ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
Center Street (Route 21) at
Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Avenue
and Cherry Street
Town of Ludlow
June 19, 2014
Prepared For:
MassDOT Highway Division
Prepared By:
BETA Group, Inc.
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table of Contents
Project Data ................................................................................................................................. 1
Background ................................................................................................................................. 2
Project Description ..................................................................................................................... 2
Audit Observations ..................................................................................................................... 7
Potential Safety Enhancements ............................................................................................... 12
Summary of Road Safety Audit ............................................................................................... 16
List of Appendices
Appendix A.
Appendix B.
Appendix C.
Appendix D.
RSA Meeting Agenda
RSA Audit Team Contact List
Detailed Crash Data
Speed Regulations
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Location Map ......................................................................................................................... 3
List of Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Participating Audit Team Members ....................................................................................... 1
Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown ..................................................................... 12
Potential Safety Enhancement Summary ............................................................................. 17
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Project Data
A Road Safety Audit for the intersections of Center Street (Route 21) at Mass Pike (I-90) Interchange 7,
and Cherry Street was held on May 7, 2014 at the Ludlow Department of Public Works in Ludlow, MA.
As indicated in Table 1, the audit team consisted of representatives from Federal, State, Regional and
Local agencies and included a cross-section of engineering, planning and emergency response expertise.
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members
Audit Team Member
Agency/Affiliation
Corey O’Connor
MassDOT Highway Division – Safety Section
Lisa Schletzbaum
MassDOT Highway Division – Safety Section
Promise Otaluka
FHWA
Luke Hayes
MassDOT Highway Division – District 2 Traffic
John Morgan
CHA Consulting
Jim Goodreau
Ludlow DPW
Sgt. Frank Nowak
Ludlow Police
Khyati Parmar
PVPC
Justin Curewitz
BETA Group, Inc.
Jaklyn Centracchio
BETA Group, Inc.
Page 1
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Background
The Federal Highway Administration defines a Road Safety Audit (RSA) as the formal safety examination
of an existing or future road or intersection by an independent, multidisciplinary team. The purpose of an
RSA is to identify potential safety issues and possible opportunities for safety improvements considering
all roadway users. A Road Safety Audit was scheduled for the intersections of Center Street (Route 21) at
Mass Pike (I-90) Interchange 7/Harding Avenue and Cherry Street because the signalized intersections
have been identified as high crash locations. The clustered intersections of Center Street at Cherry Street
and the Big Y entrance rank 154th on MassDOT’s statewide Top 200 Crash Locations Report from 20092011. The intersection of Center Street, Mass Pike Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue is identified as a
high crash location cluster within the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) region. The RSA is
intended to identify potential short and long term safety improvements that can be made at the locations,
which can then be implemented through general maintenance for short term low cost improvements or
incorporated into the planned reconstruction project for long term improvements.
Project Description
The Massachusetts Turnpike (Mass Pike) is a tolled interstate highway carrying I-90 across the
Commonwealth. Mass Pike Interchange 7 connects to Center Street (Route 21), which provides access to
Ludlow and surrounding communities including Belchertown to the north and Springfield to the south.
Center Street generally follows a north-south alignment in the vicinity of the study area and is under
Town of Ludlow jurisdiction. Center Street changes functional classification at its intersection with
MassPike Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue. South of the intersection it is classified as an Urban
Principal Arterial, while north of the intersection it is classified as an Urban Minor Arterial. Both Cherry
Street and Harding Avenue are classified as local roads within Town jurisdiction, while the Interchange
connector roads are under State jurisdiction.
The intersections included in the audit are discussed in detail below.
Center Street (Route 21) at Mass Pike
Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue
Center Street (Route 21), Mass Pike
Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue form a
4-way intersection under traffic signal
control. Harding Avenue forms the west leg
of the intersection and Mass Pike
Interchange 7 forms the east leg. Swan
Avenue is classified as a local road under
Town jurisdiction and intersects Harding
Avenue approximately 75 feet west of
Center Street. Land use in the area is
primarily commercial, with a Friendly’s
Center St at Mass Pike Interchange 7
and Harding Ave
(looking north)
Page 2
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Road Safety Audit
Center Street (Route 21) at
Mass Pike Interchange 7/
Harding Ave/Cherry St
Ludlow, MA
Figure 1
Location Map
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Restaurant on the northwest corner of the intersection, Pride Gas on the northeast corner and a
Cumberland Farms gas station and convenience store on the southwest corner. An empty lot on the
southeast corner is currently in discussion to be developed into a mixed commercial building, as stated by
town officials.
Center Street northbound provides three approach lanes - an exclusive left turn lane, a through lane, and a
right turn lane to the Mass Pike Interchange. An edge line is provided within the three-lane segment along
with pavement markings to delineate the dedicated lanes. Center Street southbound provides two
approach lanes, with the left lane marked as an exclusive left turn lane and the right lane serving through
vehicles and right turns. A No Turn on Red sign is posted on the southbound approach prohibiting right
turns to Harding Avenue during red indications. No edge line is provided on the southbound approach.
The Mass Pike interchange leg is median divided and provides two approach lanes - a shared lane for left
turns and throughs, and a dedicated lane for right turns to Center Street northbound. Trucks exiting the
Interchange headed southbound were noted to encroach on northbound left-turning vehicles. Harding
Avenue provides a single travel lane in each direction at the intersection.
Double yellow center lines are provided along Center Street, and solid white edge lines are provided on
both sides on the south and east legs of the intersection. A solid white edge line is provided on the
departure side of the north leg, and solid yellow edge lines are provided on both sides of the median on
the Mass Pike interchange leg. Sidewalks are provided on both sides of Center Street and on the south
side of Harding Avenue, with marked crosswalks provided across the south leg of Center Street, and
across Harding Avenue and the Mass Pike Interchange legs. The traffic signal provides a lead phase for
protected southbound left-turns with a westbound right turn overlap, a phase for through movements on
Center Street, split phasing for the side streets, and a pushbutton-actuated pedestrian phase.
Crash data provided by the Ludlow Police Department and summarized by MassDOT show 58 crashes in
the three year period from 2009 through 2011. A collision diagram and crash summary are included in the
Appendix. More than half (55%) of the crashes were angle crashes. The majority of these angle crashes
involved vehicles entering/exiting from adjacent commercial driveways. Of note amongst these crashes
are 24 involving vehicles entering/exiting the Friendly’s parking lot, six involving the Cumberland Farms
and three involving the Pride Gas Station. Also of note were four crashes involving a northbound leftturning vehicle and a southbound through vehicle. Many crashes involving turning vehicles were noted as
“courtesy crashes”, which occur when a vehicle stops, contrary to the rules of the road, to let another
vehicle enter the traffic stream or turn across stopped traffic to a driveway or side street.
Thirteen rear-end crashes occurred at the intersection, including six northbound. Nine of the 13 rear-end
crashes were a result of queued traffic or a vehicle stopped for a turning vehicle. Six sideswipe crashes
occurred at the intersection, with all but one involving vehicles trying to pass a turning vehicle. 31% of
the total crashes occurred from 2-4 PM, which Town officials attributed to the release of the nearby
Ludlow High School which is north of the study intersection on Chapin Street.
Page 4
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Center Street (Route 21) at Cherry Street and the Big Y Plaza
The intersections of Center Street (Route 21) with Cherry Street and the Big Y Plaza Entrance are two
closely spaced intersections with inter-related operational characteristics. The intersection of Center Street
with Cherry Street and the McDonalds Restaurant driveway is a 4-way, signalized intersection. Center
Street comprises the north and south legs of the intersection, with Cherry Street forming the west leg and
the McDonalds’ driveway forming the east leg. The Big Y Plaza Entrance intersects Center Street from
the west at an unsignalized intersection approximately 100 feet to the north of Cherry Street, allowing
vehicles to enter/exit to the plaza from both directions. Access to the Big Y Plaza is provided from this
entrance as well as from Cherry Street. Land use in the area is primarily commercial, with the Big Y
grocery store and a Sunoco gas station on the northwest corner of the intersection. Burger King is located
on the southwest corner and McDonalds is located on the east side of Center Street. A Park and Ride
facility is located behind the McDonalds with a combined parking lot and shared access to Center Street.
Several additional businesses are located on the east side of Center Street north of McDonalds, including
the Ludlow Automotive store and the Turnpike Liquor store.
Center Street northbound provides
three approach lanes at Cherry Street;
an exclusive left turn lane, a through
lane and a shared lane serving through
vehicles and right turns. Center Street
southbound provides three approach
lanes; an exclusive left turn lane, a
through lane, and a right turn lane to
Cherry Street. Edge lines are provided
along both sides of Center Street.
Cherry Street and the McDonalds
driveway both provide a single travel
lane in each direction, and No Turn
on Red signs are posted for each. Stop
Center Street at Cherry Street
bars are marked across the
(looking north)
McDonalds driveway and Cherry
Street with faded centerlines striped along Cherry Street. A slight vertical crest curve exists on Center
Street, creating a downhill grade for southbound traffic.
North of the intersection of Center Street and Cherry Street is the Big Y Plaza entrance, which provides a
single travel lane in each direction. Center Street southbound widens from one lane to the north of the
plaza to provide a turn lane for right turns into the plaza. This lane then continues southbound as a
dedicated right turn lane to Cherry Street. Center Street northbound carries two travel lanes through the
intersection, widening to provide a left turn lane into the plaza. North of the plaza entrance, Center Street
northbound transitions back to a single travel lane, creating a lane merge. Signage prohibits trucks on
Cherry Street, with deliveries for the Big Y accommodated via the Center Street entrance only.
A continuous sidewalk is provided along the east side of Center Street, and along the west side south of
the Big Y entrance. A sidewalk is provided on the south side of Cherry Street and the McDonalds
Driveway. A short sidewalk segment is provided on the north side of Cherry Street between Center Street
Page 5
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
and the Big Y entrance. Marked crosswalks are provided across the south leg of Center Street, and across
the Cherry Street and McDonalds legs. The traffic signal provides a protected northbound and southbound
left-turn phase, a phase for north-south through movements, a phase for east-west through movements,
and a pushbutton-actuated pedestrian phase.
Crash data provided by the Ludlow Police Department and summarized by MassDOT show 53 crashes in
the three year period from 2009 through 2011. A collision diagram and crash summary are included in the
Appendix. 38 of these 53 crashes (73%) were angle crashes. The majority of these angle crashes involved
vehicles entering/exiting from adjacent commercial driveways. Of note are 18 crashes involving vehicles
entering/exiting the Big Y Plaza entrance, two involving the Turnpike Package Store and one involving
the Ludlow Automotive store. Several of these crashes were noted as “courtesy crashes”, which occur
when a vehicle stops, contrary to the rules of the road, to let another vehicle enter the traffic stream or
turn across stopped traffic to a driveway or side street. Also of note were several crashes involving a leftturning vehicle and a through vehicle at the Cherry Street intersection.
Eleven rear-end crashes occurred at the intersection, including four on the northbound approach and three
on the southbound approach. Two crashes occurred which involved vehicles merging on Center Street
northbound in the vicinity of the Big Y entrance. Two crashes involving bicycles occurred at the
intersection, with one involving slippery road conditions, causing the bicyclist to skid. The other involved
a bicyclist colliding with a vehicle turning left into Cherry Street, where the bicyclist was traveling
through the intersection on Center Street in the right turn lane.
Page 6
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Audit Observations
Following a brief introduction to the RSA process and a summary of existing geometry and crash
information, the audit participants were asked to discuss issues that affect safety at the intersections of
Center Street (Route 21) at Mass Pike (I-90) Interchange 7/Harding Avenue, and Cherry Street. Audit
participants then conducted a site visit as a group, at which time they offered observations on safety issues
and concerns. A summary of those major safety considerations is as follows:
Observations related to Center Street or common to both intersections are presented first, followed by
specific observations by intersection.

Access Management – The close proximity of commercial driveways to the intersections are a safety
concern. This was specifically noted for the Friendly’s, Cumberland Farms, Pride Gas Station and for
the Big Y Plaza entrance, but is common to all driveways along Center Street in the study area. A
significant number of crashes involved vehicles entering/exiting from these driveways and can be
attributed to their proximity to the intersection.

Pedestrian Accommodations – A number of issues related to pedestrian access and accommodation
were noted.
o
Sidewalks, crosswalks and pedestrian pushbuttons are provided at the intersections, but the
lack of consistent pedestrian accommodations along Center Street was of significant concern
to audit participants. A worn path along the west side of Center Street where no sidewalk is
present indicates that pedestrian demand exists along the corridor. Audit participants noted
that a 5-mile town-wide walking loop is used by pedestrians and contributes to the pedestrian
activity along Center Street.
o
ADA compliant wheelchair ramps are not
consistently provided along the corridor,
with some crosswalks failing to provide any
wheelchair ramps.
o
Pushbuttons are not consistently accessible,
preventing wheelchair-bound pedestrians
from reaching buttons mounted on existing
strain poles and mast arms. No countdown
pedestrian signals are provided at the
intersections, and pushbuttons do not meet
current standards for accessibility.
Lack of wheelchair ramps
(across Harding Ave)
o
Detectable warning panels are not consistently provided for the wheelchair ramps.
o
Crosswalks are provided across Cherry Street, across the McDonalds driveway and across
Harding Avenue, but no pedestrian signals or pushbuttons are provided for these crossings.
Pedestrians crossing these approaches must do so concurrently with Center Street traffic. This
can create conflicts between pedestrians and turning vehicles.
Page 7
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.



Pedestrian Behavior – Pedestrians do not consistently use the crosswalks when crossing Center Street
or Cherry Street. This behavior was noted by officials and observed on the day of the audit. This
creates a potential hazard, especially when pedestrians are walking out from between queued cars
outside of the intersection limits. It was also noted that pedestrians walk without consideration of
potential conflicts with turning vehicles. Pedestrians were observed crossing during the DON’T
WALK phase both with and without approaching vehicles.
Bicycle Accommodations - Accommodation is not provided for bicycles along Center Street and at
the study intersections. Shoulders, where provided, are of an inadequate width for accommodation.
Traffic Congestion – Traffic congestion along the Center Street corridor was noted as a safety
concern. Southbound traffic queues back to the Mass Pike intersection during peak periods, and can
lead to driver aggression and frustration as traffic signals along the corridor are not coordinated. An
audit participant noted that it takes an extended period of time to get through the intersections during
congested times and may lead to rear-end crashes and red light running.
Center Street (Route 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue

Pride Gas Station Driveway – Due to the driveway’s close proximity to the intersection, signage was
installed to prevent exiting vehicles from using the southern driveway and allow for only turns into
the station. This signage has been knocked down or removed, allowing vehicles to exit from the
southern driveway. Vehicles turning right from the Mass Pike ramp onto Center St northbound do so
at a high rate of speed and abruptly approach the southern driveway. This is exacerbated by the right
turn overlap with the right green arrow for the Pike ramp. Vehicles exiting may be a factor in rearend crashes, especially during times of traffic congestion. In addition, these turning movements can
also attribute to the high number of angle and courtesy crashes.

Left Turning Vehicles – Left turning vehicles from Center Street were noted to cross over the
centerlines to access local businesses. In order to access commercial driveways, drivers will edge into
opposing lanes to force opposing vehicles to stop. The three opposing lanes can also contribute to the
left turn difficulty; not only do the left turners force opposing traffic to stop but the opposing traffic,
often queued up, also shows courtesy by allowing the left turner to turn left. One opposing lane will
show courtesy while a vehicle in another opposing lane is unaware of the situation and crashes into
the left turner. This may be a factor in courtesy crashes that occurred at the intersection, specifically
the 17 crashes that occurred between left-turning vehicles exiting Friendly’s and a southbound
through vehicle.

Truck Turns From Mass Pike – It was noted by audit participants that left-turning trucks exiting from
the Mass Pike Interchange encroach on northbound queued vehicles. Local officials stated that this
geometry issue was improved during the past reconstruction of the intersection, but audit participants
noted it is still a tight turn for trucks. The location of the Cumberland Farms driveway allows for
trucks to encroach on the driveway and sidewalk to make the turn, but presents safety concerns for
pedestrians and for vehicles exiting from Cumberland Farms. One sideswipe crash on the left turn
from the interchange to Center Street involved a truck colliding with a queued vehicle.
Page 8
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.

Harding Avenue Alignment – Harding Avenue presents a slight skew at the intersection. This causes
driver confusion as to the proper direction of travel, as left-turns require longer movements. Two
crashes involving a left-turning vehicle and a through vehicle occurred and may be a result of the
skewed geometry.

Cumberland Farms Deliveries – Delivery trucks for the Cumberland Farms park and unload along
Harding Avenue just past the driveway. This does not present a specific concern, but exacerbates
other safety issues due to non-local driver unfamiliarity.

High School Traffic – It was noted by audit participants that a significant amount of crashes (31% of
total crashes) were happening between the hours of 2 PM and 4 PM. Town officials noted that the
Ludlow High School releases within that time period and there is heavy traffic congestion during this
time. It is unclear whether this is a cause of the increase in crashes during this time period, but may
contribute to congestion and increased driver aggression.

Street Name Signs – Signs are currently provided at the intersections, but are not located where they
can be clearly seen from all approaches. The street name signs for Center Street and Harding Avenue
are partially hidden by an adjacent
No Turn on Red sign on the
southbound approach.

Sign Clutter – There are a
significant number of private signs
mounted on mast arms and with
other sign supports at the
intersection. This sign clutter may
present challenges to drivers
unfamiliar with the intersection. A
D6 guide sign directing vehicles
exiting the Mass Pike to Route 21 is
located within this cluttered signage.
Sign Clutter
Center Street (Route 21) at Cherry Street and the Big Y Plaza

Big Y Plaza Entrance – The unsignalized driveway to the Big Y Plaza from Center Street creates
conflicting turning movements. Left turns into the plaza and right turns out of the plaza must cross
two lanes of traffic. This is the most common occurrence of courtesy crashes, with 18 crashes
occurring at this location.

Signal Equipment – A number of issues related to signal equipment were noted.
o
Signal heads have a mix of 8” and 12” lenses. Current MassDOT standards require 12” heads on
all new traffic signal installations. Smaller signal heads may reduce advance visibility, which in
turn may lead to red light running and rear-end crashes. It was noted that the signal indication are
incandescent lamps rather than the brighter LED lights that are currently required for new or
reconstructed signals.
Page 9
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.

o
Backplates are not provided on existing signal heads.
Existing backplates are provided on overhead signals at
the Center Street/Harding Avenue intersection. Although
sun glare was not noted as a problem at the intersection,
backplates help to draw attention to signal indications.
o
The signals currently operate on flash during overnight
hours. One crash was attributed to a driver disregarding
the flashing signals.
o
Signal phasing and clearance times were noted as a
Existing Signal Equipment
concern. On the day of the audit, conflicting movements
were observed simultaneously, where a southbound driver turning left into the McDonalds
driveway had a green signal while a northbound pedestrian crossed the McDonalds driveway.
Since the signal does not allow two conflicting phases to operate at the same time, it was unclear
whether this was due to driver error or inadequate phasing and clearance times. Eight angle
crashes were seen at the intersection involving conflicting phases.
o
Signal visibility northbound approaching the intersection was stated as a safety concern.
Visibility of the intersection and of the signal indications is blocked by the Mass Pike overpass
for the northbound vehicles.
Vehicles Crossing Over Center Lines –
Left turning vehicles from Center Street
were noted to cross over the centerlines
for turns to Cherry Street and Sewall
Street. Left turn storage lanes are
provided for both left turns to the
respective streets, but drivers were
observed to cross centerlines before the
dedicated lanes begin. This issue also
occurs on the southbound departure
side, where the through lane width
narrows departing the intersection due
to the center line alignment delineating
the northbound left turn pocket.
Insufficient Lane Transitions

Lane Transitions – It was noted by audit participants that existing lane transitions northbound on
Center Street are sharp and shift abruptly. A single northbound travel lane is provided approaching
the Cherry Street intersection and widens to three lanes at the intersection. The lack of proper lane use
signage was also noted as a safety concern, given the changing configuration of lanes.

Pavement Markings – Markings are faded at the intersections and along Center Street, which adds to
confusion over intended lane configurations. The lack of double yellow centerlines on side streets was
also noted as a safety concern.
Page 10
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.

Lane Configuration –The right lane on Center Street north of the Big Y Plaza entrance is wide enough
to accommodate two lanes of traffic. Operation contrary to lane control signage and markings reduces
a driver’s expectation of other driver’s behavior, which can lead to increased aggression and is a
likely factor in rear-end and sideswipe crashes. The lack of lane drop, lane merge signage, or
pavement markings to warn drivers of this merge was noted as a safety issue.
 No Right Turn Sign for Cherry Street – A sign prohibiting southbound
trucks turning right on Cherry Street is potentially confusing. Trucks
wishing to make deliveries to the Big Y Plaza are required to enter at
the Plaza entrance off of Center Street rather than Cherry Street due to
the tight turn. An existing sign to alert trucks of this prohibited move,
as seen at right, is faded and does not meet the Manual on Uniform
Traffic Control Devices Manual (MUTCD) standards. Audit
participants noted that the sign appears suddenly to drivers and is hard
to read all at once, leading non truck drivers to think that they cannot
make a right turn to Cherry Street although there is a dedicated lane to do so.

Intersection Geometry – A crest curve on Center Street impacts visibility at the intersection. This lack
of visibility can cause drivers to misjudge their gap acceptance, which could attribute to the angle
crashes between northbound left turning vehicles and southbound through vehicles at the intersection.
Also of note, this crest vertical curve hinders the view of vehicles turning from the Big Y plaza onto
Center Street. Vehicles pulling out of the driveway may not see a southbound vehicle approaching
until it is too late due to the vertical curve. Eight crashes occurred in this manner, half of which
resulted in injury.

Right Turns Exiting McDonalds – Vehicles exiting the McDonalds driveway turning right have
limited sight distance of Center Street traffic due to the Mass Pike overpass. A No Turn on Red sign
is located in the mast arm, restricting turns exiting the driveway.


Park and Ride Signage - It was noted by local officials that the McDonalds will be rebuilt in the near
future, but will remain at its present location. A park and ride facility is located directly behind the
McDonalds and will remain open during reconstruction. It was also noted that the park and ride is not
clearly signed to drivers on Center Street, which could result in sudden stops or unexpected u-turns
from drivers who missed the park and ride entrance.
It was also noted that left turning drivers on Cherry Street do not yield to opposing through vehicles
exiting McDonalds. One angle crash can be attributed to this failure to yield on a permissive turn.
Page 11
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Potential Safety Enhancements
After the site visit, audit participants returned to the meeting location to discuss the safety issues and
consider improvements. Audit participants were encouraged to consider both short and long term
improvements for each issue. Each improvement considered has been categorized as short-term, midterm, or long-term based on the definitions shown in Table 2. Additionally, a cost category has been
assigned to each improvement based on the parameters set forth in Table 2.
Table 2. Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown
Time Frame
Short-term
<1 year
Costs
Low
Mid-term
1–3 years
Medium
Long-term
>3 years
High
<$10,000
$10,000–$50,000
>$50,000
Recommendations related to Center Street or common to both intersections are presented first, followed
by specific recommendations by intersection.




Consider access restrictions at adjacent commercial driveways by either consolidating driveways or
restricting them to a dedicated enter/exit or right-in/right-out design by the addition of a delta island.
The significant number of crashes involving vehicles exiting businesses indicates a need for
restrictions in access. If existing access is legally permitted, the Town should coordinate with
property owners to determine if restrictions can be accommodated. This would help reduce the leftturns for commercial driveways as well as the encroachment of vehicles on opposing lanes. Of
importance are the driveways of the Big Y Plaza, Friendly’s, Pride Gas and Cumberland Farms. This
is a medium cost, mid-term improvement. It was stated by the town that several previous attempts
were made to implement access restrictions, with limited cooperation from property owners.
Consider installing a center median on Center Street. This would eliminate left-turns for commercial
driveways as well as the encroachment of vehicles on opposing lanes. This is a high cost, mid-term
improvement that should be considered as part of project improvements.
Provide pedestrian accommodations at the intersections and along Center Street. Accommodation
should be provided throughout the intersections with sidewalks on both sides of the street, ADA
compliant wheelchair ramps, accessible pedestrian signals, detectable warning panels, pushbuttons
and crosswalks to carry pedestrians safely across Center Street and all side streets. It should be noted
that current MassDOT policy requires sidewalks on both sides of all reconstructed roadways. This is a
long-term, high cost improvement assumed to be included in the project.
Provide enforcement of jaywalking by pedestrians. A focused effort to police jaywalking will
encourage adherence to established crosswalk locations, which will reduce potential conflicts
between vehicles and pedestrians. This is a short-term improvement, the cost of which is reduced
enforcement elsewhere in the Town.
Page 12
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.





Provide education related to pedestrian safety. Education programs could be coordinated through
local community groups, through the Ludlow High School, and through social media. This is a shortterm, low cost measure.
Provide bicycle accommodations, where feasible. Accommodations can be realized through dedicated
bicycle lanes, shared use lanes with sharrow markings, or widened shoulders meeting MassDOT’s
standard for bicycle accommodation. This would help provide a safer route of travel for bicyclists and
reduce the close proximity with vehicular traffic. This is a long-term, high cost improvement that
should be incorporated into the planned project to the greatest extent feasible.
Install lane usage signage on all approaches. This will alert drivers to the intended lane use in tandem
with pavement marking improvements. It is recommended that R3-8 graphical signs be provided on
all approaches. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Reapply pavement markings along the corridor. Thermoplastic markings are recommended due to
their longer lifespan. Lane lines should be extended to the greatest extent practicable on each
approach, and arrow and only markings should be placed closer to the beginning of the exclusive
lanes on each approach. Edge and centerlines should be provided on all approaches and along Center
Street to better delineate transitions and merges. A “median bubble” should be added on the
northbound and southbound Center Street approach as well as the approach to Sewall Street,
providing protection and definition for the left turn lane. Restriped markings would provide better
delineation for drivers and reduce confusion as to proper lane designations. This is a short-term, low
cost improvement.
A two way left turn lane (TWLTL) was discussed by audit participants since it is currently included
in the 25% design for Center Street. Audit participants suggested that a TWLTL should not be
included on Center Street due to the vertical crest curve just north of the Big Y driveway on Center
Street, as well as the confusion it may cause with the Town’s high population of senior residents. This
suggestion should be considered by the designer in development of the project design.
Page 13
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.

Consider coordinating traffic signals along Center Street to reduce congestion and provide a more
regulated flow. This is a medium cost, mid-term improvement that can be incorporated into the
current project. Also consider adjustment of existing signal timings based on current traffic volumes
as a short term improvement.
Center Street (Route 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue






Install entrance only signage for southern driveway of Pride gas station. If signage was taken down by
property owner, coordinate with them to reinstall signage, as it was illegally removed. Reinstallation
of signage would eliminate the conflicts of exiting vehicles within close proximity of the intersection.
This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Consider closing the northern driveway at Cumberland Farms to reduce vehicles entering/exiting in
close proximity to the intersection. Closing this driveway would eliminate the conflicts of exiting
vehicles within close proximity of the intersection. This is a medium cost, mid-term improvement.
Accommodate truck traffic for the left turn lane from the Mass Pike to Center Street. It was suggested
that this turn can be made within the existing roadway geometry, but further review of the turns
should be made. Consider moving the stop bar back on northbound approach, as well as the left turn
stop bar on the southbound approach. This would reduce the encroachment of trucks on queued
traffic. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Consider realignment of the intersection. The realignment of Harding Avenue and Mass Pike
Interchange to form a more directly aligned 4-way intersection would reduce the amount of negative
offset left turn lanes and reduce the overall length of the intersection, reducing required clearance
times. This improvement would address left turn crashes from permissive left turns. This is a midterm, high cost improvement that should be considered as part of proposed improvements.
Implement education programs at Ludlow High School and other local driving schools alerting
younger drivers to the need for increased awareness at the intersections. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
Upgrade street name signs, relocate hidden signs and provide two sets of street name signs at each
intersection on opposite corners. Street name signs could be located on mast arms to improve
visibility. This can reduce erratic driver behavior when looking for an intended destination. This is a
short-term, low cost improvement.
Review sign clutter and remove unnecessary or inappropriate signs as well as private signs. The signage
design for the proposed project should consider the placement of existing signs, and remove or relocate
signs as necessary. This is a mid-term, low cost improvement assumed to be included in the planned
reconstruction project.
Center Street (Route 21) at Cherry Street and the Big Y Plaza

Consider restricting left turns both entering and exiting the Big Y Plaza entrance. Left turn restriction
signage could be installed as a short term, low cost improvement, while right in/right out geometric
Page 14
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
changes can be done to further reinforce the restriction. This can be accomplished by installing a delta
island to allow for a right in/right out traffic flow at the intersection. Restricting the flow of this
entrance would reduce the number of courtesy and angle crashes that currently exist. This is a
medium cost, mid-term improvement that should be considered as part of planned improvements.






Upgrade traffic signal. The traffic signal upgrade should include all new equipment, including
overhead 12” signal heads with backplates with a yellow retroreflective border meeting current
MassDOT and FHWA guidelines. New mast arms and overhead signal heads should be placed at the
far side of the intersection for optimal visibility for approaching drivers and according to MUTCD
and MassDOT standards. The grade of the Center Street as well as Mass Pike overpass approaches
should be considered in the mast arm design and may require taller mast arms and/or supplemental
signal heads to increase approach visibility. Consider installing a “Red Signal Ahead” sign before the
Mass Pike overpass on Center Street south of the intersection as part of the signal upgrade. Timing
and phasing plans should be designed to ease congestion. This is a mid-term, high cost improvement
assumed to be included in the planned reconstruction project.
Eliminate overnight flashing operation. This is a short-term improvement that should be implemented
in advance of planned improvements. This improvement will prevent drivers from disregarding the
flashing signals, which is expected to reduce the occurrence of nighttime crashes.
Study clearance times. The existing yellow and all red clearance times should be determined from the
existing traffic signal controller and compared to minimum requirements calculated based on the
latest MassDOT guidance. If existing clearance times are insufficient, clearance times should be
increased accordingly. This change in clearance times could reduce the number of rear-end crashes
and allow for visibility issues given the intersection grade. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
Properly define lanes on the northbound departure of the Cherry Street intersection
as well as lane merges. Consider striping the turn lane as a dedicated left turn lane
or through-left lane and remove contradictory markings. If two northbound lanes
are maintained through the Big Y Plaza Entrance, provide lane merge signage and
the proper shoulder taper distance. Installing proper signage and markings would
help reduce crashes resulting from merging vehicles. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
Replace existing truck exclusion sign for Cherry Street with MUTCD compliant
signing. Consider adding lane use signage in conjunction with truck restriction
signage. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Consider lowering the profile grade on Center Street to reduce the crest curve at the
intersection to improve visibility for vehicles exiting the Big Y driveway. This is a
long-term, high cost improvement. The designer should evaluate the need for lowering of the profile
that could be incorporated in the current project.
Page 15
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.


Maintain existing No Turn on Red signage at McDonalds’ approach, when rebuilt, in order to prevent
angle crashes between vehicles exiting the driveway and northbound vehicles approaching from
behind the Mass Pike overpass.
Consider adding signage for park and ride facility on Center Street. This sign should be visible to
traffic on Center Street to notify drivers to the location of the lot. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement.
Summary of Road Safety Audit
Table 3 summarizes potential recommendations discussed by the audit team. The recommendations are
categorized based on the potential safety payoff, as well as by time frame and cost. The safety payoff is a
qualitative judgment of the effectiveness of the potential safety improvements. Each recommendation has
a responsibility assigned to it stating whether MassDOT or the Town of Ludlow would be responsible for
implementing the recommended improvement. The term “Project” refers to improvements that are
assumed to be included or could reasonably be accommodated as part of planned improvements.
Page 16
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Responsibility
Safety
Payoff
Time
Frame
Cost
Town
High
Mid-term
Medium
Consider installing a center median on Center Street.
Project
High
Mid-term
High*
Pedestrian
Accommodations
Provide pedestrian accommodations at the intersections and along
Center Street. Accommodation should be provided throughout the
intersections with sidewalks, ADA compliant wheelchair ramps,
pedestrian signals, detectable warning panels, pushbuttons and
crosswalks.
Project
Medium
Long-term
High**
Pedestrian
Behavior
Provide enforcement of jaywalking by pedestrians.
Town
Medium
Short-term
(Reduced
enforcement
elsewhere)
Pedestrian
Behavior
Provide education related to pedestrian safety. Education programs
could be coordinated through local community groups, through the
Ludlow High School, and through social media.
Town
Medium
Short-term
Low
Bicycle
Accommodations
Provide bicycle accommodations, where feasible. Accommodations
can be realized through dedicated bicycle lanes, shared use lanes
with sharrow markings, or widened shoulders meeting MassDOT’s
standard for bicycle accommodation.
Project
Medium
Long-term
High*
Lane Designation
Install lane usage signage on all approaches.
Town
Medium
Short-term
$2,000
Lane Transitions
Reapply pavement markings at the intersection. Lane lines should
be extended to the greatest extent practicable on each approach,
and arrow and only markings should be placed closer to the
beginning of the exclusive lanes on each approach. Edge and
centerlines should be provided on all approaches and along Center
Street to better delineate transitions and merges.
Town
High
Short-term
$5,000
Access
Management
Consider audit participant suggestion that a two way left turn lane
(TLWTL) should not be included in the project design.
Project
TBD
Long-term
TBD*
Traffic Congestion
Consider coordinating traffic signals along Center Street.
Town
Medium
Mid-term
Medium
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Access
Management
Consider access restrictions at adjacent commercial driveways. If
existing access is legally permitted, the Town should coordinate
with property owners to determine if restrictions can be
accommodated.
Access
Management
$0
Page 17
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety
Payoff
Center Street (Route 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7 and Harding Avenue
Time
Frame
Cost
Medium
Short-term
$250
Town
Medium
Mid-term
Medium
Town
Medium
Short-term
TBD (Low)
Project
High
Mid-term
TBD (High)*
Town
Medium
Short-term
Low
Town
Medium
Short-term
$2,000
Medium
Mid-term
Low**
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Responsibility
Pride Gas Station
Driveway, Left
Turning Vehicles
Install entrance only signage for southern driveway of Pride gas
station.
Property Owner
Left Turning
Vehicles
Consider closing northern driveway at Cumberland Farms to
reduce vehicles entering/exiting in close proximity to the
intersection.
Truck Turns From
Mass Pike
Accommodate truck traffic for the left turn lane from the Mass Pike
to Center Street.
Harding Avenue
Alignment
Consider realignment of the intersection.
Implement education programs at Ludlow High School and other
High School Traffic local driving schools alerting younger drivers to the need for
increased awareness at the intersections.
Upgrade street name signs, relocate hidden signs and provide two
Street Name Signs
sets of street name signs at each intersection on opposite corners.
Sign Clutter
Review sign clutter and remove unnecessary or inappropriate signs
Project
as well as private signs.
Center Street (Route 21) at Cherry Street and the Big Y Plaza
Big Y Plaza
Entrance
Consider restricting left turns both entering and exiting the Big Y
Plaza entrance. This can be accomplished by installing a delta
island to allow for a right in/right out traffic flow at the intersection.
Project
High
Mid-term
High*
Signal Equipment
Upgrade signals to provide overhead signals with 12” heads and
retroreflective backplates. Consider installing a “Red Signal Ahead”
sign before the Mass Pike overpass on Center Street south of the
intersection.
Project
High
Long-term
High*
Signal Equipment
Eliminate overnight flashing operation.
Town
Medium
Short-term
Low
Signal Equipment
Update yellow and red clearance times.
Town
Medium
Short-term
$2,000
Town
Medium
Short-term
$500
No Right Turn Sign Replace existing truck exclusion sign for Cherry Street with MUTCD
for Cherry Street
compliant signing.
Page 18
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Responsibility
Safety
Payoff
Time
Frame
Cost
Properly define lanes on the northbound departure of the Cherry
Street intersection as well as lane merges.
Town
Medium
Short-term
$2,500
Lane Configuration
Provide lane merge signage and the proper shoulder taper
distance.
Town
Medium
Short-term
$500
Intersection
Geometry
Consider lowering the profile grade on Center Street to reduce the
crest curve at the intersection.
Project
High
Long-term
High*
Project
Low
Long-term
Low
MassDOT
Low
Short-term
$1,000
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Lane Configuration
Right Turns Exiting Maintain existing No Turn on Red signage at McDonalds’ approach
McDonalds
when rebuilt.
Park and Ride
Signage
*
Consider adding signage for park and ride facility on Center Street.
These improvements are not known to be part of the proposed project and should be considered in the next submission. All other “Project”
safety enhancements are assumed to already be included in the proposed improvements.
** Improvements to be incorporated into the proposed project are assumed to be included as part of the overall project cost.
Page 19
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix A. RSA Meeting Agenda
Road Safety Audit
Ludlow, MA
Route 21 (Center St) at Cherry St and Harding Ave
Meeting Location: Ludlow Public Works Department
198 Sportsman’s Road, Ludlow, MA
Wednesday, May 7, 2014
10:00 AM – 12:00 noon
Type of meeting:
High Crash Locations – Road Safety Audit
Attendees:
Invited Participants to Comprise a Multidisciplinary Team
Please bring:
Thoughts and Enthusiasm!!
10:00 AM
Welcome and Introductions
10:15 AM
Discussion of Safety Issues
• Crash history, Speed Regulations – provided in advance
• Existing Geometries and Conditions
11:00 AM
Site Visit
• Drive to the intersections of Route 21 (Center St) at Cherry St and Harding Ave
• As a group, identify areas for improvement
11:30 AM
Discussion of Potential Improvements
• Discuss observations and finalize safety issue areas
• Discuss potential improvements and finalize recommendations
12:00 noon
Adjourn for the Day – but the RSA has not ended
Instructions for Participants:
• Before attending the RSA on May 7, participants are encouraged to drive/walk
through the intersection and complete/consider elements on the RSA Prompt List
with a focus on safety.
• All participants will be actively involved in the process throughout. Participants
are encouraged to come with thoughts and ideas, but are reminded that the
synergy that develops and respect for others’ opinions are key elements to the
success of the overall RSA process.
• After the RSA meeting, participants will be asked to comment and respond to the
document materials to assure it is reflective of the RSA completed by the
multidisciplinary team.
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix B. RSA Audit Team Contact List
Participating Audit Team Members
Ludlow – Rte 21 (Center Street) at Cherry Street and Harding Avenue
Email Address
Phone Number
Date: May 7, 2014
Audit Team Member
Location:
Agency/Affiliation
Justin Curewitz
Jaklyn Centracchio
Corey O’Connor
Lisa Schletzbaum
John Morgan
Sgt. Frank Nowak
Jim Goodreau
Promise Otaluka
Luke Hayes
Khyati Parmar
BETA
BETA
MassDOT – Safety
MassDOT – Safety
CHA Consulting
Ludlow Police
Ludlow DPW
FHWA
MassDOT – D2 Traffic
PVPC
JCurewitz@BETA-Inc.com
JCentracchio@BETA-Inc.com
Corey.oconnor@state.ma.us
Lisa.Schletzbaum@state.ma.us
jmorganjr@chacompanies.com
FNowak@ludlowpolice.com
JGoodreau@ludlow.ma.us
Promise.Otaluka@DOT.gov
Luke.Hayes@state.ma.us
KParmar@PVPC.org
781-255-1982
781-255-1982
857-368-9638
857-368-9634
781-982-4537
413-583-8305
413-583-5625
617-494-2598
413-582-1525
413-781-6045
Road Safety Audit—Center St (Rte 21) at Mass Pike Interchange 7/Harding Ave and Cherry St – Ludlow, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix C. Detailed Crash Data
SYMBOLS
111assDOT
, ""
~
· - . . . . . . , . .._
TYPES OF CRASH
....,____
Moving Vehicle
------lll)~
~ Backing Vehicle
----11)- Non-Involved Vehicle
• . , ....&pliilliiiiWI
~
Hlgllw.y Division
COLLISION DIAGRAM
~
Pedestrian
Turning Movement
l--
~
Animal
~
Parked Ve~icle
D
Fixed Object
0
Rear End
Angle
Bicycle
~
Ludlow, MA
Head on
__/
~
~
SEVERITY
Center Street(Route 21 ) at Cherry Street
Injury
REGION: PVPC
0
Sideswipe
Fatal
TIME PERIOD ANALYlED: 2009 -
.1f
2011
I
SOURCE OF CRASH REPORTS: Ludlow Police Department
Out of Control
DATE PREPARED: 3/31/14
Night Time Crash
PREPARED BY: Craig Roberta
*NOT TO SCALE
14
4
I
14
Big Y Plaza
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41
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16.33
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0
@
Car Wash
14
4
14
14
19
~
14
4
38
I
. ,;eI
1:;
r
44
A
!Ludlow Automotive!
I
26
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20
+4, 6, 15,
x
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31
I Turnpike
I
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9 _,.
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Ludlow Auto Sales
•
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~
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McDonald's
I
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27
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Sunoco Gas
Station
_;11
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~-----------------~
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7
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Package Store
I
..
Center Street (Route 21)
Crash Data Summary Table
Center Street at Cherry Street, Ludlow, MA
2009 - 2011
Crash
Diagram
Ref #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Crash
Date
Crash Day
m/d/y
1/23/09 Friday
1/29/09
2/18/09
4/20/09
5/5/09
5/9/09
6/5/09
Thursday
Wednesday
Monday
Tuesday
Saturday
Friday
Time of Day
Manner of Collision
Type
4:42 PM
Angle
Light Condition
Type
Daylight
1:39 PM
3:41 PM
10:45 AM
6:40 PM
11:22 AM
9:44 AM
Rear-end
Angle
Angle
Angle
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Weather
Condition
Type
Clear
Dry
Driver Contributing Code
Type
Failed to yield right of way
Cloudy
Cloudy
Clear
Cloudy
Cloudy
Cloudy
Wet
Dry
Dry
Wet
Dry
Dry
Operating defective equiptment
Inattention
Made an improper turn
Failed to yield right of way
Unknown
Inattention
Road Surface
Type
D1
Ages
D2
62
21
60
75
73
26
19
65
66
63
35
19
57
84
8
7/3/09
Friday
12:56 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
20
53
9
7/10/09
Friday
4:30 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
21
41
10
7/15/09
Wednesday
5:21 PM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
77
37
11
8/29/09
Saturday
1:26 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Unknown
56
37
12
9/5/09
Saturday
2:09 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
88
60
13
14
10/17/09 Saturday
10/19/09 Monday
2:21 PM
12:39 PM
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Followed too closely
77
58
19
50
15
10/29/09 Thursday
4:58 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
26
29
16
11/7/09
Saturday
3:12 PM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
37
72
17
11/10/09 Tuesday
2:01 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
No Improper Driving
31 Unknown
18
11/27/09 Friday
2:36 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Failed to yield right of way
35
30
19
12/10/09 Thursday
12:37 PM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Other improper action
19
62
20
12/23/09 Wednesday
9:49 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
43
62
21
1/13/10
Wednesday
1:16 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
55
60
22
23
1/30/10
2/26/10
Saturday
Friday
11:08 AM
1:42 PM
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Snow
Dry
Wet
Unknown
Inattention
52
20
62
32
24
3/14/10
Sunday
1:05 AM
Angle
Dark - lighted
roadway
Rain
Wet
Unknown
29
27
25
3/18/10
Thursday
7:33 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Glare
38
34
26
3/25/10
Thursday
4:10 PM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
18
73
27
28
8/5/10
8/16/10
Thursday
Monday
2:53 PM
5:45 PM
Angle
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
Cloudy
Clear
Wet
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
No Improper Driving
23
47
16
24
29
9/4/10
Saturday
8:27 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted
roadway
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
44
27
30
10/1/10
Friday
2:16 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Inattention
39
18
31
10/8/10
Friday
4:15 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
56 Unknown
Comments
D3
Operator of vehicle 2 stated his brakes failed preventing him from stopping in
time and rear ending vehicle 1.
Vehicle 2 was attempting a left turn and crashed into Vehicle 1.
Vehicle 2 was attempting a left turn and crashed into Vehicle 1.
Vehicle 2 was attempting a left turn and crashed into Vehicle 1.
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn from the Big Y plaza onto
Center St., Vehicle 1 traveling south on Center St. went over double yellow
line to pass stopped vehicles letting Vehicle 2 into the roadway and collided
with Vehicle 2.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from the Big Y parking lot collided with
Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn into the Big Y parking lot.
Vehicle 1, pulling up alongside Vehicle 2 in the Far right lane, collided with
Vehicle 2.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Cherry St collided with Vehicle 2
traveling South on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn into the Big Y collided with Vehicle 2 traveling
west on Cherry St.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Cherry St from the Big Y collided with
Vehicle 2 traveling east on Cherry St.
Vehicle 1 attempting to make a left turn from Center St into the Big Y parking
lot collided with Vehicle 2 already traveling south on Center St.
Vehicles 1 and 2 stopped at Cherry St. red light. When the light turned green
Vehicle 1 accelerated and rear ended Vehicle 2.
Vehicle 1 traveling west on Cherry St. was struck by Vehicle 2 turning left
onto Cherry St from Golden Nozzle Car Wash who fled the scene.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from the Big Y parking lot collided with
Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 went around a courteous vehicle stopped in traffic and collided with
34 Vehicle 2 also stopped in traffic, pushing Vehicle 2 into Vehicle 3.
Vehicle 1 attempted backing out of Ludlow Auto Sales collided with Vehicle 2
traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Center St. collided with Vehicle 2 already
traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting to make a left turn into the McDonald's parking lot
collided with Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St.
Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St. slowed due to flashing yellow signal
lights and misjudged the clearance time and collided with Vehicle 2 traveling
east on Cherry St.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from Cherry St. onto Center St. collided with
Vehicle 2 traveling west on Cherry St due to sun glare.
Vehicles 1 and 2 traveling north on Center St. made contact when the lane
width reduces near the Turnpike Package Store.
Bicyclist traveling south on Center St. couldn’t stop and skidded on wet
pavement in front of Vehicle 1's path
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn into the McDonald's parking lot collided with
27 Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from the Big Y collided with Vehicle 2
traveling South on Center St.
Vehicle 1 traveling across Center St. was struck by Vehicle 2 traveling north
on Center St. Vehicle 2 fled the scene.
Crash Data Summary Table
Center Street at Cherry Street, Ludlow, MA
2009 - 2011
Crash
Diagram
Ref #
32
Crash
Date
Crash Day
m/d/y
10/10/10 Sunday
Time of Day
11:42 AM
Manner of Collision
Type
Light Condition
Type
Weather
Condition
Type
Road Surface
Type
Driver Contributing Code
Type
D1
Ages
D2
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
25
64
Dark - lighted
roadway
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
19
20
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
25
Vehicles 1, 2 and 3 all traveling north on Center St. Vehicle 3 attempting a
left turn from the center travel lane cut off Vehicle 2 who had to stop short,
41 Unknown Vehicle 1 couldn’t stop in time and rear ended Vehicle 1.
Clear
Dry
Unknown
30
31
11/27/10 Saturday
10:43 PM
Rear-end
34
12/10/10 Friday
6:16 PM
Rear-end
35
12/21/10 Tuesday
6:34 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted
roadway
Dark - lighted
roadway
36
12/24/10 Friday
10:18 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
75
37
12/28/10 Tuesday
1:19 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
60
52
38
1/10/11
Monday
6:03 AM
Rear-end
Dark - lighted
roadway
Clear
Dry
Operating Vehicle in erratic, reckless,
careless, negligent, or aggressive
manner
18
36
39
40
2/16/11
2/16/11
Wednesday
Wednesday
2:37 PM
4:01 PM
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Cloudy
Cloudy
Wet
Dry
Visibility Obstructed
No Improper Driving
61
20
72
46
41
2/18/11
Friday
2:05 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failure to keep in proper lane or
running off road
70
72
42
2/23/11
Wednesday
3:30 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
18
60
43
2/25/11
Friday
11:53 PM
Sideswipe, same direction
Dark - lighted
roadway
Rain
Wet
Inattention
21
46
44
3/2/11
Wednesday
7:57 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
56
26
45
5/12/11
Thursday
6:01 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
49
72
46
5/17/11
Tuesday
6:10 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Disregarded traffic signs, signals,
road markings
25
21
47
5/30/11
Monday
6:30 PM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
74 Unknown
48
6/9/11
Thursday
4:24 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
42
49
7/30/11
Saturday
3:27 PM
Angle
Unknown
Dry
Unknown
20 Unknown
50
8/27/11
Saturday
10:30 AM
Angle
Daylight
Dry
Unknown
47
42
Cloudy
54
51
9/9/11
Friday
7:34 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Disregarded traffic signs, signals,
road markings
52
12/2/11
Friday
11:10 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
26
75
Angle
Dark - lighted
roadway
Cloudy
Wet
Unknown
25
53
12/6/11
Tuesday
6:15 PM
Vehicles 1 and 2 traveling north on Center St. were cut off by an unknown
vehicle. Vehicle 2 moved to the right to avoid collision and clipped Vehicle
1's mirror.
Vehicle 2, stopped at a red light at Cherry St. traveling south on Center St.
was rear ended by Vehicle 1 who couldn’t stop in time.
Sideswipe, same direction
33
53
Comments
D3
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 2 struck the bumper of Vehicle 1 as he attempted to pull out of the
parking lot. Vehicle 1 fled the scene.
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 1 attempting to make a left turn from the Big Y
plaza onto Center St. collided with Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 was stopped at a signal traveling south on Center St. Vehicle 2
couldn’t stop in time and slid when applying his brakes, tried to avoid Vehicle
1 but collided with it
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 1 attempting to make a left turn into the Big Y
collided with Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 waiting to turn left onto Cherry St from Center St was struck by
Vehicle 2 turning right from Cherry St. onto Center St.
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 1 exiting the Big Y collided with Vehicle 2 traveling
south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 was in the left turn lane to turn west onto Cherry St. when they
decided to turn right into the McDonald's across two lanes of traffic, and
collided with Vehicle 2 in the right lane.
Vehicle 1 attempting a right turn from Ludlow Automotive onto Center St.
collided with Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Cherry St. collided with Vehicle 2
traveling west on Cherry St.
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from the Big Y, two
unknown vehicles stopped to let them go, Vehicle 2 crossed the double
yellow lines to pass the stopped vehicles and collided with Vehicle 1.
Vehicle 2 going to turn right into the Big Y, Vehicle 1 attempted to pass
Vehicle 1 and made contact. Vehicle 1 fled the scene.
Courtesy Crash. Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn into the Big Y collided with
Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting to leave McDonald's onto Cherry St. late at night when
traffic signals were in flashing mode. Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St.
collided with Vehicle 1.
Vehicle 1 attempting to make a left turn onto Center St. from F.L. Roberts Co
collided with Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 exiting the McDonald's proceeded through a no turn on red traffic
light collided with Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St.
Vehicle 1 traveling south on Center St. was struck by Vehicle 2 attempting a
left turn from the Big Y.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Cherry St. collided with Vehicle 2 (a
moped/scooter) traveling straight in the "right turn only" lane through the
intersection of Center St. and Cherry St.
*Courtesy Crash - A term used to describe a crash that occurs subsequent to a non-involved mainline driver who gives the right of way, contrary to the rules of the road, to another driver.
Summary based on Crash Reports obtained from the Ludlow Police Department
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Center Street at Cherry Street, Ludlow, MA
CRASH MONTH
14%
15%
14%
12%
10%
10%
10%
8%
8%
8%
6%
6%
4%
5%
2%
0%
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
CRASH DAY OF WEEK
30%
26%
19%
20%
10%
0%
15%
15%
11%
9%
4%
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
CRASH TIME OF DAY
30%
23%
20%
10%
0%
17%
13% 15%
8%
6AM8AM
13%
4%
8AM10AM
2% 4% 2% 0% 0%
10AM12PM
12PM2PM
2PM4PM
4PM6PM
6PM8PM
8PM10PM
10PM12AM
12AM2AM
2AM4AM
4AM6AM
CRASH MANNER OF COLLISION
73%
80%
60%
40%
21%
20%
0%
6%
0%
Single
Vehicle
Crash
Rear-end
Angle
Crash Data Spreadsheet_Center St-Cherry St.xlsx
0%
Sideswipe, Sideswipe,
same
opposite
direction
direction
3 of 4
0%
0%
0%
Head on
Rear to
Rear
Unknown
4/8/2014
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Center Street at Cherry Street, Ludlow, MA
CRASH LIGHT CONDITION
15%
Daylight
0%
0%
Dawn
Dusk
Dark Lighted
Roadway
0%
0%
0%
2%
Dark Roadway
not lighted
Dark unknown
roadway
lighting
Other
Unknown
CRASH WEATHER CONDITION
56%
0%
2%
Unknown
Severe
Crosswinds
0%
Other
0%
Fog, Smog,
Smoke
0%
Blowing
sand, snow
0%
Rain
2%
Sleet, Hail,
Freezing
Rain
4%
Snow
37%
Cloudy
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
83%
Clear
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
CRASH ROAD SURFACE
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
77%
23%
Dry
Wet
0%
0%
Snow
Ice
0%
0%
Sand, mud, Water
dirt, oil, (standing,
gravel
moving)
0%
0%
0%
Slush
Other
Unknown
CRASH DRIVER AGES
30%
24%
20%
10%
15%
10%
11%
12%
14%
13%
2%
0%
15-20
21-29
30-39
Crash Data Spreadsheet_Center St-Cherry St.xlsx
40-49
4 of 4
50-59
60-69
70-79
80+
4/8/2014
Ludlow, MA
Massachusetts Turnpike at Harding Avenue
REGION: PVPC
TIME PERIOD ANAI...VZED: 2009 - 201 1
SOURCE OF CRASH REPORTS: Ludlow Police Department
COLLISION DIAGRAM
DATE PREPARED: 3/25/201 4
PREPARED BY: Craig Roberts
*NOT TO SCALE
I~------------~~
Cumberland Farms I ~
.or
20
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33,49~
11!
24, 3 0 J
2, 18
~I
42~
lt
43
41
25,
~
@, ®
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t
2
c,2
:-v-35
.:::J:.
·- r"
0....
-+-'
oo·X
ow
~
~
~
-
lYPES OF CRASH
Moving Vehicle
Head on
SEVERilY
Rear End
0
____/
Angle
Injury
Bicycle
~
Tuming Movement
Animal
~
0
IIJI Backing Vehicle
----~ Non-Involved Vehicle
Pedestrian
-'iiiiiiiilo
Parked Vehicle
D
Fixed Object
@57
Pride Gas
(f)
SYMBOLS
14
(j)
44
«(
26
l
N· ~~
~7
t=-\.,.
~ ~ 1
SJ ?: 23/~ ~1
__. . . _
141 )
(!)
___.~
F
I t-f---
4.9.10.11,
19, 27,
37, 38, 40, 50,
~3, ~.
5
Center Street
(Route 21)
_
Joy's Kitchen
Friendly's
•1
•
~
Sideswipe
Out of Control
Night nme Crash
Fatal
.
Crash Data Summary Table
Massachusetts Turnpike at Harding Avenue, Ludlow, MA
2009 - 2011
Crash
Diagram
Ref #
1
2
Crash
Crash Day
Date
m/d/y
Monday
1/5/09
Friday
1/9/09
Time of Day
3:59 PM
3:54 PM
Manner of Collision
Type
Rear-end
Rear-end
Light Condition
Type
Daylight
Daylight
Weather
Condition
Type
Clear
Cloudy
Road Surface
Driver Contributing Code
Type
Type
Dry
No Improper Driving
Dry
Unknown
D1
20
71
Ages
D2
Comments
D3
21
58
Operator of Vehicle 1 was OUI and lost control while turning left from the
Turnpike exit onto Center St. The vehicle left the roadway onto the sidewalk
and shoulder of Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
3
4
1/11/09
1/30/09
Sunday
Friday
9:12 PM
2:18 PM
Single Vehicle Crash
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway Clear
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Wet
Operating Vehicle in erratic, reckless,
careless, negligent, or aggressive
manner
Visibility Obstructed
5
6
5/2/09
5/16/09
Saturday
Saturday
6:12 PM
3:19 PM
Rear-end
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Cloudy
Dry
Dry
Inattention
Failed to yield right of way
17
57
32
7
7/11/09
Saturday
11:02 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
66
28
8
9
7/17/09
7/31/09
Friday
Friday
12:37 PM
8:13 AM
Angle
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
Cloudy
Cloudy
Dry
Dry
Inattention
Visibility Obstructed
27
36
34
66
10
11
8/7/09
9/19/09
Friday
Saturday
9:35 AM
9:44 AM
Angle
Angle
Daylight
Unknown
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Unknown
67
41
67
53
12
10/3/09
Saturday
3:20 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Made an improper turn
27
21
13
14
10/22/09
10/29/09
Thursday
Thursday
7:33 AM
1:29 PM
Angle
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Visibility Obstructed
62
26
19
45
15
11/5/09
Thursday
5:39 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
28
22
16
12/16/09
Wednesday
12:58 PM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
66 Unknown
17
18
12/22/09
12/23/09
Tuesday
Wednesday
8:48 PM
4:24 PM
Angle
Rear-end
Dark - lighted roadway Clear
Dusk
Clear
Dry
Dry
No Improper Driving
Inattention
19
60
34
25
19
1/29/10
Friday
4:22 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
37
34
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from Friendly's onto Center St collided with
Vehicle 2 already traveling south on Center Street.
20
2/5/10
Friday
3:14 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
36
36
Vehicle 1 attempting a right turn from Harding Ave onto Center St. collided
with Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn from Center St. onto Harding Ave.
21
2/12/10
Friday
1:49 PM
Head on
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Failure to keep in proper lane or
running off road
22
29
22
23
3/6/10
3/18/10
Saturday
Thursday
3:11 PM
4:18 PM
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Inattention
Inattention
50
20
18
39
51
40
68
Vehicle 1 pulled too far out and struck Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 1 turning left onto Center St. collided with Vehicle 2 turning right onto
Center St.
Vehicle 1 turning left onto Center St. from the Mass Pike collided with Vehicle
2 traveling from Harding Ave. onto the Mass Pike.
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn from Friendly's onto Center St stuck out too
far and made contact with Vehicle 1 traveling south on Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicles 1, 2 and 3 all traveling south on Center St Vehicle 1 attempted to
turn right from the left travel lane causing Vehicle 2 to suddenly stop. Vehicle
22 3 couldn't stop in time rear ending Vehicle 2.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from Friendly's onto Center St collided with
Vehicle 2 already traveling south on Center Street.
Courtesy Crash*
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 2 waiting to make a left turn onto Center St. from Harding Ave was
rear ended by Vehicle 1 who fled the scene.
Vehicle 1 attempting to cross Harding Ave. from Cumberland Farms to
Dunkin' Donuts collided with Vehicle 2 already traveling west on Harding
Ave.
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 1 attempting a right turn from Friendly's onto Center St. collided with
Vehicle 2 already traveling south on Center St.
24
4/15/10
Thursday
7:08 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
25
67
Vehicle 1 was traveling north in the left turn lane on Center St. in the area of
Cumberland Farms. Vehicle 2 traveling north in the straight lane on Center
St. attempted to turn into the Cumberland Farms from the straight lane and
Vehicle 2's front came in contact with Vehicle 1
25
5/7/10
Friday
2:46 PM
Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Distracted
35
18
Vehicle 2 stated he was distracted by his dog and rear ended Vehicle 1
Crash Data Summary Table
Massachusetts Turnpike at Harding Avenue, Ludlow, MA
2009 - 2011
Crash
Crash Day
Date
m/d/y
Time of Day
26
27
28
5/13/10
5/15/10
6/15/10
Thursday
Saturday
Tuesday
3:31 PM
3:13 PM
3:29 PM
Angle
Head on
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Visibility Obstructed
Followed too closely
31
20
73
44
63
47
29
6/19/10
Saturday
10:17 PM
Rear-end
Dark - lighted roadway Clear
Dry
Inattention
46
28
Crash
Diagram
Ref #
Manner of Collision
Type
Light Condition
Type
Weather
Condition
Type
Road Surface
Type
Driver Contributing Code
Type
D1
Ages
D2
30
6/29/10
Tuesday
4:43 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Other improper action
55
20
31
32
7/3/10
7/30/10
Saturday
Friday
2:28 PM
11:37 AM
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Inattention
53
19
18
59
33
8/8/10
Sunday
2:07 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
56
50
34
9/17/10
Friday
3:19 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
64
69
35
9/27/10
Monday
7:56 AM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Inattention
48
54
36
37
10/21/10
12/14/10
Thursday
Tuesday
5:55 PM
7:20 AM
Angle
Angle
Dusk
Daylight
Cloudy
Cloudy
Dry
Snow
Inattention
No Improper Driving
22
52
66
20
38
12/21/10
Tuesday
5:15 PM
Angle
Dark - lighted roadway Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
42
52
39
40
41
1/18/11
1/23/11
2/3/11
Tuesday
Sunday
Thursday
10:56 AM
3:52 PM
3:32 PM
Rear-end
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Snow
Clear
Clear
Snow
Dry
Wet
Inattention
Failed to yield right of way
Inattention
38
22
39
20
23
54
42
2/17/11
Thursday
10:57 AM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
72
82
43
44
45
46
3/31/11
4/23/11
5/8/11
6/3/11
Thursday
Saturday
Sunday
Friday
6:24 AM
12:25 PM
6:34 PM
2:19 PM
Head on
Rear-end
Angle
Head on
Dusk
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Cloudy
Clear
Clear
Dry
Wet
Dry
Dry
No Improper Driving
Unknown
No Improper Driving
Visibility Obstructed
44
53
45
73
41
68
35
20
47
7/7/11
Thursday
12:37 PM
Sideswipe, opposite direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
42
30
48
7/9/11
Saturday
1:16 AM
Sideswipe, opposite direction
Dark - lighted roadway Cloudy
Unknown
Failed to yield right of way
24
20
49
7/12/11
Tuesday
11:53 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
19
55
50
7/26/11
Tuesday
3:07 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Cellular telephone
18
27
Comments
D3
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn into Joy's Kitchen fro Center St. collided with
Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
Crash Narrative/Diagram missing from crash report.
Vehicle 1 traveling north on Center St. in the left turn lane Vehicle 2 traveling
north in the straight lane, attempted to make a left turn into the Cumberland
Farms and collided with Vehicle 1.
Vehicle 1 attempting to merge into northbound Center St. Vehicle 2 already
traveling north on Center St. collided with Vehicle 1 who attempted to go
around Vehicle 1.
Vehicle 1 exiting the Cumberland Farm's parking lot attempting to get into the
right turn only lane toward the Mass Turnpike, collided with Vehicle 2 already
in the right turn only lane.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Center St. collided with Vehicle 2
traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 2 put on right turn signal to enter through lane south on Center St..
Vehicle 1 attempted to pass Vehicle 2 stating they never saw a turn signal
and the two vehicles contacted side by side.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn onto Center St. collided with Vehicle 2
traveling north on Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from Friendly's onto Center
St collided with Vehicle 2 already traveling south on Center Street.
Due to snow conditions Vehicle 2 was unable to stop for Vehicle 1 attempting
to make a right turn from Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
Due to snow conditions there wasn’t enough room for two cars to travel side
by side, when Vehicle 1 came along side Vehicle 2 a collision occurred.
Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn onto Harding Ave. collided with Vehicle 1
traveling south on Center St.
Courtesy Crash*
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 1 stopped awaiting a red light on Center St. Vehicle 2, a tractor trailer
attempting a left onto Center St. from the Mass Turnpike, trailer collided with
Vehicle 1 stopped at the stop bar.
Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn from Center St. into the Cumberland Fars
collided with Vehicle 1 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 attempting to turn left on Center St. collided with Vehicle 2 already
traveling south on Center St.
Courtesy Crash*. Driver of Vehicle 1 was holding a cell phone in his hand
which appeared to have been a contributing factor to the accident.
Crash Data Summary Table
Massachusetts Turnpike at Harding Avenue, Ludlow, MA
2009 - 2011
Crash
Crash Day
Date
m/d/y
Time of Day
51
7/29/11
Friday
11:13 AM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Inattention
56
69
52
9/14/11
Wednesday
5:15 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
62
19
53
9/29/11
Thursday
8:38 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Unknown
19
53
54
10/1/11
Saturday
9:42 AM
Sideswipe, same direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Other improper action
41
42
55
10/26/11
Wednesday
12:04 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
62
80
56
57
11/11/11
12/21/11
Friday
Wednesday
7:26 AM
8:00 AM
Angle
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Cloudy
Dry
Dry
Inattention
Visibility Obstructed
52
24
49
42
58
12/23/11
Friday
1:19 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
60
22
Crash
Diagram
Ref #
Manner of Collision
Type
Light Condition
Type
Weather
Condition
Type
Road Surface
Type
Driver Contributing Code
Type
D1
Ages
D2
Comments
D3
Vehicle 1 attempting a right turn from the Mass Turnpike collided with Vehicle
2 attempting a left turn from Harding Ave.
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from Harding Ave onto Center St. collided
with Vehicle 2 traveling straight from the Mass. Turnpike.
Courtesy Crash*. Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn out of Friendly's parking lot
onto Center St. collided with Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St.
Vehicle 2, stopped in traffic on Center St. was struck by Vehicle 1 who
attempted to pass on the left.
Vehicle 2 attempting a left turn into Friendly's collided with Vehicle 1 traveling
south on Center St.
Vehicle 1 was proceeding through the intersection from Harding Ave. when
Vehicle 2 traveling south on Center St went through a red light and collided
with Vehicle 1.
Courtesy Crash*
Vehicle 1 attempting a left turn from Cumberland farms onto Center St.
collided with Vehicle 2 traveling north on Center St.
*Courtesy Crash - A term used to describe a crash that occurs subsequent to a non-involved mainline driver who gives the right of way, contrary to the rules of the road, to another driver.
Summary based on Crash Reports obtained from the Ludlow Police Department.
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Massachusetts Turnpike at Harding Avenue, Ludlow, MA
CRASH MONTH
20%
15%
17%
12%
10%
10%
7%
9%
7%
5%
3%
5%
12%
10%
3%
3%
0%
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
CRASH DAY OF WEEK
30%
26%
21%
20%
10%
0%
21%
14%
9%
7%
3%
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
CRASH TIME OF DAY
40%
31%
30%
20%
10%
0%
9% 10% 10%
6AM8AM
8AM10AM
10AM12PM
14%
14%
5% 3%
2% 2% 0% 0%
12PM2PM
2PM4PM
4PM6PM
6PM8PM
8PM10PM
10PM12AM
12AM2AM
2AM4AM
4AM6AM
CRASH MANNER OF COLLISION
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
55%
25%
8%
2%
Single
Vehicle
Crash
Rear-end
Angle
Crash Data Spreadsheet_MassPike-HardingAve.xlsx
4%
Sideswipe, Sideswipe,
same
opposite
direction
direction
4 of 5
8%
Head on
0%
0%
Rear to
Rear
Unknown
4/8/2014
Crash Data Summary Tables and Charts
Massachusetts Turnpike at Harding Avenue, Ludlow, MA
CRASH LIGHT CONDITION
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
81%
Daylight
11%
6%
0%
Dawn
Dusk
Dark Lighted
Roadway
0%
0%
0%
2%
Dark Roadway
not lighted
Dark unknown
roadway
lighting
Other
Unknown
CRASH WEATHER CONDITION
80%
68%
60%
40%
0%
Severe
Crosswinds
0%
0%
2%
Unknown
0%
Other
0%
Blowing
sand, snow
2%
Fog, Smog,
Smoke
Rain
Cloudy
0%
Clear
0%
Sleet, Hail,
Freezing
Rain
20%
Snow
28%
CRASH ROAD SURFACE
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
77%
15%
Dry
Wet
4%
0%
Snow
Ice
0%
0%
Sand, mud, Water
dirt, oil, (standing,
gravel
moving)
0%
0%
0%
Slush
Other
Unknown
CRASH DRIVER AGES
30%
25%
20%
10%
0%
13%
10%
14%
17%
16%
4%
15-20
21-29
30-39
Crash Data Spreadsheet_MassPike-HardingAve.xlsx
40-49
5 of 5
50-59
60-69
70-79
2%
80+
4/8/2014