrian
IEEE 802.11a
Indoor
Fixed urban
Personal Area
DECT
BlueTooth
0.5
BRAN
Hiperaccess
BRAN
Hiperlan2
2
20
155 Mbps
Total data
rate per cell
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WLAN and 3G will be complementary
•
WLAN provides a viable cordless data solution for quasi stationary
use:
– for corporate and campus scenarios
– for nomadic (business) users in the public hotspot environments
•
The coupling of WLAN and cellular should be as „soft“ as possible
in order not to overburden the individual systems
•
Economies of scale rely on mainstream WLAN technology;
proprietary solutions destroy the power of the embedded base
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5
The Next Step:
Frequency plan for the 2.5 GHz band
2450
2520
FIXED, MOBILE,
Radiolocation
2670
MSS
FIXED
Broadcasting Satellite
2483,5
2400
Radio Astronomy
MSS Radiolocation
IMT 2000
MSS
2690
2500
2600
2700
The actual situation
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Frequency discussion in the 2.5 GHz band
Agreed generic scenarios for the Band 2 500- 2 690 MHz
from ITU-R Recommendation M.1036-2
MHz
2 500
2 690
Scenario 1
FDD UL (internal)
TDD
FDD DL (internal)
Scenario 2
FDD UL (internal)
FDD DL (external)
FDD DL (internal)
Scenario 3
FDD UL (internal)
Scenario 4
Scenario 5
Scenario 6
Scenario 7
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Scenario 3 FDD DL (external)
Scenario 4
Scenario 5
TDD
Scenario 6
Scenario 7
TDD
FDD DL (external)
FDD DL (internal)
TDD
FDD DL (external)
TDD
FDD DL (external)
UMTS-Forum as a discussion platform:
finding the optimal solution for customer, operators and supplier
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6
Spectrum Requirement Calculations
for Systems beyond IMT-2000
1. The Database model
• Forecast for future services and customer behaviour
• User density related to environments (e.g. urban, rural)
• Service and traffic characteristics
• Infrastructure and technology parameters
2. The methodology
• Packet switched services
• Terrestrial and satellite coverage
• Single and hierarchical cell layers
• Specific 3G calculations and simulations
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Calculation Method for Spectrum beyond IMT-2000
Market of Mobile
Communication
Distribution
Functions
Source: MIND Project
Architecture of the envisaged MIND spectrum calculation methodology
Map customers request
onto Radio Access Technology
Estimation frequency resources
per Radio Access Technology
Technical
Spectrum
Economical
Characteristics
requirements
Framework
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7
Learnings of the UMTS Forums work on
Spectrum Calculations
1. In years 2005-2010, Speech services will need all 2G band allocations .
2. The IMT-2000 Core Bands are sufficient to offer mobile multimedia
services up to the year 2005 and beyond.
3. Between the years 2005 - 2010, additional spectrum in the order of
190 MHz needs to be designated.
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Spectrum Issues
Learnings:
•
Spectrum Allocations outside IMT-2000 bands lead to industry
fragmentation
•
Insufficient Spectrum per Operator impacts its market success
•
Non-harmonised Spectrum plans cause co-ordination problems
and spectrum loss
Suggestions:
•
IMT-2000 Deployments in IMT-2000 bands only
•
Combine paired and unpaired spectrum:
WCDMA + TD-SCDMA complement each other
•
Equal partitioning of spectrum per Operator:
2 x 15 MHz paired and 5 MHz unpaired Minimum
•
Long Duration of Spectrum license ~ 20 years
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8
Conclusions
• UMTS-Forum SAG levels the interests of customer, operators and
supplier
• The UMTS Air Interface is more efficient than 2G - in particular for
mixed Voice and Data – lower costs!
• WLAN integration could play a catalytic role for subscriber growth
• UMTS network planning for mixed Voice & Data
• Harmonized spectrum important for roaming and large economy of
scale
• UMTS attracts the Market Players if open standards – not only for
allocated spectrum – are agreed
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With Compliments
For further information please contact:
UMTS Forum Secretariat
Russell Square House
10 - 12 Russell Square
London WC1B 5EE
United Kingdom
Tel.: +44 20 7331 2020
Fax: +44 20 7331 2040
E-Mail: info@umts-forum.org
www.umts-forum.org
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