HMSC
GC
856
.07
no.161
cop.2
;e of
Jceanic and Atmospheric Sciences
Coastal
Jet
Separa-
tion
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
Observations During the Coastal Jet
Separation Project
on R/V Wecoma,
August 23 to September 2, 1994
by
S. D. Pierce, J. A. Barth and R. L. Smith
College of Oceanic & Atmospheric Sciences
Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR 97331-5503
Date Report 161
Reference 95-3
November 1996
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Observations
during the Coastal Jet Separation project on R/V Wecoma,
August 23 to September 2, 1994
Stephen D. Pierce
John A. Barth
Robert L. Smith
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5503
Data Report 161
Reference 95-3
We present velocity observations from a shipborne acoustic Doppler current
profiler (ADCP) on RN Wecoma during cruise W9408A, August 23 to September 2,
1994. The ADCP processing procedures are described in detail. This cruise was part
of the Coastal Jet Separation project, funded by the National Science Foundation, to
study how and why a strong alongshore coastal current turns offshore, crosses steep
bottom topography, and becomes an oceanic jet. The focus of the cruise was a series
of high-resolution SeaSoar (CTD) and ADCP surveys across the continental margin
upstream and downstream of Cape Blanco, Oregon (43°N). The ADCP was an RD
Instruments hull-mounted 153.6 kHz unit. Data were collected nearly continuously
for the 10 day period, in a region extending about 200 km along the coast and 100
km offshore. Vertical bin length was 8 m and the typical depth range in open water
was 20-400 m. To reference the ADCP velocities, we used conventional global positioning system (GPS) navigation, supplemented by bottom-tracking where possible.
Table of Contents
Abstract
i
Introduction
1
Editing
3
Calibration
7
Navigation
9
Synopsis of Uncertainties ...........................................................................................................................
11
Data Presentation
13
Acknowledgments
13
References
14
Table 1. Line definitions and waypoints ...................................................................................................
15
Surface velocity vectors and ship position time series ...............................................................................
17
Horizontal maps of velocity vectors at standard depths .............................................................................
22
Vertical sections of U and V velocity for SeaSoar/ADCP lines, 0-200 in (300 in for lines 13-15) ..........
44
Vertical sections of cross-track velocity for diagonal SeaSoar/ADCP lines, 0-200 in ...............................
156
Vertical sections of U and V velocity for ADCP lines, 0-400 in ...............................................................
170
Vertical sections of cross-track velocity for diagonal ADCP lines, 0-400 in ............................................
292
Table 2. ADCP parameter file ...................................................................................................................
306
ii
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Observations
during the Coastal Jet Separation project on R/V Wecoma,
August 23 to September 2, 1994
Stephen D. Pierce
John A. Barth
Robert L. Smith
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5503
Data Report 161
Reference 95-3
INTRODUCTION
This report presents observations of velocity from a shipborne acoustic Doppler current profiler
(ADCP) on the RIV Wecoma during cruise W9408A, August 23 to September 2, 1994. This cruise
was part of the Coastal Jet Separation project, to study how and why a strong alongshore coastal
current turns offshore, crosses steep bottom topography, and becomes an oceanic jet. The cruise was
organized around the collection of SeaSoar (CTD) data. The SeaSoar towed undulating vehicle was
deployed during six periods, for a total of 7.6 days of the cruise (Figure 1). The SeaSoar data and a
cruise narrative are described in a separate data report, Barth et al. [1996]. The reader unfamiliar with
basic ADCP principles and terminology is referred to the helpful Practical Primer, RD Instruments
[1989].
The ADCP was an RD Instruments hull-mounted 153.6 kHz narrow-band model, with 4 beams
oriented 30° from vertical. The ADCP transducer was at a depth of 5 m. We set up the instrument
with a pulse length of 12 m, a bin width of 8 m, and an ensemble averaging time of 2.5 min.
Bottom-tracking was turned on for 12 different periods of the cruise when the bottom was visible to
the ADCP. The number of pings per ensemble varied from 51-140 when bottom-tracking was enabled
and from 126-148 when bottom-tracking was off. The error velocity threshold for raw pings during
data collection was 1 m/s, the blank-beyond-transmit length was 4 m, and only 4-beam solutions were
used. No corrections for pitch and roll were made; errors associated with these are likely to be small
(Kosro, 1985). Table 2 on the last page of this report is a copy of the file used to configure the RDI
1
R
le
a
J
a)
V
43
J
42
43
Tow 4
Cape Blanco
.42
f
-126
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124
-126
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124
-126
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124
44.
z
z°
°
aa)
J
43
co
'42
42
-126
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124
Fig. 1, "W9408A shiptrack (thin line, repeated on each panel) and SeaSoar tows (heavier lines).
2
data acquisition system.
The ADCP operated continuously during the cruise except for short interruptions required to
change system parameters, insert new diskettes, or repair minor problems. The 5 largest gaps were 14,
9, 7, 6, and 2 min in length; the others were each less than 1 min. Only 16 min worth of gaps
occurred during SeaSoar towing, where the ADCP data are especially valuable. The percentage-goodpings per ensemble and amplitude (AGC) statistics appear reasonable over the entire cruise (Figure 2),
with mean percentage-good-pings greater than 50% down to a depth of 425 m. More discussion of
these diagnostics is in the EDITING section below.
The ADCP data were initially processed and displayed in real-time by the RDI data acquisition
system running on a personal computer. Additional shipboard and shore processing were accomplished
using some components of the Common Oceanographic Data Access System (CODAS) software pack-
age made available by the University of Hawaii (Firing et al., 1995), running on a Sun Sparc 10. Parts
of the CODAS software required the Matlab language, and the plots for this report were made using
the Gri package (Kelley, 1995). Conventional global positioning system (GPS) navigation from a
Trimble 4000AX was integrated into the ADCP data stream using a "user exit" program. GPS fixes
were obtained within a few seconds of the end of each ADCP ensemble. Ship's heading was by gyro
compass. The quality of the GPS data was good except for an 80 min period close to the end of
SeaSoar tow 3, beginning August 27, 1712 UT, when the constellation was lost. We filled in this gap
with LORAN-C navigation recorded by the shipboard MIDAS system. The LORAN-C appears consistent with the GPS in this area; rms differences between LORAN-C and GPS for 1 h before and 1 h
after this gap were ±38 m in the zonal and ±218 m in the meridional directions.
EDITING
As the data quality decreases with depth, we must decide on the deepest usable bin for each 2.5
min ensemble. In addition, the data must be edited for interference with the sea floor in shallow water
and for occasional interference from the CTD hydrographic wire and other objects. To flag and
remove suspect data points, several methods were used in combination during post-processing, as
recommended by Firing et al. [1995] and others:
The percentage-good-pings per ensemble cutoff was set to 50%; below this point data were not used.
The %-good-pings is a record of the proportion of raw pings within the 2.5 min ensemble which are
3
AGC (Amplitude)
0
50
I
100
I
150
I
I
250
I
E
0
100
Fig. 2. Percentage-good-pings (solid) and AGC amplitude (dashed) means and standard deviations for the entire cruise, as a function of bin depth.
4
judged good internally by the RDI firmware and subsequently included in the ensemble average.
The automatic gain control (AGC) gives an indication of the echo return signal strength, scaled such
that 1 AGC count corresponds to about a 0.45 dB change in signal power. The AGC decreases with
bin depth in general. A small increase with depth may simply indicate the presence of a strong scattering layer due to a large zooplankton population, while a larger increase is probably a reflection off of
the sea floor. Individual ensembles were scanned for increases of AGC with depth >25 counts, and the
deepest subsequent bin where a local maximum is reached was taken as an indication of sea floor location.
In the deep water case, where no sea floor echo is detected, the AGC will eventually stop decreasing
with depth and become constant. This constant level is the noise floor; the signal of interest is no
longer present. We use a noise margin of 10, retaining bins which have AGC greater than 10 above
the noise floor.
The second differences with respect to z of u, v, and w were calculated for each profile (denoted d2u,
d2v, and d2w respectively). If the d2w value exceeded a cruise-long 2 standard deviation threshold
and either d2u or d2v also exceeded a 2 s.d. threshold, the bin was flagged as suspect. The d2w thres-
hold was 31.8 mm/s and the d2u and d2v thresholds were 111.0 mm/s. This method is recommended
by Firing et al. [1995] as a good way of detecting interference with one of the four ADCP beams, possibly caused by a CTD wire.
Since the ADCP initially measures velocity along the axes of four beams, which are then transformed
to the 3-dimensional components u, v, and w, there is redundancy in the scheme. This redundancy is
used within the RDI firmware to make two distinct estimates of the vertical velocity w. The difference
between these two estimates is called the error velocity and is a useful data quality indicator. A large
error velocity indicates an inconsistency among the oceanic velocities sampled by each of the 4 beams.
Thus it is another way of detecting interference with one of the beams caused by an object. We reject
individual bins which have an error velocity above 6 cm/s, a relatively conservative choice (Zedel and
Church [1987], for example, recommend using 17 cm/s); the results are not very sensitive to the
choice.
As additional precaution against sea floor interference, the profile was cut off at 85% of the estimated
depth from the above methods or at 85% of the bottom-track depth (if available), whichever was
5
0
100
4::
400
500
236
236.5
237
237.5
0
100
t
E 200
0
400
I
500
f
300
238.5
239
239.5
240
240.5
241
241.5
242
242.5
243
243.5
244
244.5
Julian day 1994
245
245.5
238
0
100
E 200
300
400
500
F
0
100
E 200
0
300
400
500
0
100
400
500
Fig. 3. Data points remaining after editing.
6
smaller. It is particularly important to guard against sea floor interference when crossing regions with
steep bottom topography, as in the present case.
The result of the editing is shown in Figure 3, where good data points are plotted and missing
points appear as white space. The line beneath is the ADCP bottom-track depth. Many of the minor
blank regions correspond to SeaSoar deployments, recoveries, or CTD stations, where the object in the
water interfered briefly with one or more of the 4 ADCP beams.
CALIBRATION
Sound speed
Sound speed was calculated from temperature measured at the ADCP transducer and an assumed
constant salinity, using the Chen & Millero sound speed formula. The salinity of 32.25 PSU was the
post-cruise mean of all SeaSoar measurements between 4.5-5.5 m; this brackets the transducer depth of
5 m. The ADCP thermistor was also post-calibrated using the SeaSoar temperature data between
4.5-5.5 m (Figure 4). A least-squares regression to temperature was significant, and the ADCP temperature was corrected as follows:
TO,,..
_ - 1.70 ± 0.04 + T x 1.068 ± 0.003. The uncertainty asso-
ciated with the temperature calibration leads to a maximum error in velocity of ±0.1 cm/s. Using an
assumed constant instead of a measured salinity leads to an estimated velocity error of ±0.2 cm/s.
Both of these are negligible compared to other sources of error.
Mean, minimum, and maximum sound speeds were calculated at each nominal 8 m bin using the
total range of SeaSoar temperature and salinity found at that depth. Correct bin depths were found by
integrating the mean sound speed profile. The uncertainty at each depth was figured by using the
minimum and maximum sound speed profiles. The uncertainty is ±0.1 m at a depth of 20 m and ±1 m
at 300 m.
Sensitivity and Alignment
We use the bottom-track method to determine and correct for the sensitivity error 5 (where the
ADCP data are scaled up by 0 + 1) and the ADCP/gyro misalignment angle a, following Joyce
[1988]. We assume that the bottom track velocity averaged over some segment of the cruise track
should be equal and opposite to the ship velocity from navigation. The degree to which this is not true
provides values for a and R.
7
Fig. 4. ADCP thermistor calibration
15
T adcp(°C) at 5 m
8
Using 59 hourly averages, we find (3 = -0.003±0.004. For a, we figure both an offset and a
slope with time (Figure 5). Physically, the offset can be associated with a fixed transducer misalign-
ment while the slope is due to gyro compass drift over time. The offset of 1.51 ± 0.11' and drift of
0.14 ± 0.03° per day are reasonable values (Pollard and Read, 1989). At worst (at highest ship speed
of 7.2 m/s), the a and 0 uncertainties imply unknown biases of 1.4 and 2.9 cm/s respectively.
NAVIGATION
To reference the ADCP velocities to absolute (earth) coordinates, ship speed was determined by
bottom-tracking where possible (about 1/4 of the cruise, Figure 3); elsewhere navigation was applied
using the reference layer method (with a 30-62 m reference layer). Following Kosro [1985] or Wilson
and Leetmaa [1988], we first calculate the absolute velocity of the reference layer, smooth it to reduce
navigational noise, and then subtract the shear profile for each ensemble to determine absolute velocities at all depths. For the 50 hours when both bottom-tracking was available and the depth was greater
than 62 m, the reference layer method was also applied, in order to test the accuracy of the latter.
Differences between bottom-tracked and navigation-derived velocities are assumed to be mostly due to
errors associated with the navigation.
Both the navigation data set at the raw sampling interval (2.5 min) and the reference layer abso-
lute velocities derived from it are noisy. To be useful they must be smoothed or filtered. This is a
difficult filtering problem since it is not a simple case of removing noise from a time series; this is
both a time and a spatial series. We did this in a two-step process:
The raw position data were smoothed with a smoothing spline in x and y. This spline minimizes the
overall curvature of the result, while not exceeding a given rms-error-allowed deviation
ep
from the
raw data. The spline algorithm is by Reinsch [1967] and available as IMSL library routine dcssmh. We
found that
ep
values of either 40 or 55 m gave the best overall performance (Figure 6b, bold line).
We settle on the
m value for
ep
ep
of 40 m, since we want to guard against oversmoothing the ship's track. The 40
is within the range of published estimates of GPS uncertainty (Hofmann-Wellenhof et
al., 1994), thus consistent with the premise that the spline is removing noise from the data.
We used the position data to calculate absolute reference layer velocities. These noisy velocities
were then low-pass filtered in a robust manner (excluding velocities > 2 s.d. from the mean) in the
time domain with a Blackman window: w(t) = 0.42-0.5cos(2itt/T)+0.08cos(4itt/T). The choice of
9
A
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -x- - - - zj
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
Julian day 1994
243
244
245
Fig. 5. Hourly average values of misalignment angle a, figured by navigation and bottom-tracking
using the method of Joyce [1988]. The linear regression yields a slope of 0.14±0.03° per day and an
offset of 1.51±0.11 °.
10
the filter half-width T is discussed below. The resulting smoothed velocities are also integrated back
to obtain a new consistent and smooth set of ship positions. This step uses the smoothr routine in the
CODAS package.
The first of the above steps is a relatively minor yet beneficial one; the second is more important.
The second step is the only smoothing method recommended by Firing et al. [1995], yet they also
admit that it is ad hoc and not necessarily optimum. It it not surprising, therefore, that with the addition of the first step (our spline smoothing of the raw positions), we are able to do slightly better.
To evaluate the results, we computed rms differences between the final reference layer velocities
obtained using navigation and the same velocities obtained from bottom-tracking. In Figure 6a, the 30
min choice for the filter half-width, T, was suggested by the break in the curves. A longer filter would
mean further possible distortion of oceanic features (in the absolute velocity) of interest, while a
shorter one results in more noise from navigation. The result of the smoothing spline step is a modest
decrease in the rms error (Figure 6a). For the 30 min filter, U,,,,, went from 7.0 to 6.7 cm/s and V,,,,,
went from 7.8 to 6.9 cm/s. The difference between the U and V result is associated with the ocean
circulation in this area; the natural variability in V is larger than U. The spline leads to greater
improvement because more noise was present initially. The spline provides a modest improvement for
a range of filter choices from 25-70 min.
SYNOPSIS OF UNCERTAINTIES
The inherent short-term random uncertainty in an ADCP velocity for a 2.5 min ensemble and 8 m
bin ranges between ±1.1 and ±2.6 cm/s (RDI, 1989). The range is due to variability in the number of
pings per ensemble. This form of error will be reduced with further averaging. For the typical case of
10 min averaged data, the short-term random uncertainty is at most ±1.3 cm/s.
If bottom-tracking is used, the absolute ADCP velocity may have an unknown bias of 1 cm/s
(due to inherent limitations of the bottom-track method, RDI [1989]). If bottom-tracking is not used,
the absolute ADCP velocity may have an unknown bias of 2.3 cm/s (combination of sensitivity and
alignment errors). In addition, the absolute velocity has a random error due to navigational uncertainty
of ±6.8 cm/s and is low-pass filtered to suppress motions with time scales of less than 30 min (for
features which are depth-independent throughout the 30-62 m reference layer). For the typical case of
10 min data, the effective filtering of the reference layer is 40 min (the original 30 min filter convolved
11
0
30
Filter half-width (minutes)
60
Fig. 6a. Rms difference between absolute velocities of the reference layer
from navigation and bottom-tracking, vs. low-pass filter width. The spline
smoothing parameter ep is kept fixed at 40 m.
E
E
Cr
0.06
20
40
60
Assumed error in position ep for smoothing spline (m)
Fig. 6b. Rms difference between absolute velocities of the reference layer from
navigation and bottom-tracking, vs. spline-smoothing parameter. The low-pass
filter width is kept fixed at 30 minutes while the assumed rms position error ep
is varied.
12
with the 10 min block average), so this error is reduced to ±6.1 cm/s.
DATA PRESENTATION
First, on pp. 17-21, we show the time series of 10-min averaged ADCP vectors at the surface (a
10 m layer centered at 25 m depth), with ship location plotted below.
Next, on pp. 22-43, maps of ADCP vectors at 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 m
depths are displayed for two time periods (before and after year day 241.07822, 29-Aug-94 01:52:37
UTC), each representing roughly half of the cruise period. Each vector is a 5 km spatial average in
the horizontal and 10 m in the vertical.
The vertical sections of ADCP velocity are contoured using a Barnes objective analysis scheme
with 3 iterations, as described in §3.6 of Daley [1991]. The horizontal (vertical) grid spacings are
1.2 km (8 m), and the successive smoothing lengthscales are 9.6 km (48 m), 4.8 km (24 m), and
2.4 km (12 m). Velocity contour units are cm/s, and negative regions are shaded. The location of
each section is indicated on a small map to the right of each plot. Table 1 on p. 15 lists the times and
positions of the line endpoints.
Vertical sections are made of east (U) and north (V) velocity for all SeaSoar/ADCP lines (pp.
44-155), cross-track velocity for diagonal SeaSoar/ADCP lines (pp. 156-168), deeper U and V velo-
city for all ADCP lines (pp. 170-291), and deeper cross -track velocity for diagonal ADCP lines (pp.
292-305).
The data described in this report will be publicly available from the National Oceanographic Data
Center Joint Archive for Shipboard ADCP (JASADCP). The JASADCP is accessible through the web
at http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/caldwell.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank the Wecoma's Marine Technicians, Marc Willis and Mike Hill, for their assistance in
collecting high-quality ADCP and SeaSoar data. We are grateful for the superb service provided by
the Wecoma's officers and crew. Mike Kosro provided valuable advice on the collection and process-
ing of the ADCP data. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant
OCE-9314370.
13
REFERENCES
Barth, J., R. O'Malley, J. Fleischbein, R. L. Smith, and A. Huyer, SeaSoar and CTD observations dur-
ing Coastal Jet Separation cruise W9408A, August to September 1994, Data Report 162, Ref.
96-1, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, 1996.
Daley, R. Atmospheric Data Analysis, 457 pp., Cambridge Press, Cambridge, 1991.
Firing, E., J. Ranada, and P. Caldwell, Processing ADCP data with the CODAS software system version 3.1, User's manual, 1995. (Both the manual and the software itself available via anonymous
ftp at: noio.soest.hawaii.edu:/pub/codas3).
Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., H. Lichtenegger, and J. Collins, Global Positioning System, Theory and Practice, 355 pp., Springer-Verlag, Wien, 1994.
Joyce, T. M., On in situ calibration of shipboard ADCPs, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 6, 169-172,
1989.
Kelley, D., Gri - a program to make science graphs, User's manual, 1995. (Both the manual and the
software itself available via anonymous ftp at: ftp.phys.ocean.dal.ca:/users/kelley/gri).
Kosro, P. M., Shipboard acoustic profiling during the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment, Ph.D.
thesis, SIO Ref. 85-8, 119 pp., Scripps Inst. of Oceanogr., La Jolla, Calif., 1985.
Pollard, R. and J. Read, A method for calibrating shipmounted acoustic Doppler profilers and the limi-
tations of gyro compasses, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 6, 859-865, 1989.
RD Instruments, Acoustic Doppler current profilers principles of operation: a practical primer, 40 pp.,
1989.
Reinsch, C. H., Smoothing by spline functions, Numerische Mathematik, 10, 177-183, 1967.
Wilson, D., and A. Leetmaa, Acoustic Doppler current profiling in the equatorial Pacific in 1989, J.
Geophys. Res., 93, 13947-13966, 1988.
Zedel, L. J., and J. A. Church, Real-time screening techniques for Doppler current profiler data, J.
Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 4, 572-581, 1987.
14
Table 1. W9408A line definitions and waypoints
Line
Seasoar
name
tow
Waypoints
Latitude (°N)
Longitude (°W)
Time (year day UTC)
NH-buoy
44 36.5
124 08.2
235.75060
NH-25
44 39.1
124 38.8
235.99236
Al
44 25.0
125 00.0
236.11236
recovery
deployment
44 19.1
44 17.1
125 00.0
125 00.1
236.14858
236.16667
A2
43 30.0
125 00.0
236.44323
A3
43 20.0
124 40.0
236.53343
FM-9
43 13.0
125 10.0
237.19653
B1
43 20.0
125 10.0
237.26668
B2
43 20.0
124 35.0
237.40106
B3
43 13.0
124 36.0
237.46374
B4
43 13.0
125 10.0
237.60896
B5
43 03.0
125 10.0
237.66469
B6
43 03.0
124 35.0
237.83339
B7
42 52.5
124 40.0
237.89301
C6
43 06.0
125 20.0
238.08160
C3
43 13.0
125 10.0
238.14910
C4
42 44.0
124 47.0
238 . 33302
C5
42 38.4
125 00.0
238.39498
C6
43 06.0
125 20.0
238.56529
C7
42 58.9
125 31.8
238.63083
C8
42 34.0
125 12.0
238.79883
C9
42 29.0
125 23.7
238.84777
CIO
42 54.3
125 43.1
239 . 00609
D1
42 40.0
126 20.0
239.18299
D2
42 24.0
125 43.1
239.36606
D3
41 54.0
126 20.0
239.59054
D4
41 54.0
125 43.1
239.76041
D4
41 54.0
125 43.1
239 . 91808
E1
43 13.0
125 43.1
240.42291
E2
43 13.0
125 10.0
240.55296
E3
41 37.9
125 10.0
241 . 07822
CR-1
41 54.0
124 18.0
241.61388
aO
1
bO
1
b
2
c
2
FM CTD
-
0-1
3
1
3
1-2
3
2
3
2-3
3
3
3
3-4
3
4
3
4-5
3
5
3
5-6
3
6
3
6-7
3
7
3
7-8
3
8
3
9
3
10
3
11
3
12
3
13
4
14
4
15
4
CR CTD
15
(Table 1 continued)
Line
Seasoar
name
tow
16
5
16-17
5
17
5
17-18
5
18
5
18-19
5
19
5
19-20
5
20
5
20-21
5
21
5
21-22
5
22
5
23
5
23-24
5
24
5
25
5
25-26
5
26
5
26-27
5
27
5
27-28
5
28
5
28-29
5
29
5
30
6
31
6
32
6
33
34
35
Waypoints
Latitude (°N)
Longitude (°W)
Time (year day UTC)
Fl
41 54.0
124 28.0
241.69306
CR-8
41 54.0
125 10.0
241.87027
F3
42 04.0
125 10.0
241.91979
F2
42 04.0
124 28.0
242.08259
F5
42 14.0
124 29.0
242.14956
F4
42 14.0
125 10.0
242.30961
F7
42 24.0
125 10.0
242.35918
F6
42 24.0
124 37.0
242.49523
F9
42 34.0
124 39.0
242.55606
F8
42 34.0
125 10.0
242.68956
Fl l
4244.0
125 10.0
242.74337
F 10
4244.0
12443.0
242.84197
F12
42 53.5
124 43.0
242.89497
B5
43 03.0
125 10.0
243.01163
Fl l
4244.0
125 10.0
243.11317
F13
42 44.0
125 00.0
243.15485
F14
43 03.0
125 00.0
243.26567
B6
43 03.0
124 34.0
243.36902
G1
43 08.0
124 34.0
243.39477
G2
43 08.0
125 10.0
243.54061
B4
43 13.0
125 10.0
243.56602
B3
43 13.0
124 36.5
243.70751
B2
43 20.0
124 29.5
243.75531
B1
43 20.0
125 10.0
243.91462
G3
43 30.0
125 10.0
243.96764
G4
43 30.0
124 21.0
244.15161
H 1(FM-4)
43 13.0
124 35.0
244.51806
H2(FM-9)
43 13.0
125 10.0
244.65897
H3
42 58.9
125 31.8
244.77424
H4
42 34.0
12510.)
244.94764
H2(FM-9)
43 13.0
125 10.0
245.18744
turn
43 40.4
124 19.7
245.36911
NH-near
44 30.2
124 09.7
245.54390
16
ADCP at 25 m depth, with longitude (solid) and latitude (dashed):
E 25
0
50
---------------44.4
124.4 -
44.0
124.8 43.6
43.2
- 42.8
42.4
126.0 -I
42.0
126.4
1
(23-Aug-94)
1
236
- 41.6
236.5
0
E 25
E
50
44.4
124.4 -
44.0
124.8 -I
43.6
0
125.2
43.2
C
0
-'
- 42.8
125.6
42.4
126.0 42.0
126 . 4
41.6
237
237.5
Year day
17
ADCP at 25 m depth, with longitude (solid) and latitude (dashed):
44.4
124.4 -
44.0
124.8 -I
43.6
43.2
0z
m
42.8
42.4
42.0
126.4
41.6
239
239.5
Year day
18
ADCP at 25 m depth, with longitude (solid) and latitude (dashed):
44.4
124.4 -I
44.0
124.8
43.6
a 125.2
43.2
0
42.8
125.6
42.4
126.0 42.0
126.4
(27-Aug-94)
- 41.6
240
240.5
\ kk J/////'//K..a
rI
E 25
U
50 J
124.4 -
44.4
I
44.0
124.8 43.6
r
su
125.2
0
J
43.2
a
m
-42 8
Z
.
125.6
I
- 42.4
126.0 - 42.0
126 . 4
41.6
241
241.5
Year day
19
ADCP at 25 m depth, with longitude (solid) and latitude (dashed):
1, '
I
Ail
25
I
50
44.4
124.4 -
44.0
124.8
43.6
43.2
42.8
42.4
-------------
126.0
42.0
126.4
41.6
(29-Aug-94)
242
242.5
f- 44.4
124.4 -
44.0
124.8
i- 43.6
0
125.2
125.6
43.2
42.8
----
42.4
126.0 42.0
------- T-
126.4
243
243.5
Year day
20
41.6
ADCP at 25 m depth, with longitude (solid) and latitude.(dashed):
1
711
X PrO5-7-*r*/
E 25
50
44.4
124.4
44.0
124.8 -I
---------------
43.6
125.2
43.2
0
42.8
125.6
42.4
126.0 -1
42.0
126.4
(31 -Aug-94)
r
41.6
244
244.5
44.4
124.4 -
44.0
43.6
43.2
42.8
42.4
126.0 42.0
126.4
T
F245
245.5
Year day
21
41.6
23-28 Aug
1994J
44.5
44
43.5
50
43
25 m ADCP
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
22
-124.5
-124
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
I
44.5 F-
44 -
43.5F-
42.5 -
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
23
-124.5
-124
-123.5
23-28 Aug 1994
44.5
44
43.5
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
24
-124.5
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
44.5
44
43.5
43
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
25
-124.5
-124
-123.5
23-28 Aug 1994
44.5
44
R
43.5
z°
U)
+r
43
42.5
44'
f
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
26
-124.5
-124
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
I
44.5
44
43.5
43
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
27
-124.5
-124
-123.5
23-28 Aug 1994
44.5
44
43.5
42.5
42
V
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
28
-124.5
-124
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
-125.5
I
-125
Longitude (°E)
29
23-28 Aua 1994
44.5
r
f
44
43.5
z
0
a)
-o
=
-J
43
42.5
41
r
42
ll
11-1
41.5
-126.5
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
30
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
44.5
44
43.5
43
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
31
23-28 Aug 1994
S'-tro
tlt7
S,Et7
z
0
Et,
41.5
-126.5
981-
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
32
L- S't,Z
.S'CZL-
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
r
44.5
.44.
43.5
43
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
33
23-28 Aug 1994
44.5
44
43.5
z°
a
4-
43
42.5
I.
r
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
34
-124.5
-124
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
44.5
44
43.5
z°
a
4-
43
42.5
42
r
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
35
-124.5
-124
-123.5
23-28 Aug 1994
44.5
44
43.5
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
36
-124.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
I
-125
Longitude (°E)
37
23-28 Aug 1994
M-
I
5'V
z
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E;
8ti
L-
Tt,Z
L-
tlz
L- 5"EZ
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
44.5
44
43.5
z°
a)
43
42.5
42
f/
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
39
-124.5
-124
-123.5
23-28 Aug 1994
44.5
4'4
r
43.5
z
°
U)
I,
r-+
43
42.5
42
f
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
40
-124.5
-124
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
I
UI
z
7`
fl
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
41
-124.5
-124
-123.5
23-28 AUg 1994
I
44.5
44
43.5
4-
43
-42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
42
-124.E
-124
-123.5
29 Aug - 2 Sept 1994
44.5
44
43.5
z°
a)
J
43
42.5
42
41.5
-126.5
-126
-125.5
-125
Longitude (°E)
43
-124.5
-124
-123.5
ADCP Line a U (year day 235.99-236.11, 24-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
44.5
44.6
Long tude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
-124.7
z°
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
4
0
0
0
ADCP Line a V ( year day 235.99-236.11, 24-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
44.5
44.6
Long tude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
-124.7
44
Z
°
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
bRfA
200
v Wlvdu
30
20
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line bO U (year day 236.12-236.15, 24-Aug-94 )
Lon gitude: -125.00 °E
Latitude (°N)
44.4 44.35
0
.I
I
z°
43
Jca
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150 -
200
10
0
ADCP Line
(year day 236.12-236.15, 24-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.00 °E
Latitude (°N)
44.4 44.35
044
Z
°
42
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
£ 100 CL
a>
0
150 -
M w"m
r b.1h.d.
10
0
Distance (km)
ADC Line b U (year day 236.17-236.44, 24-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.00 °E
44.2
Latitude (°N)
43.9
44
44.1
43.8
0
Zt'
- US
A
E
r
0
fir,
Ol
I
0?
0£
I
- OS L
- OOZ
.
Ob
09
09
OL
08
ADCP Line b V: (year d.ay 236.17-236.44, 24-Aug-94)
Longitude: -125.00 °E
44.2
44
44.1,.
Latitude (°N)
43.9
43.8
43.7
43.6'
43.5
z
°
44
-
42
'll ill'ilk'
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
-c 100
CL
0a)
Dr wiwe,
. noa dr
{
8.0
70
'60
50
40
Distance (km)
30
Op
ADCP Line c U (year day 236.44-236.53, 24-Aug-94 )
43.45
Latitude (°N)
43.4
Long tude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
43.35
-124.7
0
44
Z
°
43
J
0
U,
42
-126. -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
0
U,
0
0
c'J
0
0
0
c%J
ADCP Line c V (year day 236.44-236.53, 24-Aug-94 )
43.45
Latitude (°N)
43.4
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
43.35
-124.7
0
z
44
°
a)
243
J
Ca
0
U'
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
(m) Depth
0
(n
—
0
o
"3
20
10
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 0-1 U (year day 237.20-237.27, 25-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.17 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.35 43.3 43.25
43.2
- titi
2
°
43
J
- Z4
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
ADCP Line 0-1 V (year day 237.20-237.27, 25-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.17 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.35 43.3 43.25
43.2
44
Z
°
42
E
100
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 1 U (year day 237.27-237.40, 25-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.35 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
0
z
44
0
a)
43
J
ca
0
LU
42
54
0
Lfl
0
0
0
t.J
0
to
0
0
It)
0
CD
FIG`F
me
a
year
[;t
40
Latitude: 43.35 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-1244
44
Z
°
42
150
200
i
60
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Line 1-2 U (year day 237.40-237.46, 25-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.59 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.3 43.25
z°
44
N
43
Cu
J
42
I
I
I
-
-126 -125 -124
Longitude ("E)
150
200
10
0
ADCP Line 1-2 V (year day 237.40-237.46, 25-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.59 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.3 43.25
z°
44
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
0
1
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 2 U (year day 237.46-23 7.61, 25-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43 .22 ON
-125.1
-125
-124. 9
1
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
1
z
44
a)
43
J
75
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
200
60
50
40
30
20
10
a
AUUF
the
(year day 237.46-237.61, 25-Aug-94 )
Latitude:
-125.1
-125
-124.9
43 .22 ON
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
I
z
44
0
a)
43
J
cfj
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Line 2-3 U (year day 237.61-237.66, 25-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.20 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.2
43.1
44
Z
°
42
09
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
3
OO L 5
CD
0
09L
TVWq
W,w 9
003
0
04
AMP Line 2-3 V (year day 237.61-237.66, 25-Aug-94
Longitude: -125.20 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.2
43.1
z
44
0
N
43
J
rv
all
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
0
10
Distance (km)
)
ADCP Line 3 U (year d ay 237.67-237. 83, 25-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.05 ° N
-125.1
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
- 124.9
t
-125
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
1
1
42
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 3 V (year day 237.67-237.83, 25-Aug-94 )
L atitude:
-125.1
43.05
Longitude ("E
-124.8
-12 4.9
-125
ON
124.7
-124.6
-124.5
44
Z
°
m
43
J
ca
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
60
50
40
30
D stance (km)
20
10
0
AL(. ' Line 3-4 U (year day 237.83-237.89, 25-Aug-94 J
Longitude: -124.63 °E
Latitude (°N)
43
42.95 42.9
0
44
Z
°
.2
43
J
42
09
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
09l
0o
0
04
ADCP Line 3-4
V
(year day 237.83-237.89, 25-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.63 °E
Latitude (°N)
43
42.95 42.9
44
z
0
a)
43
J
aY
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
CL
a>
0
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 4 U (year day 237.89-238.08, 25-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
43
43.1
-125.3
-125.2
-125.1
Long tude (°E)
-125
-124.9
42.9
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
0
Z
°
c
43
J
co
N
0
E
0
Lfl
0
0
t.J
0
0
0
N
0
0
0
0
C0
ADCP Line 4
(year day 237.89-238.08, 25-Aug-94 )
Lat i tude (°N)
43
43.1
-125.3
-125.2
-125.1
Long tude (°E)
-125
-124.9
42.9
-1248
-124.7
-124.6
z
44
42
50
150
br w¢bl
rb,MiCN
200
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADC' Line 4-5 U (year day 238.08-238.15, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
43.15
43.2
Longitude (°E)
-125.3
-125.2
I
I
0
V t?
z°
w
5
43
Co
J
Et,
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
0
E
- 09 L
pJYM p
4V^G^
ooz
ADCP Line 4-5 V (year day 238.08-238.15, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
43.15
43.2
Longitude (°E)
-125.3
-125.2
0
z°
m
43
J
ca
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
69
E
100 n
a)
0
150 H
200 J
both
0
10
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 5 U (year day 238.15-238.33, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
43
43.1
Longitude (°E)
-125
42.9
42.8
8'tz l-
43.2
-124.9
1193113
z°
a)
43
J
15
- 09
E
100
a)
0
._ 0911
lR'.IM.n
I
0
0I
_.
I
I
os
oz
I
OP
I
09
DO?
ADCP Line 5 V (year day 238.15-238.33, 26-A ug-94 )
432
Latitude (°N)
43
431
42.9
42.8
Long tude (°E)
-125
-124.9
-124.8
44
Z
°
43
J
C6
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Line 5-6 U (year day 238.33-238.39, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.69
25
ON
Longitude (°E
-124.9
-124.8
i
z°
44 -I
a)
43
J
ca
50
42 -I
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
a
a)
0
150
200
ADCP Line 5-6 V (year day 238.33-238.39, 26-Aug-94 )
L atitude:
-125
42 .69 ON
Longitude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
44
Z
0
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
o.4w
e meal
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 6 U (year day 238.40-238.57, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42.9
43
42.8
Long tude (°E)
-125.2
-125.3
42.7
-125.1
0
44
z
a)
43
J
ca
0
U)
42
E
0
In
0
0
0
0
N
0
cv,
0
0
10
A
ne 6
(year day 238.40-238.57, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42.9
!l daay
43
42.8
Long tude (°E)
-125.2
-125.3
42.7
-125.1
0
3v
- 09
- OS L
i
1
04
0
I
03
1
30
Distance (km)
Db
i
DS
003
ADCP Line 6-7 U (year day 238.57-238.63, 26-Aug-94 )
43
Latitude (°N)
43.05
43.1
Long tude (°E)
-125.5
-125.4
0
Z
44
0
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
0
U,
0
0
0
t.J
ADCP Line 6-7 V (year day 238.57-238.63, 26-Aug-94 )
Lat tude (°N)
43.05
43.1
I
43
I
I
Longitude (°E)
-125.5
-125.4
Z
°
a,
43
J
I
I
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
L 100
Q.
a)
0
10
D stance (km)
0
20
I
ADC! Line 7 U (year day 238.63-238.80, 26-Aug-94 )
42.9
Latitude (°N)
42.8
42.7
42.6
I
I
Long tude (°E)
-125.4
-125.5
-125.3
0
z°
50
E
0
150
200
50
40
30
20
10
0
Line 7 V (year day 238.63-238.80, 26-Aug-94
d3Od
42.9
Latitude (°N)
42.8
Longitude (°E)
-125.4
-125.5
42.7
42.6
-125.3
z
44
°
42
09
09l
w,-,q
00
W 410q
0
01
30
20
Distance (km)
of
09
A DCP Line 7-8 U (year day 238.80-238.85, 26-Aug-94 )
L atitude: 42.53 ON
Longitude (°E)
-125.3
z°
U
44
43
16
J
42 -I
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
C)
a
-40
150
200
I
brwlOB
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Line 7-8` V (year day 238.80-238.85, 26-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.53 ON
Longitude (°E)
-125.3
44
Z
°
50
-1
42
0
a
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
150
b. ra0!
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 8 U (year day 238.85-239.00, 26-Aug-94 )
42.9
Latitude (°N)
42.7
42.8
42.6
42.5
Longitude (°E)
-125.6
-125.5
-125.7
-125.4
I
I
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0
m
43
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co
- 09
0
E
0
I- 09L
ooz
0
OL
OZ
OE
0t,
09
ADCP Line 8 V (year day 238.85-239.00, 26-Aug-94 )
4 2.9
L
-125.7
0 -j
42.8
Latitude (°N)
42.7
42.6
Longitude (°E)
-125.6
-125.5
42. 5
-125 .4
z
44
°
a)
43
Ja)
42
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150 -
30
20
Distance (km)
,ADCP Line 9 U (year day 239.01-239.18, 27-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42.8
42.7
42.9
1
1
-126.3
-126.2
I
I
Longitude (°E)
-126
-126.1
-125.9
J
-1258
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150
200
So-
40
-30-
-20
10
0
ADCP Line 9 V (year day 239.01-239.18, 27-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42.8
6717
42.7
7
1
Long tude (°E)
-126.1
-126
-125.9
-125.8
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-126.2
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-126.3
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44
TI
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°
42
E
n 100
0
WfB W
9 yW1
0
01
OZ
30
Distance (km)
017
0s
ADCP Line 10 U (year day 239.18-239.37, 27-Aug-94 )
42.6
-126.3
-126.2
Latitude (°N)
42.5
Longitude (°E)
-126
-126.1
42.4
-125.9
OOI
E
-125.8
0
ADCP Line 10 V (year day 239.18-239.37, 27-Aug-94 )
Long tude (°E)
-126
-126.1
-125.9
-125.8
z
0
30
Distance (km)
0
-126.2
42.4
Z4
-126.3
Latitude (°N)
42.5
bb
42.6
ADC" Line 11 U (year day 239.37-239.59, 27-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42
-126.3
42.1
-126.2
-126.1
42.2
Longitude (°E)
-126
42.3
-125.9
-125.8
0
z
44
°
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43
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42
100
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0
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0
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ADCP Line 11 V (year day 239.37-239.59, 27-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42
42.2
42.1
42.3
1
-126.3
-126.2
Long tude (°E)
-126.1
-126
-125.9
-125.8
T
44
z
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°
42
I IF
4
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40
Distance (km)
A. -4'
-
III
ADCP Line 12 U ( year day 239.59-2 39.76, 27-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 41.90 °N
-126.3
-126.2
Longitude (°E)
-126
- 126.1
-1 25.9
-125.8
-125.7
I
z
44
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
o. wwe
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0.
ADCP Line 12 V ( year day 239.59-2 39.76, 27-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 41.90 =N
-126.3
-126.2
126.1
Longitude (°E)
-126
-1 25.9
-125.8
-125.7
I
I
I
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44
z
0
a)
43
CU
J
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
oowoe
200
vEON YnI
50
40
20
30
Distance (km)
10
0
AMP Line 13 U (year day 239.92-240 .42, 28-Au g-94 )
Longitu de: -125.73 °E
43.2
43.1
43
42.9
I
42.8
42.7
I
I
La titude (°N)
42.6 42.5 42.4
I
I
42.3
42.2
I
42
42.1
41.9
41.8
I
z
44
0
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150
140
130
120
110
100
BO
70
Distance (km)
90
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 13 V (year day 239.92-240.42, 28-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.73 °E
43.2
43.1
43
42.9
42.8
42.7
Latitude (°N)
42.6 42.5 42.4
42.3
42.2
42.1
42
41.8
41.9
44
Z
°
42
mI - u
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
a
a)
0
I
110
100
90
80
70
Distance (km)
09
120
09
130
I
140
0
150
A DCP Line 14 U (year day 240.42-240.55, 28-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.22 ON
Longitu de (°E)
-1 25.4
-125.6
-125.2
0
z
44
°
50
42
100
-126 -125 -124
E
Longitude (°E)
= 150
CL
a)
a
200-1
250 -
V
300
40
30
20
nt..a.,..,... /L.
10
0
A DCP Line 14 V (year day 240.42-240.55, 28-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.22 ON
Longitu de (°E)
-125.6
-1 25.4
-125.2
z°
50
44
a)
43
J
Ca
42
100
-
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
a)
0
200
250
300
40
30
20
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 15 U (year day 240.55-241.08, 28-Aug-94 )
i
42.9
43.1
42.8
42.7
42.6
Latitude (°N)
42.5 42.4 42.3
42.2
42.1
42
41.9
41.8
41.7
I
43.2
Longitude: -125.16 °E
u
V
0
0
- 09
-10
42
100
E
S 150
CL
m
0
200
1j
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09
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OL
4- 006
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09
90
1
100
Ob
110
I
120
OE
130
03
140
I
150
OL
160
0
170
ADCP Line 15 V (year day 240.55-241.08, 28-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.16 °E
42.7
'I
42.8
Latitude (°N)
42.5 42.4 42.3
42.6
I
1
42.9
42.2
-
I
4
43.1
Ire
I'
II
43.2
42.1
42
41.9
41.8
41.7
z
°
44
42
100
-126 -125 -124
k
-ff
Longitude (°E)
I
150
CL
a,
0
200
N
120
110
100
90
80
Distance (km)
OL
130
09
140
09
150
017
160
0
170
ADCP Line 16 U (year day 241 .69-241.87, 29-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 41 .90 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
-12 4.8
I
I
Longitude (°E)
-124.7
-124.6
I
I
-124.5
-124.4
-124.3
I
I
44
z
0
m
43
J
co
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
a
0
4
aae
i bN Jl
70
60
20
10
0
ADCP Line 16 V (year day 241.69-241.87, 29-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 41.90 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
-124.8
Longitude (°E)
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
-124.3
44
°
42
99
40
Distance (km)
AUG P Line 16-1 7 U (year day 241.87-241.92, 29-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.17 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.05
41.95
42
Z
°
w
43
J
50 -126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150 -
200
II
--r --iI '
1
I
I
ADC P Line 16-1 7 V (year day 241.87-241.92, 29-Aug-94 )
Longit ude: -125.17 °E
L atitude (°N)
42
41.95
42.05
I
z
44
°
a
43
J
42
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
a)
0
150 -
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 17 U (year day 241.92-242.08, 3 O-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.07 °N
-125
-125.1
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.7
- 124.8
i
I
i
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
I
I
I
z
°
6
44
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
a 100
0
0
6Q
50
20
10
0
ADCP Line 17 V (year day 241.92-242.08, 3 O-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.07 "N
-125
-125.1
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.7
- 124.8
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
z
44
°
m
43
Jci
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
200
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
AMP Line 17-18 U (year day 242.08-242.15, 30-Aug-94 J
Longitude: -124.49 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.2
42.1
z
0
a)
43
15
15
J
oJ
0
to
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
a)
0
0
U,
0
ADCP Line 17-18 V (year day 242.08-242.15, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.49 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.2
42.1
44
Z
°
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
w
100
CL
a)
0
C
10
Distance (km)
0
in
ADCP Line 18 U (ye ar day 242.15-242.31, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.24 ON
-125.1
-125
124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
I
I
I
z
I
44
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
- 100
CL
a
0
-F,
200
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 18 V (year day 242.15-242.31 , 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.24 ON
Longitude ('E)
-125.1
-125
-12 4.9
-124.8
-124. 7
I
I
I
-124.6
-124.5
44
Z
°
a)
43
19
J
ns
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
A DCP Line 1 8-19 U (year day 242.31-242.36, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.
Latitude (°N
42.35 42.3
LI
z°
44
43
J
50
42
-
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
w
100
Q
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2t
15.0
200
f
r
A DCP Line 1 8-19 V (year day 242.31-242.36, 30-Aug-94 )
Lo ngitude: -125.
Latitude (°N
42.35 42.3
z
44
0
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
G)
0
150
br w9406
"Ad
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADGP Line 19 U (year day 242.36-2 42.49, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.40
-125.1
-125
-124. 9
I
I
I
ON
Longitude (°E
-124.8
- 124.7
-124.6
-124.5
I
z
44
°
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
50
40
30
niQf-qnccL (km
20
ADCP Line 19 V (year day 242.36-242.49, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.40 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
z
44
0
42
E
100
CL
a)
0
b
:g
30
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 19-20 U (year day 242.50-242.56, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.62 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.55 42.5 42.45
0
i
i
I
z
44
°
a)
43
75
J
ca
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
a)
0
ADCP Line 19-20 V (year day 242.50-242.56, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.62 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.55 42.5 42.45
0
z°
44
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 20 U (year da y 242.56-242 .69, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.57 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude ("E
-124.8
-1 24.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
z°
44
43
J
ca
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
a>
a
200
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 20 V (year da y 242.56-24 2.69, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.5 7 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (° E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
41_
44
Z
°
CD
43
J
C6
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
a 100
0
200 -'
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Line 20-21 U (year day 242.69-242.74, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.17 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.7 42.65 42.6
1
z
44
°
42
50 -
I
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
a)
a
0
150 -
e.»v1O6
200
u bUt m,
I
ADCP Line 20-21 V (year day 242.69-242.74, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.17 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.7 42.65 42.6
1
z
44
°
so
42
-
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
a
a)
O
150
22o
-
I
1 ;°,
I
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 21 U (year day 242. 74-242.84, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42 .74 ON
-125.1
Longitude (°E)
-124.9
-124. 8
-124.7
-125
1
1
-124.6
-124.5
1
z
V
44
42
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
1 10
150 --
200
50
40
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 21 V (year day 242.74-242.84, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.74 ON
-125.1
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.9
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
0
z
44
°
G)
43
J
42
50 -
150
200
30
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 21-22 U (year day 242.84-242.89, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.72 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.85 42.8 42.75
44
z
°
42
50-
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150
10
0
ADCP Line 21-22 V (year day 242.84-242.89, 30-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.72 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.85 42.8 42.75
z°
44
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
150
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 22 U (year day 242.90-243.01, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42.95
-125
-125.1
Longitude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
42.9
-124.7
-124.6
z°
Fw
43
43
J
C6
Z4
E
0
01
oz
oc
Ob
09
ADCP Line 22 V (year day 242.90-243.01, 30-Aug-94 )
Latitude (°N)
43
-125.1
-125
42.95
Longitude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
42.9
-124.7
-124.6
0
z
0
0
Lb
E
CL
100
0
0
Lb
I-
0
0
30
20
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 23 U (year day 243.01-243.11, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.18 °E
Latitude (°N)
42.9
42.8
i
43
I
I
Z
0
p zv
- 09
U
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
0
1- 09 L
ON
0
0l
oz
of
ADCP Line 23 V (year day 243.01-243.11, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.18 °E
43
Latitude (°N)
42.9
42.8
z
44
a)
43
J
15
42
- 09
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
3
- 09L
DOZ
0
OL
20
Distance (km)
OE
ADCP Line 23-24 U ( year day 243.11 -243.15, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42.73 "N
-125.1
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-1 24.9
-
124.7
-124.6
-124.5
z°
44
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
ADCP Line 23-24 V (year day 243.11-243.15, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 42 .73 ON
-125.1
-125
Longitude (°E)
-124 .8
-124.7
-1 24.9
-124.6
-124.5
z
44
°
43
J
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
50
.20
30
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 24 U (year day 243.16-243.26, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.00 °E
43
Latitude (°N)
42.9
42.8
YY
Z
0
Zti
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
YOM q
W'Wnq n
(km) Distance
20
30
10
0
200
150 -
0
a)
CL
100
E
(°E) Longitude
-124 -125 -126
so -
42
J
C5
43
m
z°
0
42.9
42.8
atitude ('N)
°E 0
31-Aug-94 243.16-243.26, ay
43
L
24 Line ADCP
Longit
ude: -125.0
)
V (year d
ADCP Line 25 U (year day 243.27-2 43.37, 31-Aug-94 )
L atitude: 43.05 ON
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.7
-124.6
-124 .8
-124.5
z
44
0
43
J
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 25 V (year day 243.27-243.37, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude:
-124.9
43 .05 ON
Longitude (°E)
-124. 7
-124 .8
-124.6
-124.5
z°
44
a)
43
J
as
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
0
150
200
40
30
20
Distance (km)
10
AUUP Line 25-26 U (year day 243.37-243.39, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.56 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.1
Z
0
a
43
J
as
to
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
O
II)
0
0
ADCP Line 25-26 V (year day 243.37-243.39, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.56 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.1
Pt
Z
°
Zb
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
al
0
ooz
0
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 26 U (year day 243.39-2 43.54, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.1 3 ON
-125
-125.1
-1 24.9
Longitude (° E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
z°
43
J
co
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
*9408
940. ai
60
50
40
10
0
A DCP Line 26 V (year day 243.39-243 .54, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.13 ° N
-125
-125.1
-1 24.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
- 124.7
-124.6
-124.5
z
44
°
w
43
ca
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
200 -
I
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Li ne 26-27 U (year day 243.54-243.57, 31-Aug-94 )
Long itude: -125. 17°E
Latitude ('N
43.2
43.1 5
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
i 100
a)
0
150
200
0
ADCP Li ne 26-27 V (year day 243.54-243.57, 31-Aug-94 )
Long itude: -125. 17°E
Latitude (°N
43.2 43.1 5
z
44
°
42
50 -
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
a)
a
150 -
200
0
Distance (km)
AMP Line 27 U (year day 243.57-243.71, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43 .22 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
I
44
Z
°
a)
43
J
cz
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
60
I
I
50
40
I
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 27 V (year d ay 243.57-243.7 1, 31-Aug-94)
Latitude: 43.22 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
0
A DCP Line 27 -28 U (year day 243.71-243.75, 31-Aug-94 )
Lon gitude: -124.54 °E
Latitude ('N)
43.3 43.25
z
44
°
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
200
10
0
ADCP Line 27-28 V (year day 243.71-243.75, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -124.54 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.3 43.25
0
44
/
Z
°
42
- 09
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
SCl. 100
a)
0
OS L
YOIM q
ooz
I-P M^9
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 28 U (year day 243.76-2 43.91, 31-Aug-94 )
L atitude:
-125.1
-125
-124.9
43 .34 ON
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
i
z
44
43
«1
J
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
CL
G)
0
60
50
40
30
20
0
ADCP Line 28 V (year day 243. 76-243.91, 31-Aug-94 )
Latitude: 43.34 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
z
44
°
42
E
100
w
a
b MHO!
bot.bl
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Line 28-29 U (year day 243.92-243.97, 31 -Aug-94
Longitude: -125.16 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.45 43.4 43.35
0
z
44
°
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
T
100
a)
0
-kT
150
br w9108
u bolh.dl
200
in
)
ADCP Line 28-29 V (year day 243.92-243.97, 31-Aug-94 )
Longitude: -125.16 °E
Latitude (°N)
43.45 43.4 43.35
0
z
44
42
50
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
145
E
100
CL
a)
a
150
br w94O!
v bof Ml
200
10
Distance (km)
0
ADCP Line 29 U (year day 24 3.97-244.1 5, 01-Sep-94 )
Latitude: 43 .50 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
-124. B
Longitude (°E)
-124.7
-124.6
II
-124.5
-124.4
-124.3
44
z
0
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
CL
100
a
a
200
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ADCP Line 29 V (year day 24 3:47^-244.1 5, 01-Sep-94 )
Latitude: :43 .50 ON
-125.1
-125
-124.9
-124.8"
Longitude. (°E)
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
-124.4
-124.3
.1
I
1
44
Z
°
42
50-
It
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
1
150 k
Y bol, bl.
200
7.0
.60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
.20
1.0,
01
ADCP Line 30 U (year day 244.52 -244.66, 01-Sep-94 )
Latitude: 43 .22 ON
-125.1
-125
-124. 9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
I
V
z°
44
43
J
ca
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
Dr W.OD
u DOth dsr
60
20
10
0
ADCP Line 30 V (year day 244.52-244.66 , 01-Sep-94 )
Latitude: 43.22 °N
-125.1
-125
-124. 9
Longitude (°E)
-124.8
-124.7
-124.6
-124.5
z
44
°
a,
::Ll43
J
co
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
w 100
Q
0a,
60
50
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
ADCP Line 31 U (year day 244.66-244.77, 01-Sep-94)
Latitude (°N)
43
43.1
43.2
Longitude (°E)
-125.4
-125.3
-125.5
-125.2
0
z°
0
Ii)
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
0
'0
0
0
0
c.J
0
C"
ADCP Line 31 V (year day 244.66-244.77, 01-Sep-94 )
Lat tude (°N)
43
-125.5
43.1
Long tude (°E)
-125.4
-125.3
43.2
-125.2
44
z
°
a
43
J
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
20
Distance (km)
ADCP Line 32 U (year day 244.78-244.95, 01-Sep-94 )
Latitude (°N)
42.8
42.9
-125.4
-125.5
42.7
42.6
Long tude (°E)
-125.3
-125.2
v
z°
a)
43
E
0
I
I
oz
at
I
oc
I
Oil
09
ADCP Line 32 V (year day 244.78-244.95, 01-Sep-94 )
Lat tude (°N)
42.8
42.6
Long tude (°E)
-125.3
-125.2
z
44
°
42
30
Distance (km)
Ol
-125.4
42.7
0
42.9
ADCP Line 33 U (year day 244.95-245.19, 02-Sep-94 )
Longitude: -125.16 °E
43.2
43
43.1
Latitude (°N)
42.9
42.8
42.7
42.6
0
z
44
°
43
J
ca
42
- 09
E
-c 100
CL
09L
OtsM Ip
.9W
n
i
0
oz
D£
i
i
DI?
09
D9
DL
DOZ
ADCP Line 33 V (year day 244.95-245.19, 02-Sep-94 )
Longitude: -12 5.16 °E
43.2
0
I
43.1
i
I
43
Latitude (° N)
42.9
1
42.8
I
42.7
I
42.6
I
I
z
44
0
m
43
J
ca
42
50 -I
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
150 -
200
br,9405
I
I
.eon e.r
I
I
40
30
Distance (km)
20
10
0
ADCP Line a cross-track (+ towards
Latitude (°N)
44.5
Long tude (°E)
-124.9
-124.8
314°, year day 235.99-236.11, 24-Aug-94)
44.6
-124.7
vv
z°
zv
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
E
100
CL
N
0
ADCP Line c cross-track (+ towards 36°, year day 236.44-236.53, 24-Aug-94 )
43.45
Latitude (°N)
43.4
-124.9
Long tude (°E)
-124.8
43.35
-124.7
z
44
0
42
-126 -125 -124
Longitude (°E)
MYYN
IT MN YK YW
D
10
20
Distance (km)